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Protein post-translational modifications in auxin signaling

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 279-291页

作者： Xiankui Cui Junxia Wang Ke Li Bingsheng Lv Bingkai Hou Zhaojun Ding The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong 266237China Shandong Academy of Grape JinanShandong 250100China College of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China

Protein post-translational modifications(PTMs),such as ubiquitination,phosphorylation,and small ubiquitin-like modifier(SUMO)ylation,are crucial for regulating protein stability,activity,subcellular localization,and binding with cofactors.Such modifications remarkably increase the variety and complexity of proteomes,which are essential for regulating numerous cellular and physiological processes.The regulation of auxin signaling is finely tuned in time and space to guide various plant growth and development.Accumulating evidence indicates that PTMs play critical roles in auxin signaling regulations.Thus,a thorough and systematic review of the functions of PTMs in auxin signal transduction will improve our profound comprehension of the regulation mechanism of auxin signaling and auxin-mediated various processes.This review discusses the progress of protein ubiquitination,phosphorylation,histone acetylation and methylation,SUMOylation,and S-nitrosylation in the regulation of auxin signaling.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana Auxin Auxin signaling Post-translational modifications Protein regulation

NAC1 regulates root ground tissue maturation by coordinating with the SCR/SHR-CYCD6;1 module in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2023年第4期16卷 709-725页

作者： Chuantian Xie Cuiling Li Fengxia wang Feng Zhang Jiajia Liu Junxia Wang Xiansheng Zhang Xiangpei Kong Zhaojun Ding The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao Shandong266237China National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Precise spatiotemporal control of the timing and extent of asymmetric cell divisions(AcDs)is essential for plant development.In the Arabidopsis root,ground tissue maturation involves an additional AcD of the endo-dermis that maintains the inner cell layer as the endodermis and generates the middle cortex to the outside.Through regulation of the cell cycle regulator CYCLIND6;1(CYCD6;1),the transcription factors SCARECROW(SCR)and SHORT-ROOT(SHR)play critical roles in this process.In the present study,we found that loss of function of NAC1,a NAC transcription factor family gene,causes markedly increased periclinal cell divisions in the root endodermis.Importantly,NAC1 directly represses the transcription of CYCD6;1 by recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS(TPL),creating a fine-tuned mechanism to maintain proper root ground tissue patterning by limiting production of middle cortex cells.Biochemical and genetic analyses further showed that NAC1 physically interacts with SCR and SHR to restrict excessive periclinal cell divisions in the endo-dermis during root middle cortex formation.Although NAC1-TPL is recruited to the CYCD6;1 promoter and represses its transcription in an SCR-dependent manner,NAC1 and SHR antagonize each other to regu-late the expression of CYCD6;1.Collectively,our study provides mechanistic insights into how the NAC1-TPL module integrates with the master transcriptional regulators SCR and SHR to control root ground tissue patterning by fine-tuning spatiotemporal expression of CYCD6;1 in Arabidopsis.

关键词： root,NAC1,SCR,SHR,TOPLESS,CYCD6 1

Effect of carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan coating on curcumin-loaded multilayered emulsion:stability evaluation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第2期12卷 555-563页

作者： Luhui wang Xinru Zhang junxia Xiao Jiayi Shi College of Food Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266109China College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance&EconomicsNanjing 210023China

The stability against various environmental stresses of the curcumin-loaded secondary and tertiary emulsions that was emulsified by whey protein isolate(WPI)and coated by chitosan(CHI),carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan(CMKGM),or their combination through layer-by-layer assembly was investigated.Generally,the multilayered emulsions were destabilized in high Na Cl concentrations or medium p H that could interrupt the electrostatic interaction between the three polyelectrolytes or deprotonate CHI,indicating that electrostatic interaction played an important role in the stability of emulsions.Compared with the primary emulsion that was solely stabilized by WPI,extra coating with CHI and CMKGM generally increased the stability of the emulsion against repeated freezing-thawing,improved the retention of curcumin against heating,UV irradiation,and long-term storage,and the effects were more remarkable in the tertiary emulsion with CMKGM locating in the outmost layer.Since CMKGM has shown the colon-targeted delivery potency,the multilayered emulsions assembled by layer-by-layer deposition,especially the tertiary emulsion,could be used as an effective carrier for the targeted delivery of curcumin.

关键词： Curcumin Multilayered emulsion Layer-by-layer assembly Carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan Electrostatic interaction

Cache Pollution Prevention Mechanism Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in NDN

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2021年第1期6卷 91-100页

作者： Jie Zhou Jiangtao Luo Junxia Wang Lianglang Deng School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China Electronic Information and Networking Research Institute Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China

As a representative architecture of contentcentric paradigms for the future Internet,named data networking(NDN)enables consumers to retrieve content duplicates from either the original server or intermediate routers.Each node of NDN is equipped with cache that buffers but not validates the data,making it vulnerable to various attacks.Cache pollution,one of the specific attacks in NDN,fraudulently alters the cached contents by excessively requesting worthless information,squeezing the space of real popular contents and thus degrading the experience of normal users.In order to address the issue,this paper proposes a defense scheme based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)against cache pollution attack,in which whether a data packet is to be cached is decided by a trained intelligent agent,that is adaptive to dynamic network states and following long term rewards,the accumulative data-requesting delays.Finally,the DRL-based scheme is evaluated and compared to two other existing schemes.Experimental results show that the proposed defense mechanism outperforms the others significantly,and is proved to be effective against cache pollution attacks.

关键词： named data networking cache pollution attack deep reinforcement learning

Long-term declining in carbon monoxide(CO)at a rural site of Beijing during 2006-2018 implies the improved combustion efficiency and effective emission control

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 432-442页

作者： Yingruo Li Zhiqiang Ma Tingting Han Weijun Quan Junxia Wang Huaigang Zhou Di He Fan Dong Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Environmental Meteorology Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Carbon monoxide(CO)is primarily the result of incomplete combustion,which has impor-tant impacts on the atmospheric chemical cycle and climate.Improved quantitative char-acterization of long-term CO trends is important for both atmospheric modeling and the design and implementation of policies to efficiently control multiple pollutants.Due to the limitations of high time-resolution and high-quality long-term observational data,studies on long-term trends in the CO concentration in China are quite limited.In this study,the observational data of the concentration of CO in a rural site of Beijing during 2006-2018 was used to analyze the long-term trend in CO concentration in Beijing.The Theil-Sen method and the generalized additive model(GAM)-based method,were used to conduct the trend estimation analysis.We found that the concentration of CO at the Shangdianzi site showed a significant downward trend during 2006-2018,with a decline rate of 22.8±5.1 ppbV per year.The declining trend in CO also showed phasic characteristics,with a fast decreasing rate during the period of 2006-2008,stable variations during the period of 2009-2013 and a continuous downward trend after 2013.The declining trend in the CO concentration in the south to west(S-W)sectors where the polluted air masses come from is more rapid than that in the sectors where the clean air masses come from.The declining trend in the CO concentration implies the improved combustion efficiency and the successful air pollution control policies in Beijing and the surrounding area.

关键词： Carbon monoxide Long-term trend Theil-Sen method Generalized additive model (GAM)-based method Stratified analysis

Initiation and maintenance of plant stem cells in root and shoot apical meristems

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aBIOTECH 2020年第3期1卷 194-204页

作者： Junxia Wang Yinghua Su Xiangpei Kong Zhaojun Ding Xian Sheng Zhang The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

Plant stem cells are a small group of cells with a self-renewal capacity and serve as a steady supply of precursor cells to form new differentiated tissues and organs in plants.Root stem cells and shoot stem cells,which are located in the root apical meristem and in the shoot apical meristem,respectively,play a critical role in plant longitudinal growth.These stem cells in shoot and root apical meristems remain as pluripotent state throughout the lifespan of the plant and control the growth and development of plants.The molecular mechanisms of initiation and maintenance of plant stem cells have been extensively investigated.In this review,we mainly discuss how the plant phytohormones,such as auxin and cytokinin,coordinate with the key transcription factors to regulate plant stem cell initiation and maintenance in root and shoot apical meristems.In addition,we highlight the common regulatory mechanisms of both root and shoot apical meristems.

关键词： Stem cell Initiation Maintenance Auxin Cytokinin Transcription factors

SIZ1 negatively regulates aluminum resistance by mediating the STOP1–ALMT1 pathway in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第6期63卷 1147-1160页

作者： Jiameng Xu Jiayong Zhu Jiajia Liu Junxia Wang Zhaojun Ding Huiyu Tian The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Sensitive to proton rhizotoxicity 1(STOP1) functions as a crucial regulator of root growth during aluminum(Al) stress. However, how this transcription factor is regulated by Al stress to affect downstream genes expression is not well understood. To explore the underlying mechanisms of the function and regulation of STOP1, we employed a yeast two hybrid screen to identify STOP1-interacting proteins. The SUMO E3 ligase SIZ1, was found to interact with STOP1 and mainly facilitate its SUMO modification at K40 and K212 residues. Simultaneous introduction of K40 R and K212 R substitutions in STOP1 enhances its transactivation activity to upregulate the expression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 1(ALMT1)via increasing the association with mediator 16(MED16) transcriptional co-activator. Loss of function of SIZ1 causes highly increased expression of ALMT1, thus enhancing Al-induced malate exudation and Al tolerance. Also, we found that the protein level of SIZ1 is reduced in response to Al stress. Genetic evidence demonstrates that STOP1/ALMT1 is epistatic to SIZ1 in regulating root growth response to Al stress. This study suggests a mechanism about how the SIZ1–STOP1–ALMT1 signaling module is involved in root growth response to Al stress.

关键词： ALMT1 aluminum SIZ1 STOP1 SUMOylation

Neuroprotective Effects of Brain-Gut Peptides: A Potential Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第6期35卷 1085-1096页

作者： Dong Dong junxia Xie Jun wang Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology Medical College of Qingdao University

Parkinson's disease(PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is typically associated with progressive motor and non-motor dysfunctions.Currently, dopamine replacement therapy is mainly used to relieve the motor symptoms, while its long-term application can lead to various complications and does not cure the disease. Numerous studies have demonstrated that many brain-gut peptides have neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro, and may be a promising treatment for PD. In recent years, some progress has been made in studies on the neuroprotective effects of some newly-discovered braingut peptides, such as glucagon-like peptide 1, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, nesfatin-1, and ghrelin. However, there is still no systematic review on the neuroprotective effects common to these peptides. Thus,here we review the neuroprotective effects and the associated mechanisms of these four peptides, as well as other brain-gut peptides related to PD, in the hope of providing new ideas for the treatment of PD and related clinical research.

关键词： Parkinson's disease Glucagon-like peptide 1 Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide Nesfatin-1 Ghrelin

Behavior Model Construction for Client Side of Modern Web Applications

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2021年第1期26卷 112-134页

作者： Weiwei wang junxia Guo Zheng Li Ruilian Zhao the College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Most of the behavior models with respect to Web applications focus on sequencing of events,without regard for the changes of parameters or elements and the relationship between trigger conditions of events and Web pages.As a result,these models are not sufficient to effectively represent the dynamic behavior of the Web2.0 application.Therefore,in this paper,to appropriately describe the dynamic behavior of the client side of Web applications,we define a novel Client-side Behavior Model(CBM)for Web applications and present a user behavior trace-based modeling method to automatically generate and optimize CBMs.To verify the effectiveness of our method,we conduct a series of experiments on six Web applications according to three types of user behavior traces.The experimental results show that our modeling method can construct CBMs automatically and effectively,and the CBMs built are more precise to represent the dynamic behavior of Web applications.

关键词： web applications client-side behavior model user behavior trace