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Oxytocinergic Control of a Hypothalamic Social Fear Circuitry

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第9期40卷 1399-1401页

作者： junqiang zheng Xingying Wu Han Xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute Hangzhou311100China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine IntelligenceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou311121China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Lingang Laboratory Shanghai200031China

Exhibiting appropriate social behavior toward conspecifics is crucial for survival within a social *** instance,after a conflict,it is essential for the loser to stay away from the victor to avoid further harm[1].Previous studies have indicated that the anterior ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus(aVMHvl)plays a pivotal role in social fear and avoidance following a social ***,the precise mechanisms through which the aVMHvl effectively transforms social defeat to subsequent behavioral changes in social interaction remain largely unknown.

关键词： medial hypothalamus precise

Neural Circuitry Involving Substance P in Male Sexual Behavior

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 544-546页

作者： Xinrong Wang junqiang zheng Han Xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute Hangzhou311100China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine IntelligenceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou311121China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Lingang Laboratory Shanghai200031China

Male sexual behavior is an innate social behavior crucial for reproduction[1].Previous studies have identified several brain regions crucial for the control of both sexual and aggressive behaviors in ***,molecularly specified neural circuits that specifically control male sexual behavior remain *** with the inherently rewarding nature of sexual behavior,previous research has implicated the role of the dopamine system in regulating sexual desire[2].However,the interaction between reward and copulation at the circuit level remains largely ***,it is unclear if the associated neural pathways are specific in modulating sexual reward.

关键词： behavior neural specified

Lighting up Oxytocin Neurons to Nurture the Brain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第5期39卷 866-868页

作者： Fang Zhou junqiang zheng Han Xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Brain-machine IntelligenceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311121China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The sensory system develops earlier than the systems responsible for higher brain functions such as language and cognition[1].Moreover,sensory experiences in early life are critical for the development of the ***,how sensory experiences shape brain development is an important yet unresolved question in *** work has demonstrated that deprivation of sensory inputs in the early developmental stage causes synaptic dysfunction in the sensory ***,it has been reported that oxytocin can restore the deficits caused by somatosensory deprivation in neonatal mice,suggesting that oxytocin may play a key role in sensory-mediated synaptogenesis[2].Vision is one of the most important sensory inputs during early development in mammalians including humans[1],but the neural mechanism underlying vision-mediated brain development is still largely unknown.

关键词： neonatal neural sensory

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Consolidates Social Memory

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第10期39卷 1598-1600页

作者： Jingkai Fan Fang Zhou junqiang zheng Han Xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Afliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine IntelligenceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311121China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015China

Social memory is one of declarative memory which is essential for animals to exhibit appropriate social *** suggests that the hippocampus,particularly the CA2 region,plays an important role in encoding and consolidating social memory[1].Rapid eye movement(REM)sleep has been suggested to contribute to social memory consolidation by up-regulating synaptic plasticity,local field potentials,and dendritic activity[2].

关键词： memory plasticity consolidation

A Standardized Protocol for the Induction of Specific Social Fear in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第12期37卷 1708-1712页

作者： junqiang zheng Yuanyuan Tian Haifeng Xu Linfan Gu Han Xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and BrainMachine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Dear Editor,Social anxiety disorder(SAD)is one of the most common psychiatric *** is characterized by intense and persistent fear of one or more social situations in which one is exposed to possible scrutiny by others[1].The lifetime prevalence of SAD ranges from 0.2%to 13%,with higher prevalence in high-income *** SAD can last a lifetime and is often accompanied by impairments in social life,which severely compromises the quality of ***,SAD is associated with a higher risk of other mental and physical disorders including depressive disor-ders,substance abuse disorders,general anxiety disorders,and cardiovascular diseases[2].

关键词： prevalence lifetime cardiovascular

Sleeve Design of Permanent-magnet Machine for Low Rotor Losses

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2020年第4期6卷 86-96页

作者： junqiang zheng Wenxiang Zhao Jinghua Ji Jihong Zhu Christopher H.T.Lee School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100000China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore

In this study,a novel rotor sleeve for permanent-magnet(PM)machines equipped with fractional-slot concentrated-windings(FSCW)is *** the newly designed rotor sleeve,the rotor eddy-current(EC)losses are significantly reduced,and the torque density of the machine is ***,the rotor EC losses of a surface-mounted PM machine with the sleeve are ***,the sleeve EC barriers and PM segmentation technologies for the suppression of the rotor EC losses are ***,an FSCW PM machine with the newly designed sleeve is proposed and optimized for a given set of *** electromagnetic and mechanical performances are evaluated by the finite element method(FEM).Finally,three assembling methods are presented and assessed comprehensively in terms of their merits and drawbacks.

关键词： Permanent-magnet machine rotor losses sleeve eddy-current concentrated-windings

The effect of soil moisture on the response by fungi and bacteria to nitrogen additions for N_(2)O production

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2037-2045页

作者： Lei Zhang junqiang zheng Xu Han Junhui Zhang Chengxu Li Shicong Geng Shijie Han Department of Boundary Layer Ecology Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management of Chinese Academy of ScienceInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang 110000People’s Republic of China Department of Resource and Environmental Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039People’s Republic of China Yellow River Floodplain Ecosystems Research Station Department of Life SciencesHenan UniversityJinming AvenueKaifengHenan 475001People’s Republic of China Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168People’s Republic of China

In addition to bacteria,the contribution of fungi to nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)production has been recognized but the responses of these two broad and unrelated groups of microorganisms to global environmental changes,atmospheric nitrogen(N)deposition,and precipitation in terms of N_(2)O production are *** studied how these two microbial-mediated N_(2)O production pathways responded to soil moisture conditions and to N addition in an N-limited temperate *** from a long-term N addition experiment in Changbai Mountain,northeastern China were *** concentrations of cycloheximide and streptomycin,both inhibitors of fungal and bacterial activity,were used to determine the contributions of both to N_(2)O production in 66%,98%and 130%water-filled pore spaces(WFPS).The results showed that N_(2)O production decreased significantly with increasing cycloheximide concentration whereas streptomycin was only inhibiting N_(2)O emissions at 98%and 130%*** bacterial pathway of N_(2)O production in N-addition(Nadd)soil was significantly more dominant than that in untreated(Namb)*** difference in the fungal pathway of N_(2)O production between the soil with nitrogen addition and the untreated soil was not *** N_(2)O emissions increased with increasing soil moisture,especially at 130%WFPS,a completely flooded *** dominated carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and N_(2)O emissions in Nadd soil and at 130%WFPS regardless of N status,while fungi dominated CO_(2)and N_(2)O emissions in soil without N addition at 66%and 98%*** results suggest that flooded soil is an important source of N_(2)O emissions and that bacteria might be better adapted to compete in fertile soils under anoxic conditions.

关键词： Nitrous oxide Fungi Bacteria Nitrogen addition Soil moisture conditions

Light grazing alleviates aeolian erosion–deposition effects on microbial communities in a semi-arid grassland

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 148-164页

作者： Mingming Cui Biqi Bao Yipu Wu Nan Hui Mai-He Li Shiqiang Wan Shijie Han Feirong Ren junqiang zheng International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology School of Life Sciences Henan University Yellow River Floodplain Ecosystems Research Station School of Life Sciences Henan University School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Forest Dynam-ics Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of Education School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal University School of Life Science Hebei University

Background Soil erosion affects the stability of terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem services by directly or indirectly impacting the cycling of soil materials and energy and reducing the fertility of grassland soils. However, research on microbial adaptation to grazing and soil erosion is limited, particularly in relation to grassland ecosystem restora-tion. Here, we assess microbial communities subjected to simulated soil erosion and grazing in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, *** No significant change was observed in soil variables. However, the structure of the soil microbial commu-nity underwent significant changes as a result of soil erosion and soil erosion plus grazing, leading to a significant increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria(116.80% vs 116.38%). Wind erosion and deposition contributed to an increase in the network complexity of soil bacterial and fungal communities. However, much of this effect was alleviated by grazing. Simultaneously, aeolian processes and grazing regulate soil microbial community assembly, leading to inconsistent patterns of change in bacterial and fungal communities. Under wind erosion and deposi-tion, the relative contribution of deterministic processes(4.44% vs 31.11%) in bacterial communities increased, while the relative contribution of stochastic processes(2.23% vs 20%) in fungal communities reduced. Grazing resulted in a decrease in the relative contribution of deterministic processes(8.89%) in the bacterial community and an increase in the relative contribution of stochastic processes(8.89%) in the fungal *** This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the response of soil microbial communities to aeolian erosion–deposition and grazing in a semi-arid grassland. Our findings indicate that microbial communities in the semi-arid grassland show resistance to external disturbances and that light grazing mitigates the effects of aeo-lian erosion–deposition on microbial co

关键词： Semi-arid grassland Erosion Grazing Soil microbial community network Deposition

Improvement Torque Performances of Interior Permanent-Magnet Machines

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2019年第1期3卷 12-18页

作者： junqiang zheng Wenxiang Zhao Christopher H.T.Lee Jinghua Ji Gaohong Xu School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

Due to their excellent efficiency,power density and constant power speed region,interior permanent-magnet(IPM)machines are very suitable for electric vehicles(EVs).This paper proposed a new IPM rotor topology,which can offer high reluctance torque,wide constant power speed range and excellent overload ***,five rotor topologies with integral-slot distributed-windings IPM machines,including four existing IPM topologies and the proposed IPM topology,are designed *** characteristics,which include d-q axis inductances,saliency ratios,electromagnetic torques,corresponding torque ripples,back-electromotive forces(EMFs),overload capabilities and flux weakening performances are evaluated ***,a three phase 48s8p hybrid rotor PM machine is built to verify the performances of the proposed IPM *** work provides some general concepts for machine developers who are willing to build IPM machines for high-performance EV applications.

关键词： Flux weakening finite-element analysis(FEA) interior permanent-magnet brushless machine reluctance torque inductance.