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Effect of Methylprednisolone on Mortality and Clinical Courses in Patients with Severe CoVID-19: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2023年第1期3卷 20-28页

作者： Xiaoyan Li Xin Yuan Zhe Xu Lei Shi Lei Huang Xuechun Lu junliang fu Medical School of Chinese PLA Beijing 100853China Senior Department of Infectious Diseases the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing 100039China Department of Hematology the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China.

Background Whether methylprednisolone therapy can reduce the mortality rate of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)remains controversial,and its effects on the length of hospital stay and virus shedding time are also unknown.This retrospective study investigates the previous issues to provide more evidence for methylprednisolone treatment in severe COVID-19.Methods This retrospective study included 563 of 4827 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital or Wuhan Guanggu Hospital between February 3,2020 and March 30,2020 who met the screening criteria.The participants’epidemiological and demographic data,comorbidities,laboratory test results,treatments,outcomes,and vital clinical time points were extracted from electronic medical records.The primary outcome was in-hospital death,and the secondary outcomes were 2 clinical courses:length from admission to viral clearance and discharge.Univariate and multivariate logistic or linear regression analyses were used to assess the role of methylprednisolone in different outcomes.Propensity score matching was performed to control for confounding factors.Results Of the 563 patients who met the screening criteria and were included in the subsequent analysis,138 were included in the methylprednisolone group and 425 in the nonmethylprednisolone group.The in-hospital death rate between the methylprednisolone and nonmethylprednisolone groups showed a significant difference(23.91%vs.1.65%,Pfurther multivariate logistic regression analysis found comorbidities(OR,3.327;95%CI,1.702 to 6.501;P<0.001),lower lymphocyte count(OR,0.076;95%CI,0.012 to 0.461;P=0.005),higher lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)levels(OR,1.008;95%CI,1.003 to

关键词： COVID-19 Clinical courses In-hospital death Methylprednisolone SARS-CoV-2

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Effect of methylprednisolone therapy on hospital stay and viral clearance in patients with moderate COVID-19

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第4期1卷 236-244页

作者： Xiaoyan Li Xin Yuan Zhe Xu Lei Huang Lei Shi Xuechun Lu fu-Sheng Wang junliang fu Medical School of Chinese PLA BeijingChina Senior Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases BeijingChina Department of Hematology the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Background:The benefits and harms of methylprednisolone treatment in patients with moderate coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)remain controversial.In this study,we investigated the effect of methylprednisolone on mortality rate,viral clearance,and hospitalization stay in patients with moderate COVID-19.Methods:This retrospective study included 4827 patients admitted to Wuhan Huoshenshan and Wuhan Guanggu hospitals from February to March 2020 diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia.The participants’epidemiological and demographic data,comorbidities,laboratory test results,treatments,outcomes,and vital clinical time points were extracted from electronic medical records.The primary outcome was in-hospital death;secondary outcomes were time from admission to viral clearance and hospital stay.Univariate and multivariate logistic or linear regression analysis were used to assess the roles of methylprednisolone in different outcomes.The propensity score matching(PSM)method was used to control for confounding factors.Results:A total of 1320 patients were included in this study,of whom 100 received methylprednisolone.Overall,in-hospital mortality was 0.91%(12/1320);the 12 patients who died were all in the methylprednisolone group,though multivariate logistic regression analysis showed methylprednisolone treatment was not a risk factor for in-hospital death in moderate patients before or after adjustment for confounders by PSM.Methylprednisolone treatment was correlated with longer length from admission to viral clearance time and hospital stay before and after adjustment for confounders.Conclusions:Methylprednisolone therapy was not associated with increased in-hospital mortality but with delayed viral clearance and extended hospital stay in moderate COVID-19 patients.

关键词： COVID-19 Hospital stay In-hospital death Moderate Viral clearance

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Legionella sainthelensi Pneumonia with Abdominal Symptoms as Prominent Manifestations:A Case Report

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2022年第4期2卷 285-288页

作者： Xin Yuan Fanglin Meng Xinting Yu Changqing Bai Rui Jia Fanping Meng fu-sheng Wang junliang fu Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Senior Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Senior Department of Infectious Diseases the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China

Fewstudies have reported Legionella sainthelensi infection.This infection primarily presents with respiratorymanifestations.Here,we report an immunocompromised patient with cavitary pneumonia caused by L.sainthelensi who mainly had abdominal symptoms.The timely administration of moxifloxacin provided clinical improvement and resolution of symptoms.To our knowledge,this is one of the rare cases of L.sainthelensi infection presenting uniquelywith abdominal distension and liver function impairment butwithout obvious respiratory symptoms.

关键词： Next-generation sequencing Abdominal distension Cavitary pneumonia Legionella sainthelensi

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Meta-analysis of the immunogenicity of standard and booster SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease and post-liver transplantation

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2023年第2期2卷 61-77页

作者： Wen-Xin Wang Jitao Wang Rui Jia Silvia Martini Jiaye Liu Yifei Huang fu-Sheng Wang Xiaolong Qi junliang fu Senior Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijingChina Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School BeijingChina CHESS-COVID-19 Group Xingtai People's HospitalXingtaiHebeiChina Department of Gastroenterology The 985th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLATaiyuanShanxiChina Neonatal Intensive Care Unit AOU BolognaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly CHESS Center Institute of Portal HypertensionThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina Center of Portal Hypertension Department of RadiologyZhongda HospitalMedical SchoolSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Aims:Patients with liver disease may exhibit higher infection rates and mortality rates from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)than healthy individuals,and vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is an effective prevention strategy.This metaanalysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with chronic liver disease(CLD)and post-liver transplantation(LT).Methods:The PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane databases were searched.A random-effects model meta-analysis was used to determine the seropositivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies,odds ratio(OR)compared with healthy controls(HC),risk ratio(RR)between the booster and standard vaccination regimen,and the rate of adverse reactions(ADR).Results:In the standard vaccination regimen analysis,17 controlled articles were included for effectiveness analysis,and six articles for ADR analysis.The pooled seropositivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with CLD and post-LT were 93.3%(95%confidence interval[CI]:89.0%-97.6%)and 69.1%(95%CI:63.0%-75.3%),respectively.Both rates were lower than those in HC(p<0.001).The differences remained significant after sorting by detection interval,vaccine type,antibody type,or CLD type.LT recipients showed much lower seropositivity rates of antibodies than patients with CLD(69.1%vs.93.3%)or HC(OR:0.055).The pooled total ADR rate of patients was 24.0%(95%CI:16.2%-31.8%).In the booster vaccination regimen analysis,11 prospective studies were enrolled,and the seropositivity rates of antibodies after the booster dose were increased by 27%compared with those of the standard vaccination regimen(RR:1.27,95%CI:1.15-1.41,p<0.001).Conclusion:Patients with CLD and post-LT can gain protection against COVID-19 from standard vaccines,demonstrating a potentially weaker immunogenic response than HC.Booster vaccines can compensate for this deficiency.Therefore,patients with CLD and post-LT should be prioritized for receiving the COVID-19 booster vaccine.

关键词： COVID‐19 serological testing COVID‐19 vaccine booster shot COVID‐19 vaccines liver diseases liver transplantation

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李继先:不该被忽视的图书馆学人

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四川图书馆学报 2024年第4期 77-82页

作者：付俊良何玲首都体育学院图书馆北京100088 北京语言大学图书馆北京100083

李继先是文华图专1930届毕业生,在校学习期间即参加中华图书馆协会第一次年会提出并通过与图书馆图书互借和图书馆学术用语相关的法案;在图书馆实务和国外图书馆论文译介方面成绩显著,他关注图书馆杂件和小册,是迄今为止唯一一位在这方... 详细信息

李继先是文华图专1930届毕业生,在校学习期间即参加中华图书馆协会第一次年会提出并通过与图书馆图书互借和图书馆学术用语相关的法案;在图书馆实务和国外图书馆论文译介方面成绩显著,他关注图书馆杂件和小册,是迄今为止唯一一位在这方面作过专门研究和详细论述的图书馆学者,推动了我国图书分类法的进步;其与房兆楹协同创办的《图书馆学周刊》是民国时期为数不多的依托报纸发行的图书馆学期刊之一。文章系统梳理了李继先在民国时期的图书馆活动,对助力当代图书馆业务实践及学术研究发展有一定意义。

关键词：李继先文华图专图书馆实践民国图书馆史中华图书馆协会《图书馆学周刊》

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Reversal of B-cell hyperactivation and functional impairment is associated with HBsAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第3期12卷 309-316页

作者： Xiangsheng Xu Qinghua Shang Xinyue Chen Weimin Nie Zhengsheng Zou Ang Huang Ming Meng Lei Jin Ruonan Xu Ji-Yuan Zhang junliang fu Lifeng Wang Zirong Tang Yunbo Xie Xiaoming Yang Zheng Zhang fu-Sheng Wang Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing China Research Center for Biological Therapy The Institute of Translational Hepatology Beijing 302Hospital Beijing 100039 China Department of Infectious Diseases 88th Hospital of PLA Taian Shandong China Department of Infectious Diseases Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Infectious Diseases Beijing 302 Hospital Beijing China Department of Non-infectious Diseases Beijing 302 Hospital Beijing China Institute of Basic Medicine Hebei University Baoding China Xiangsheng Xu and Qinghua Shang have contributed equally to this work.

B cells play an important role in the clearance of hepatitis B virus （HBV） and protection against reinfection. However, the functional characteristics of these cells that are associated with the outcome of chronic HBV infection remain unknown. We comprehensively investigated the frequency, phenotype, and function of peripheral B-cell subsets from CHB patients in different phases： immune tolerance （IT）, immune activation （IA）, immune clearance （IC）, responders with HBsAg seroconversion （resolved patients, RP）, and healthy controls （HC）. IA patients displayed lower percentages of peripheral blood memory B cells compared with the other groups. Overall polyclonal activation of B cells, indicated by higher levels of activation markers and secretion of IgG and IgM, was observed in IA patients. This B-cell hyperactivation could be induced by increased IFN-a and soluble CD40 ligands in IA patients. Notably, the expression of the co-stimulator molecule CD80 and serum HBsAb and the frequency of HBsAg-specific B cells were significantly decreased in IT, IA, and IC patients compared with HC subjects. More importantly, the B-cell hyperactivation, co-stimulatory molecule downregulation and HBsAg-specific B-cell impairment were reversed in RP patients. The reversal of B-cell hyperactivation and functional impairment is associated with HBsAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients.

关键词： Reversal hyperactivation functional

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Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy in patients with COVID-19:a phase 1 clinical trial

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 1010-1016页

作者： Fanping Meng Ruonan Xu Siyu Wang Zhe Xu Chao Zhang Yuanyuan Li Tao Yang Lei Shi junliang fu Tianjun Jiang Lei Huang Peng Zhao Xin Yuan Xing Fan Ji-Yuan Zhang Jinwen Song Dawei Zhang Yanmei Jiao Limin Liu Chunbao Zhou Markus Maeurer Alimuddin Zumla Ming Shi fu-Sheng Wang Department of Infectious Diseases Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijingChina Immunotherapy Programme Champalimaud Centre for the UnknownLisbonPortugal I Med Clinic University of MainzMainzGermany Department of Infection Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK

No effective drug treatments are available for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Host-directed therapies targeting the underlying aberrant immune responses leading to pulmonary tissue damage,death,or long-term functional disability in survivors require clinical evaluation.We performed a parallel assigned controlled,non-randomized,phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)infusions in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 pulmonary disease.The study enrolled 18 hospitalized patients with COVID-19(n=9 for each group).The treatment group received three cycles of intravenous infusion of UC-MSCs(3×107 cells per infusion)on days 0,3,and 6.Both groups received standard COVID-treatment regimens.Adverse events,duration of clinical symptoms,laboratory parameters,length of hospitalization,serial chest computed tomography(CT)images,the PaO2/FiO2 ratio,dynamics of cytokines,and IgG and IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were analyzed.No serious UC-MSCs infusion-associated adverse events were observed.Two patients receiving UC-MSCs developed transient facial flushing and fever,and one patient developed transient hypoxia at 12 h post UC-MSCs transfusion.Mechanical ventilation was required in one patient in the treatment group compared with four in the control group.All patients recovered and were discharged.Our data show that intravenous UC-MSCs infusion in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 is safe and well tolerated.Phase 2/3 randomized,controlled,double-blinded trials with long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate the therapeutic use of UC-MSCs to reduce deaths and improve long-term treatment outcomes in patients with serious COVID-19.

关键词： patients infusion clinical

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Clinical Epidemiology,Illness Profiles,and the Implication of COVID-19 Before and After the Nationwide Omicron Outbreak During the Winter of 2022

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2023年第4期3卷 176-185页

作者： Yuming Guo Zhe Xu Wen-Xin Wang Cheng Zhen Jinhua Hu Jinsong Mu Chengcheng Ji Xin Yuan Ruonan Xu Lei Huang Lei Shi Fanping Meng junliang fu Shuangnan Zhou Siyu Wang Fengyi Li Bo Tu Dawei Zhang Huihuang Huang Yufeng Mao Wen Xu Chao Zhang Xiuying Mu Jun Zhao Bo Jin Haibin Su Yinying Lu Yongqian Cheng Dong Ji Shaoli You Jinghui Dong Changchun Liu Mengmeng Zhang Yuanyuan Li Tianjun Jiang Yonggang Li fu-Sheng Wang Senior Department of Infectious Diseases the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA)General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Senior Department of Hepatology the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Institute of Intensive Care Unit the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA HospitalBeijing 100039China Comprehensive Liver Cancer the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Geriatrics the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Radiology the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China

China.In this study,we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the Beijing region.Methods:In this retrospective study,we enrolled inpatients admitted for COVID-19 in the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing between November 10,2022,and January 30,2023.Demographic and clinical features and treatment outcomeswere comprehensively analyzed.We used logistic regression and linear regression analyses to explore the risk factors associated with disease severity and time of nucleic acid conversion,respectively.Results:A total of 1010 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled.The median age was 43.0 years(interquartile range,28.0–63.0),and patients aged7 pg/mL,lactic dehydrogenase level>245 U/L,cough,and fever at admission.Age≥80 years and chronic lung diseasewere independent risk factors in the nonmild group in elderly patients.In addition,the duration for nucleic acid to turn negativewas approximately 5.0 d(interquartile range,3.0–7.0).Prolonged time of nucleic acid conversion was associated with age≥60 years,serum urea nitrogen level>8.2 mmol/L,neutrophil count>7×10^(9)/L,and the pr

关键词： Beijing COVID-19 Disease severity Elderly Nucleic acid conversion Omicron variant

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Prevalence and risk factors for minimal hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with different etiologies

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2023年第4期2卷 171-180页

作者： Xiaoyan Li Shanghao Liu Huiling Xiang Qingge Zhang Ying Guo Hongmei Zu Jing Wang Jiaojian Lv Xiaoning Zhang Fanping Meng Jiahuan Li Jie Li Yangzhen Bianba Jia Shang Guo Zhang Fei Liu Zhaowei Tong Chuang Lei Wei Ye Qiaohua Yang Ningning Wang Ying Song Wei fu Ziyue Li Yanjing Gao Yongping Zhang Jiafang Chen Caiyun Wu Qi Zheng Fang Wang Jiali Yu Lianjie Lin Chuanlong Yang Xiaoting Yang Xiaomin Ye Xiangmei Wang Xuelan Zhao Xiaolong Qi fusheng Wang junliang fu Medical School of Chinese PLA BeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina The First School of Clinical Medicine of Lanzhou University LanzhouGansuChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Third Central HospitalInstitute of Hepatobiliary DiseaseTianjinChina Hepatology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Xingtai People's HospitalXingtaiHebeiChina Department of Hepatology The Third people's Hospital of TaiyuanTaiyuanShanxiChina Department of Gastroenterology The Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai ProvinceXiningQinghaiChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical CollegeBaotouInner MongoniaChina Department of Infectious Disease Lishui City People's HospitalLishuiZhejiangChina Department of Infectious Diseases Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina Department of Infectious Diseases Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Hepatology The Third People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous RegionLhasaXizangChina Department of Infectious Diseases Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina Department of Gastroenterology The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Department of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Huzhou Central HospitalHuzhouZhejiangChina Department of Infectious Diseases The First People's Hospital of Changde CityChangdeHunanChina Liver Cirrhosis Treatment Center Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina Hepatology Department of Infectious Diseases Cent

Aims:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)significantly affects the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis.This study was performed to determine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of MHE among patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and whether the etiology directly influences the occurrence of MHE.Methods:This multicenter,cross-sectional study enrolled 1879 patients with confirmed cirrhosis at 40 hospitals from October 25,2021,to January 10,2023(Trial registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/[NCT05140837]).The patients'demographics,etiologies of cirrhosis,and laboratory test results were collected.The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES)was determined in all patients to screen for MHE.Multivariate logistic analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for MHE.Results:In total,736 patients with cirrhosis were analyzed.The prevalence of MHE was 42.0%(n=309).The primary etiology among all patients was hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related cirrhosis(71.9%[529/736]).The prevalence of MHE was significantly higher in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis(57.1%[40/70])than in those with HBV-related cirrhosis(40.6%[215/529],p=0.009)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis(38.2%[26/68],p=0.026).Age(odds ratio[OR],1.042;95%confidence interval[CI],1.024-1.059;p<0.001),duration of education(OR,0.935;95%CI,0.899-0.971;p=0.001),etiology(OR,1.740;95%CI,1.028-2.945;p=0.039),and high MELD-Na scores(OR,1.038;95%CI,1.009-1.067;p=0.009)were independent risk factors for MHE.When patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies were analyzed separately,the results showed that age(OR,1.035;95%CI,1.014-1.057;p=0.001)and duration of education(OR,0.924;95%CI,0.883-0.966;p=0.001)were risk factors for MHE among patients with HBV-related cirrhosis,whereas age(OR,1.138;95%CI,1.033-1.254;p=0.009)and creatinine concentration(OR,16.487;95%CI,1.113-244.160;p=0.042)were risk factors for MHE in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis.No risk factors for MHE were found in patients with autoimmune cirrhosis.For patients with alco

关键词： etiology liver cirrhosis minimal hepatic encephalopathy psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score risk factors

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Efficient NO_x abatement by passive adsorption over a Pd-SAPO-34 catalyst prepared by solid-state ion exchange

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 210-213页

作者： Linhui Liu Wuwan Xiong Mingli fu junliang Wu Zhenguo Li Daiqi Ye Peirong Chen National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution ControlSchool of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China

Palladium-exchanged chabazite(Pd-CHA) zeolites as passive NO_x adsorbers(PNAs) enable efficient purification of nitrogen oxides(NO_x) in cold-start diesel exhausts. Their commercial application, however,is limited by the lack of facile preparation method. Here, high-performance CHA-type Pd-SAPO-34 zeolite was synthesized by a modified solid-state ion exchange(SSIE) method using PdO as Pd precursor,and demonstrated superior PNA performance as compared to Pd-SAPO-34 prepared by conventional wetchemistry strategies. Structural characterization using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed that the SSIE method avoided water-induced damage to the zeolite framework during Pd loading. Mechanistic investigations on the SSIE process by in situ infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy disclosed that, while PdO precursor was mainly converted to Pd^(2+) cations coordinated to the zeolite framework by consuming the-OH groups of the zeolite, a portion of PdO could also undergo thermal decomposition to form highly dispersed Pd~0 clusters in the pore channels. This simplified and scalable SSIE method paves a new way for the cost-effective synthesis of defect-free high-performance Pd-SAPO-34 zeolites as PNA catalysts.

关键词： Pd-SAPO-34 Passive NO_x adsorber Pd loading Solid-state ion exchange Pd transformation

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