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Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded into a composite conduit promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 900-907页

作者： Haoshuai Tang junjin Li Hongda wang Jie Ren Han Ding Jun Shang Min wang Zhijian Wei Shiqing Feng Department of Othopaedics Tianjin Medical University General Hospital International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord InjuryDepartment of OrthopedicsTianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment Tianjin Lung Cancer InstituteTianjin Medical University General Hospital Department of Othopaedics Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong University Centre for OthopedicsAdvanced Medical Research InstituteShandong University Orthopedic Research Center of Shandong University&Advanced Medical Research Institute Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong University

Complete transverse injury of peripheral nerves is challenging to treat.Exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are considered to play an important role in intercellular communication and regulate tissue regeneration.In previous studies,a collagen/hyaluronic acid sponge was shown to provide a suitable regeneration environment for Schwann cell proliferation and to promote axonal regeneration.This three-dimensional(3D)composite conduit contains a collagen/hyaluronic acid inner sponge enclosed in an electrospun hollow poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)tube.However,whether there is a synergy between the 3D composite conduit and exosomes in the repair of peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.In this study,we tested a comprehensive strategy for repairing long-gap(10 mm)peripheral nerve injury that combined the 3D composite conduit with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.Repair effectiveness was evaluated by sciatic functional index,sciatic nerve compound muscle action potential recording,recovery of muscle mass,measuring the cross-sectional area of the muscle fiber,Masson trichrome staining,and transmission electron microscopy of the regenerated nerve in rats.The results showed that transplantation of the 3D composite conduit loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promoted peripheral nerve regeneration and restoration of motor function,similar to autograft transplantation.More CD31-positive endothelial cells were observed in the regenerated nerve after transplantation of the loaded conduit than after transplantation of the conduit without exosomes,which may have contributed to the observed increase in axon regeneration and distal nerve reconnection.Therefore,the use of a 3D composite conduit loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes represents a promising cell-free therapeutic option for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.

关键词： axon growth collagen exosome human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells hyaluronic acid muscular atrophy nerve guidance conduits peripheral nerve regeneration

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Crosstalk Between Peripheral Innervation and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第11期39卷 1717-1731页

作者： Bo Ni Yiqing Yin Zekun Li junjin wang Xiuchao wang Kaiyuan wang Department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly aggressive lethal malignancy,characterized by late diagnosis,aggressive growth,and therapy resistance,leading to a poor overall prognosis.Emerging evidence shows that the peripheral nerve is an important non-tumor component in the tumor microenvironment that regulates tumor growth and immune escape.The crosstalk between the neuronal system and PDAC has become a hot research topic that may provide novel mechanisms underlying tumor progression and further uncover promising therapeutic targets.In this review,we highlight the mechanisms of perineural invasion and the role of various types of tumor innervation in the progression of PDAC,summarize the potential signaling pathways modulating the neuronal-cancer interaction,and discuss the current and future therapeutic possibilities for this condition.

关键词： PDAC Cancer-neuroscience Peripheral innervation Pain

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Resilience strategies for sustainable supply chains under budget constraints in the post COVID-19 era

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023年第1期10卷 143-157页

作者： Jiaguo LIU Yumeng XI junjin wang School of Maritime Economics and Management Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused uncertainty risk surges,increased sustainable supply chain vulnerabilities,and challenges to sustainable supply chain resilience(SSCR)management.Therefore,improving SSCR is necessary to alleviate vulnerabilities,and SSCR management must generate large capital investments.However,the economic downturn brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic has made some companies have limited budgets that can be used to improve SSCR.Therefore,the design of resilience solutions needs to fully consider the constraints of budgetary costs.Most of the existing related literature only discusses optimal resilience solutions under certain cost constraints,so such resilience solutions cannot be applied to most enterprises.In this study,we set the cost constraint as a variable quantity,using resilience efficiency and customer satisfaction as indicators,to determine the changing laws of optimal resilience strategies when cost constraints change.These rules can be applied to enterprises with different budgeted costs.Our findings suggest that companies should prioritize sacrificing resilience measures(RMs)related to adaptive capacity when budget costs gradually decline,and RMs related to absorptive capacity are indispensable at all budget levels.Furthermore,the pursuit of environmental and social sustainability cannot be abandoned,no matter how limited the flexible budget may be.

关键词： sustainable supply chain customer requirement resilience efficiency customer satisfaction budget constraint

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Evolution model and failure mechanisms of rainfall-induced cracked red clay slopes:insights from Xinshao County,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 867-881页

作者： JIAO Weizhi ZHANG Ming LI Peng XIE junjin PANG Haisong LIU Fuxing YANG Long Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Red clay landslides are widely distributed worldwide,resulting in severe loss of life and property.Although rainfall-induced red clay slopes have received extensive attention,the role of cracks in the evolutionary process of red clay slopes and their connection to failure mechanisms is still poorly understood.A comprehensive approach integrating field investigation,laboratory tests,and numerical simulations was conducted to study the 168 red clay landslides in Xinshao County,China.The results show that red clay is prone to forming cracks at high moisture content due to its low swelling and high shrinkage properties.The failure mode of red clay slopes can be summarized in three stages:crack generation,slope excavation,and slope failure.Furthermore,the retrospective analysis and numerical simulations of the typical landslide in Guanchong indicated that intense rainfall primarily impacts the shallow layer of soil within approximately 0.5 m on the intact slope.However,cracks change the pattern of rainfall infiltration in the slope.Rainwater infiltrates rapidly through the preferential channels induced by the cracks rather than uniformly and slowly from the slope surface.This results in a significant increase in both the depth of infiltration and the saturated zone area of the cracked slope,reaching 3.8 m and 36.2 m^(2),respectively.Consequently,the factor of safety of the slope decreases by 13.4%compared to the intact slope,ultimately triggering landslides.This study can provide valuable insights into understanding the failure mechanisms of red clay slopes in China and other regions with similar geological settings.

关键词： Red clay slopes Cracks Preferential flow Failure mechanism

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Preoperative ultrasound combined with routine blood tests in predicting the malignant risk of pancreatic cystic neoplasms

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第10期19卷 1503-1516页

作者： Xiuchao wang junjin wang Xi Wei Lihui Zhao Bo Ni Zekun Li Chuntao Gao Song Gao Tiansuo Zhao Jian wang Weidong Ma Xiao Hu Jihui Hao Department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China

Objective:Accurate preoperative identification of benign or malignant pancreatic cystic neoplasms(PCN)may help clinicians make better intervention choices and will be essential for individualized treatment.Methods:Preoperative ultrasound and laboratory examination findings,and demographic characteristics were collected from patients.Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors associated with malignant PCN,which were then included in the nomogram and validated with an external cohort.The Net Reclassification Index(NRI)and Integrated Discrimination Improvement(IDI)were calculated to evaluate the improvement in the predictive power of the new model with respect to that of a combined imaging and tumor marker prediction model.Results:Malignant PCN were found in 83(40.7%)and 33(38.7%)of the model and validation cohorts,respectively.Multivariate analysis identified age,tumor location,imaging of tumor boundary,blood type,mean hemoglobin concentration,neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio,carbohydrate antigen 19-9,and carcinoembryonic antigen as independent risk factors for malignant PCN.The calibration curve indicated that the predictions based on the nomogram were in excellent agreement with the actual observations.A nomogram score cutoff of 192.5 classified patients as having low vs.high risk of malignant PCN.The model achieved good C-statistics of 0.929(95%CI 0.890–0.968,Pwangjunjinnomogram.***.io/DynNomapp/.

关键词： Pancreatic cystic neoplasms malignancy prediction nomogram ultrasound blood routine

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供应中断风险下具有质量差异的产品组合定价与采购策略

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系统工程理论与实践 2024年第3期44卷 1068-1082页

作者：王军进张白羽刘家国大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院大连116026

针对高质量的制造商品牌相比低质量的零售商自有品牌更易遭受供应中断的现象,构建一个零售商“订购+销售”的两阶段博弈模型,考虑产品质量、采购成本及供应稳定的三维异质性,探究制造商品牌+自有品牌产品组合的定价与采购策略.研究结果... 详细信息

针对高质量的制造商品牌相比低质量的零售商自有品牌更易遭受供应中断的现象,构建一个零售商“订购+销售”的两阶段博弈模型,考虑产品质量、采购成本及供应稳定的三维异质性,探究制造商品牌+自有品牌产品组合的定价与采购策略.研究结果表明,当制造商品牌无法交付时,若产品质量差异较大,与两种产品均交付的情况相比,零售商通常会降低自有品牌的销售价格,采购更多的自有品牌与更少的制造商品牌从而减轻供应中断风险的负面影响.随着供应不确定性的升高,零售商对自有品牌的订购量进一步增大,可能会出现自有品牌的库存现象;有趣的是,当产品质量差异较小时,零售商会围绕制造商品牌制定销售策略,面对更高的供应中断风险反而会增加制造商品牌的订购,通过提高自有品牌的销售价格,诱导消费者购买更多的制造商品牌.

关键词：质量差异供应中断制造商品牌自有品牌定价与采购

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中国气候对外援助:一项制度分析

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太平洋学报 2024年第4期32卷 44-59页

作者：曹俊金同济大学上海200092 上海政法学院上海201701

气候对外援助是中国南南合作的新兴领域,也是参与全球气候治理的重要方式。中国的气候对外援助制度根植于中国特色社会主义制度,其内部形成了以组织性制度、引导性制度与规制性制度为核心的“三维结构”。中国的气候对外援助面临大国政... 详细信息

气候对外援助是中国南南合作的新兴领域,也是参与全球气候治理的重要方式。中国的气候对外援助制度根植于中国特色社会主义制度,其内部形成了以组织性制度、引导性制度与规制性制度为核心的“三维结构”。中国的气候对外援助面临大国政治经济角力升级、全球经济下行压力增大、全球气候治理模式转型等新形势,需要以完善的气候援助制度贡献大国气候外交、保障气候资源供给、应对全球气候威胁。但气候对外援助制度仍然存在短板与不足,需要从组织性制度、引导性制度、规制性制度等不同维度予以优化。气候对外援助制度理论分析和制度优化方案可以为对外援助其他具体领域提供制度理论进路或方案选择,也可为完善对外援助制度提供制度经验。

关键词：气候对外援助气候变化对外援助应对气候变化南南合作制度分析

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基于RAMMS数值模拟的短时强降雨型泥石流危险性评价

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地质科技通报 2024年第2期43卷 215-225页

作者：庞海松谢骏锦张小明王官贺张明中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院武汉430074 浙江省工程物探勘察设计院有限公司杭州310005

浙江省由短时强降雨诱发的泥石流灾害频发,严重威胁当地居民的生命财产安全,因此对此类泥石流进行危险性评价对浙江省“灾害智治”工作具有十分重要的理论与实际应用价值。为研究浙江短时强降雨诱发小型泥石流的危险性,选取武山坑泥石... 详细信息

浙江省由短时强降雨诱发的泥石流灾害频发,严重威胁当地居民的生命财产安全,因此对此类泥石流进行危险性评价对浙江省“灾害智治”工作具有十分重要的理论与实际应用价值。为研究浙江短时强降雨诱发小型泥石流的危险性,选取武山坑泥石流为对象,通过现场调查、三维倾斜摄影与数值模拟等手段,查明了武山坑泥石流的地质环境与发育特征,揭示了由短时强降雨诱发的泥石流灾害链生过程特征,选用RAMMS软件对不同降雨频率下泥石流运动特征进行了模拟,获取了泥石流深度、流速、堆积范围等特征参数,并基于特征参数进行了泥石流危险性评价。研究结果表明:陡坡处松散岩土体在短时强降雨作用下发生浅层滑坡,随后在坡面与沟道地形控制下向沟口运移,运动过程中通过侵蚀作用扩大泥石流规模,最终在宽缓堆积区沉积。随着研究区降雨强度增大至50 a一遇及100 a一遇,泥石流冲出规模扩大,但受限于堆积区宽缓的地形条件,未能于沟口形成有效冲出;但堆积扇上游居民区泥石流深度、流速等强度指标显著增大,堆积区内高强度区域面积大小由7276 m^(2)增大至12660 m^(2)。结合泥石流活跃性分析结果,采取形成区雨量监测、主沟谷流通区构建刚性、柔性或狭缝拦挡坝以及堆积区设置导流渠相结合的治理措施,可有效保障居民生命财产安全。研究成果可为武山坑及浙江省此类泥石流危险性评价、防治工程设计提供参考。

关键词：短临强降雨泥石流灾害链 RAMMS 危险性评价

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超声引导下高位髂筋膜间隙阻滞对老年髋部骨折手术患者麻醉及镇痛效果的影响

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中国基层医药 2024年第6期31卷 874-879页

作者：刘堂林汪敏邵军进吴凯华王丽萍东阳市人民医院麻醉科东阳312100

目的观察超声引导下高位髂筋膜间隙阻滞(FICB)对老年髋部骨折手术患者麻醉及镇痛效果。方法选择2022年1月至2023年10月东阳市人民医院骨科收治的老年髋部骨折手术患者120例为研究对象,采用前瞻性对照研究方法,按照随机数字表法分成常规... 详细信息

目的观察超声引导下高位髂筋膜间隙阻滞(FICB)对老年髋部骨折手术患者麻醉及镇痛效果。方法选择2022年1月至2023年10月东阳市人民医院骨科收治的老年髋部骨折手术患者120例为研究对象,采用前瞻性对照研究方法,按照随机数字表法分成常规组与高位组,常规组(60例)于入手术室前30 min行超声引导下常规FICB,高位组(60例)于入手术室前30 min行超声引导下高位FICB。观察两组的神经阻滞起效时间(股神经、股外侧皮神经、闭孔神经)、不同时间点[神经阻滞前(T0)、入手术室时(T1)、摆放麻醉体位时(T2)、麻醉完成后(T3)]的血流动力学指标(心率、平均动脉压)、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]变化情况,神经阻滞前(T0)、麻醉完成后(T3)的疼痛递质指标(前列腺素E2、5-羟色胺)变化情况。结果高位组股神经、股外侧皮神经、闭孔神经的起效时间均短于常规组[(4.02±1.16)min、(4.55±1.29)min、(7.71±2.02)min比(5.15±1.42)min、(6.62±1.78)min、(12.24±3.68)min](t=4.77、7.29、8.35,均P<0.001);高位组T1、T2的心率、平均动脉压均高于常规组[(77.55±9.19)次/min、(75.54±9.37)次/min、(95.62±10.51)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、(92.72±11.44)mmHg比(74.62±9.68)次/min、(72.41±9.36)次/min、(92.36±10.04)mmHg、(88.24±11.35)mmHg](t=1.70、1.82、1.73、2.15,P=0.046、0.035、0.042、0.017);高位组T1、T2的VAS评分均低于常规组[(3.05±0.61)分、(3.44±0.89)分比(3.72±0.67)分、(4.29±1.06)分](t=5.73、4.76,均P<0.001);高位组T3的前列腺素E2、5-羟色胺均低于常规组[(35.38±6.12)mg/L、(0.59±0.09)μmol/L比(44.91±6.72)mg/L、(0.63±0.13)μmol/L](t=8.12、1.96,P<0.001、P=0.026)。结论超声引导下高位FICB在老年髋部骨折手术患者麻醉中的应用效果较好,能够缩短神经阻滞起效时间,稳定血流动力学指标,减轻疼痛。

关键词：髋骨折神经传导阻滞麻醉和镇痛心率动脉压疼痛测定前列腺素E类超声检查,介入性老年人

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神经机器翻译综述

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计算机工程与应用 2024年第4期60卷 57-74页

作者：章钧津田永红宋哲煜郝宇峰内蒙古工业大学数据科学与应用学院呼和浩特010080

机器翻译主要研究如何将源语言翻译为目标语言,对于促进民族之间的交流具有重要意义。目前神经机器翻译凭借翻译速度和译文质量成为主流的机器翻译方法。为更好地进行脉络梳理,首先对机器翻译的历史和方法进行研究,并对基于规则的机器... 详细信息

机器翻译主要研究如何将源语言翻译为目标语言,对于促进民族之间的交流具有重要意义。目前神经机器翻译凭借翻译速度和译文质量成为主流的机器翻译方法。为更好地进行脉络梳理,首先对机器翻译的历史和方法进行研究,并对基于规则的机器翻译、基于统计的机器翻译和基于深度学习的机器翻译三种方法进行对比总结;然后引出神经机器翻译,并对其常见的类型进行讲解;接着选取多模态机器翻译、非自回归机器翻译、篇章级机器翻译、多语言机器翻译、数据增强技术和预训练模型六个主要的神经机器翻译研究领域进行重点介绍;最后从低资源语言、上下文相关翻译、未登录词和大模型四个方面对神经机器翻译的未来进行了展望。通过系统性的介绍以更好地理解神经机器翻译的发展现状。

关键词：机器翻译神经机器翻译篇章级机器翻译数据增强预处理技术

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