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Current Trends in Pickering Emulsions: Particle Morphology and Applications

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Engineering 2020年第4期6卷 468-482页

作者： Danae Gonzalez Ortiz Celine Pochat-Bohatier julien Cambedouzou Mikhael Bechelany Philippe Miele Institut Européen des Membranes UMR 5635CNRSENSCMUniversity of MontpellierMontpellier 34095France ICSM CEACNRSENSCMUniversity of MontpellierMarcoule 30207France Institut Universitaire de France Paris 75231France

In recent years,Pickering emulsions and their applications have attracted a great deal of attention due to their special features,which include easy preparation and enhanced *** contrast to classical emulsions,in Pickering emulsions,solid microparticles or nanoparticles that localize at the interface between liquids are used as stabilizers,instead of surfactants,to enhance the droplet ***,Pickering emulsions show higher stability,lower toxicity,and stimuli-responsiveness,compared with emulsions that are stabilized by ***,they can be considered attractive components for various uses,such as photocatalysis and the preparation of new ***,the nanoparticle morphology strongly influences Pickering emulsion stability as well as the potential utilization of such ***,we review recent findings concerning Pickering emulsions,with a particular focus on how the nanoparticles morphology(i.e.,cube,ellipsoid,nanosheet,sphere,cylinder,rod,peanut)influences the type and stability of such emulsions,and their current applications in different fields such as antibacterial activity,protein recognition,catalysis,photocatalysis,and water purification.

关键词： Pickering emulsions Particle morphology Two-dimensional nanoparticles Photocatalysis Water filtration

A visual analytics workflow for probabilistic modeling

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Visual Informatics 2023年第2期7卷 72-84页

作者： julien Klaus Mark Blacher Andreas Goral Philipp Lucas Joachim Giesen Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany

Probabilistic programming is a powerful means for formally specifying machine learning *** inference engine of a probabilistic programming environment can be used for serving complex queries on these *** of the current research in probabilistic programming is dedicated to the design and implementation of highly efficient inference *** less research aims at making the power of these inference engines accessible to non-expert *** programming means writing *** many potential users from promising application areas such as the social sciences lack programming *** prompted recent efforts in synthesizing probabilistic programs directly from ***,working with synthesized programs still requires the user to read,understand,and write some code,for instance,when invoking the inference engine for answering ***,we present an interactive visual approach to synthesizing and querying probabilistic programs that does not require the user to read or write code.

关键词： Probabilistic inference Bayesian network Structured query language Table-based visualization

Variation in mantle lithology and composition beneath the Ngao Bilta volcano,Adamawa Massif,Cameroon volcanic line,West-central Africa

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 665-677页

作者： Robert Temdjim Merlin Patrick Njombie Wagsong Arnold julien Nzakou Tsepeng Stephen Foley Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box.812 YaoundeCameroon Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNSW2109Australia

Mantle peridotites entrained as xenoliths in the lavas of Ngao Bilta in the eastern branch of the continental Cameroon Line were examined to constrain mantle processes and the origin and nature of melts that have modified the upper mantle beneath the Cameroon *** xenoliths consist mainly of lherzolite with subordinate harzburgite and *** commonly contain olivine,orthopyroxene,clinopyroxene and spinel although the dunite is *** is an essential constituent in the *** chemistry differs between the three types of peridotite:olivines have usual mantle-like Mg#of around 90 in lherzolites,but follow a trend of decreasing Mg#(to 82)and NiO(to 0.06 wt.%)that is continuous in the *** also contain orthopyroxenes and/or clinopyroxenes with low-Mg#,indicating a reaction that removes Opx and introduces Cpx,olivine,amphibole and *** is attributed to reaction with a silica-undersaturated silicate melt such as nephelinite or basanite,which originated as a low-degree melt from a depleted source as indicated by low Al2O3 and Na2O in Cpx and high Na2O/K2O in *** estimates place the xenoliths at pressures of 11–15 kbar(35–50 km)and temperatures of 863–957C,along a dynamic rift geotherm and shallower than the region where carbonate melts may *** melt/rock reactions exhibited by the Ngao Bilta xenoliths are consistent with their peripheral position in the eastern branch of the Cameroon Volcanic Line in an area of thinned crust and lithosphere beneath the Adamawa Uplift.

关键词： Cameroon volcanic line Adamawa volcanic massif Peridotite xenoliths Partial melting Melt-rock reactions

Spatial evolution of friction of a textured wafer surface

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Friction 2013年第1期1卷 92-97页

作者： Huaping XIAO Ke WANG Grant FOX Michel BELIN julien FONTAINE Hong LIANG Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA Ecole Centrale de Lyon/CNRS-UMR 5513 France

Mechanical failure of integrated circuits and micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS)demands new understanding of friction in small *** present research,we demonstrated an in situ approach to measure sliding friction of a patterned surface composing multi-materials and *** effects of materials and surface morphology on friction and electrical contact resistance were *** material transfer at the interface of dissimilar materials was found to play dominating roles in *** current work provides important insights from the fundamentals of friction that benefit the design of new micro-devices.

关键词： micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS) patterned wafers friction transfer wear electrical contact resistance

Dispersal syndrome and landscape fragmentation in the salt-marsh specialist spider Erigone longipalpis

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 21-31页

作者： Maxime Dahirel Marie Wullschleger Tristan Berry Solène Croci julien Pétillon Univ Rennes UR1CNRSEcosystèmesBiodiversitéÉvolution(ECOBIO)UMR 6553F-35000 RennesFrance Department of Biology Ghent UniversityB-9000 GhentBelgium Syndicat Mixte de Gestion des Milieux Naturels Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l’Étang NoirF-40510 SeignosseFrance CNRS Universitéde Rennes 2EPHE-PSLUniversitéd’AngersUniversitéde Bretagne OccidentaleUniversitéde Caen NormandieUniversitéde NantesUMR LETGF-35043 RennesFrance Institute for Coastal and Marine Research Nelson Mandela UniversityPort Elizabeth 6031South Africa

Dispersal and its evolution play a key role for population persistence in fragmented landscapes where habitat loss and fragmentation increase the cost of between-habitat *** such contexts,it is important to know how variation in dispersal and other traits is structured,and whether responses to landscape fragmentation are aligned with underlying dispersal-trait correlations,or dispersal ***,therefore,studied trait variation in Erigone longipalpis,a European spider species specialist of(often patchy)salt *** collected spiders in two salt-marsh landscapes differing in habitat *** then reared lab-born spiders for two generations in controlled conditions,and measured dispersal and its association with various key *** longipalpis population densities were lower in the more fragmented *** this,we found no evidence of differences in dispersal,or any other trait we studied,between the two *** a dispersal syndrome was present at the among-individual level(dispersers were more fecund and faster growing,among others),there was no indication it was genetically driven:among-family differences in dispersal were not correlated with differences in other ***,we showed that the observed phenotypic covariations were mostly due to within-family *** hypothesize that the dispersal syndrome is the result of asymmetric food access among siblings,leading to variation in development rates and carrying over to adult *** results show we need to better understand the sources of dispersal variation and syndromes,especially when dispersal may evolve rapidly in response to environmental change.

关键词： context-dependent dispersal habitat loss Linyphiidae phenotypic correlations population density

A comparison of three surface roughness characterization techniques:photogrammetry,pin profiler,and smartphone-based LiDAR

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2422-2439页

作者： Zohreh Alijani julien Meloche Alexander McLaren John Lindsay Alexandre Roy Aaron Berg Department of Geography Environment and GeomaticsUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada Département de Géomatique Appliquée Université de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Département des Sciences de l’Environment Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresTrois-RivièresCanada

Surface roughness plays an important role in microwave remote *** the agricultural domain,surface roughness is crucial for soil moisture retrieval methods that use electromagnetic surface scattering or microwave radiative transfer ***,improved characterization of Soil Surface Roughness(SSR)is of considerable *** this study,three approaches,including a standard pin profiler,a LiDAR point cloud generated from an iPhone 12 Pro,and a Structure from Motion(SfM)photogrammetric point cloud,were applied over 24 surface profiles with different roughness variations to measure surface *** objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of smartphone-based LiDAR technology to measure surface roughness parameters and compare the results of this technique with the more common *** showed that the iPhone LiDAR technology,when point cloud data is captured in a fine-resolution mode,has a significant correlation with SfM photogrammetry(R2=0.70)and a relatively close agreement with pin profiler(R2=0.60).However,this accuracy tends to be greater for random surfaces and rough profiles with row structure *** results of this study confirm that smartphone-based LiDAR can be used as a cost-effective,fast,and time-efficient alternative tool for measuring surface roughness,especially for rough,wide,and inaccessible areas.

关键词： LiDAR surface roughness structure from motion iPhone pin profiler

Portable rainfall simulator for plot-scale investigation of rainfall-runoff,and transport of sediment and pollutants

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第1期34卷 38-47页

作者： julien Boulange Farag Malhat Piyanuch Jaikaew Kazuki Nanko Hirozumi Watanabe Department of International Environmental and Agricultural SciencesGraduate School of AgricultureTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratoryAgriculture Research Center Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering United Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and engineeringKasetsart UniversityChalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Provice Campus Department of Disaster Prevention Meteorology and HydrologyForestry and Forest Products Research Institute

A low-cost, simple to use portable rainfall simulator is developed for use over a 5 m2plot. The simulator is easy to transport and assemble in the field, thereby allowing for necessary experimental replicates to be done. It provides rainfall intensities of between 20 and 100 mm/h by changing the number and type of silicon nozzles used. The Christiansen coefficient of uniformities obtained in the field are appropriate and vary from 79 to 94% for rainfall intensities ranging from 30 to 70 mm/h. In addition, the median volumetric drop diameters measured for rainfall intensities of 30, 50, and 70 mm/h are in the lower range of that of natural rainfall and equal to 1.10 ± 0.08,1.69 ± 0.21, and 1.66 ± 0.20 mm, respectively. The velocities of the raindrops with diameters less than 1.2 mm reached terminal velocities, while raindrops less than 2.0 mm achieved velocities reasonably close to the terminal velocity of natural rainfall. Furthermore,the average time-specific kinetic energy(KET) for rainfall intensities of 30, 50, and 70 mm/h are 257.7,760.1, and 1645.2 J/m2/h, respectively accounting for about 78.0 and 86.5% of the KET of natural rainfall for50 and 70 mm/h rainfall intensity, respectively. The applicability of the portable rainfall simulator for herbicide transport study is investigated using two herbicides(atrazine and metolachlor); herbicide losses in runoff and sediment samples are in the ranges reported in the literature. As a percentage of the amount of herbicide applied, 5.29% of atrazine and 2.15% of metolachlor are lost due to combined water and sediment runoff. The results show that the portable rainfall simulator can be effectively used in studying processes such as pesticide runoff, infiltration mechanisms, and sediment generation and transport at a field plot scale with an emphasis on how surface characteristics such as slope and soil properties affect these processes.

关键词： Rainfall simulator Rainfall intensity Raindrop energy Raindrop size distribution Rainfall uniformity

Involvement of glycated albumin in adipose-derived-stem cellmediated interleukin 17 secreting T helper cell activation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第7期12卷 621-632页

作者： julien Pestel Maud Robert Sara Corbin Hubert Vidal Assia Eljaafari INSERM U1060 CarMen Batiment CENS-ELICentre Hospitalier Lyon SudPierre Bénite 69310France Faculty of Medicine UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1Batiment CENS-ELICentre Hospitalier Lyon SudPierre Bénite 69310France Department of Surgery in Gastro-enterology Edouard Herriot HospitalLyon 69003France Public Health Department Hospices Civils de Lyon1 quai des célestins Lyon 69002France DO-IT Research Team Hospices Civils de Lyon1 quai des célestinsLyon 69002France

BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products(AGE)are a marker of various diseases including diabetes,in which they participate to vascular damages such as retinopathy,nephropathy and *** those vascular complications,AGE are involved in altered metabolism in many tissues,including adipose tissue(AT)where they contribute to reduced glucose uptake and attenuation of insulin *** are known to contribute to type 1 diabetes(T1D)through promotion of interleukin(IL)-17 secreting T helper(Th17)*** To investigate whether lean adipose-derived stem cells(ASC)could be able to induce IL-17A secretion,with the help of *** As we have recently demonstrated that ASC are involved in Th17 cell promotion when they are harvested from obese AT,we used the same co-culture model to measure the impact of glycated human serum albumin(G-HSA)on human lean ASC interacting with blood mononuclear ***-17A and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion were measured by *** of AGE(RAGE)together with intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1),human leukocyte Antigen(HLA)-DR,cluster of differentiation(CD)41,and CD62P surface expressions were measured by ***-RAGE specific monoclonal antibody was added to co-cultures in order to evaluate the role of RAGE in IL-17A *** Results showed that whereas 1%G-HSA only weakly potentiated the production of IL-17A by T cells interacting with ASC harvested from obese subjects,it markedly increased IL-17A,but also interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in the presence of ASC harvested from lean *** was associated with increased expression of RAGE and HLA-DR molecule by cocultured ***,RAGE blockade experiments demonstrated RAGE specific involvement in lean ASC-mediated Th-17 cell ***,platelet aggregation and ICAM-1,which are known to be induced by AGE,were not involved in these *** Thus,our results demonstrated tha

关键词： Interleukin 17 secreting T helper cells Lean adipose tissue Type 1 diabetes Advanced glycation end products Adipose-derived stem cells

To eat or get heat： Behavioral trade-offs between thermoregulation and feeding in gregarious necrophagous larvae

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 883-893页

作者： Jana Podhorna Cindy Aubernon Marie Borkovcova julien Boulay Valery Hedouin Damien Charabidze Department of Zoology Fisheries Hydrobiology and Apiculture Mendel University in Brno Czech Repubfic Unite de Taphonomie Medico-Legale University of Lille CHU Lille EA France

The thermoregulation behavior ofLucilia sericata larvae （Diptera： Calliphori- dae）, a necrophagous species that feeds on vertebrate cadavers, was investigated. These larvae require high heat incomes to develop, and can elevate temperatures by forming large aggregates. We hypothesized that L. sericata larvae should continue to feed at temperatures up to 38 ℃, which can be reached inside larval masses. Thermal regulation behavior such as movement between a hot food spot and colder areas was also postulated. The hypotheses were tested by tracking for 1 h the activity of single, starved third instar larvae in a Petri dish containing 1 food spot （FS） that was heated to a constant temperature of 25 ℃, 34 ℃ or 38 ℃ with an ambient temperature of 25 ℃. The influence of previous conspecific activity in the food on larval behavior was also tested. The crops of larvae were dissected to monitor food content in the digestive systems. Based on relative crop measurements, larvae fed at all food temperatures, but temperature strongly affected larval behavior and kinematics. The total time spent by larvae in FS and the duration of each stay decreased at high FS temperature. Previous activity of conspecifics in the food slightly increased the time spent by larvae in FS and also decreased the average distance to FS. Therefore, necrophagous L. sericata larvae likely thermoregulate during normal feeding activities by adjusting to local fluctuations in temperature, particularly inside maggot masses. By maintaining a steady internal body temperature, larvae likely reduce their development time.

关键词： blowflies Calliphoridae forensic entomology foraging thermoregulation video tracking