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Forest-grassland biodiversity hotspot under siege:land conversion counteracts nature conservation

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第6期2卷 1-12页

作者： julia-maria hermann Marion Lang juliana Gonçalves Heinrich Hasenack Technische Universitat München Freising85354 Germany Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre91501-970 Brazil

We report extent and rate of land use/land cover change in a forest-grassland mosaic of Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil,during a recent period of increasing conflicts between native habitat protection and *** area is part of the Atlantic rain forest biome,a Global Biodiversity *** Landsat and Google Earth imagery,and calculating an effective conservation risk index(ECRI)as ratio of converted to remnant area,we specifically compared the effectiveness of designated fully protected areas(FP-PAs)and Sustainable Use areas(SU-PAs)in preventing conversion of native forest and grassland hab-itats for agri-and silviculture,relative to areas *** area decreased by 17%,corresponding to a net loss of 59,671 ha,in the entire *** gains exceeded losses,and ECRI was zero inside Full Protection ***-native tree plantation area increased by 94%over the entire study area;cropland increased by 7%.Conversion for silviculture predominated outside the designated PAs and conversion for agriculture predominated inside the designated *** was generally higher for grassland than forest,and in SU-PAs,grassland ECRI was several times higher than in areas without any protection *** developments are in stark contrast to the high standards of the Brazilian protected area system and corre-sponding International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources *** are due to protracted regularization of land conversion and establishment of designated protection ***-more,they reveal the dilemma of previously managed grasslands in strictly protected areas being eventually succeeded by forest,and the hazards of broad interpretation of the term“sustainable development”.

关键词： conservation risk protected area strict protection sustainable use temperate grasslands

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Vitamin D_(3) attenuates anxiety-like behavior in long-term ovariectomized rats with unpredictable mild stress

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BIOCELL 2019年第4期43卷 299-311页

作者： DENIS BARANENKO julia FEDOTOVA ANNEMIEKE JOHANNA maria VAN DEN TOL International Research Centre“Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium” ITMO University9 Lomonosova Str.St.Petersburg191002Russia Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology I.P.Pavlov Institute of Physiology RASci.6 Emb.MakarovaSt.Petersburg199034Russia University of Lincoln School of Psychology Sarah Swift Building 3201Brayford PoolLincolnLN57AYUK.

The impact of various vitamin D3(VD3)doses(1.0,2.5,or 5 mg/kg,s.c.)in mitigating the negative consequences of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)was *** female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency were assessed using the sucrose preference test(SPT),the elevated plus-maze(EPM),the light/dark test(LDT),and the open-field test(OFT)to measure anhedonia-like and anxiety-like *** corticosterone(CS)and adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH)concentrations in blood serum and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)expression in the hippocampus of long-term ovariectomized(OVX)rats were measured by ELISA kits and/or western *** with VD3(5.0 mg/kg),similarly to fluoxetine(10.0 mg/kg),significantly reduced the anhedonia profile in the SPT and anxiety-like behavior in the EPM and LDT,and CS and ACTH levels in blood *** also elevated BDNF levels in the hippocampus of long-term OVX/CUMS compared to OVX/CUMS/solvent ***,these findings suggest that VD3(5.0 mg/kg)administration might attenuate the anxiety-like profile in long-term OVX adult rats subjected to the *** might occur via activation of the BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus and via restoration of CS and ACTH levels in blood serum.

关键词： Anxiety BDNF Chronic unpredictable mild stress Long-term ovariectomy Vitamin D3

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Beyond familial risk: deriving risk-adapted starting ages of screening among people with a family history of colorectal cancer

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Cancer Communications 2023年第12期43卷 1377-1380页

作者： Xuechen Chen Thomas Heisser Rafael Cardoso julia Hibbert Michael Hoffmeister hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany

Dear Editor,Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer globally[1],even though a large proportion of those cancers would be preventable by *** those with a family history(FH)of CRC,it is commonly recommended to start screening at younger ages,e.g.,at age 40 or 10 years younger than the age at diagnosis of the youngest affected first-degree relative[2–5].Even within the group of those with a FH,risk of CRC is not homogeneous and depends on factors such as the number of affected relatives and the age at which the relatives were diagnosed with CRC[6,7],lifestyles,and genetic background ***,these metrics except genetic factors may change over lifetime,which limits their use for defining starting ages of *** aim of this study was to evaluate whether a polygenic risk score(PRS),which combines information from CRC-related risk variants[8]and genetically determined sex(2 constant and established CRC risk factors),could effectively contribute to enhanced risk *** also aimed to determine if it could assist in defining risk-adapted starting ages for CRC screening,even in individuals with a FH of *** assessment was performed using the wellestablished metric of risk advancement periods(RAPs)[9],which measures the impact of an exposure on the relation of age to disease.

关键词： starting adapted younger

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G2/M inhibitors as pharmacotherapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma:the old,the new,and the future

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第4期15卷 354-374页

作者： Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero julia Alejandra Pezuk maria Sol Brassesco Luiz Gonzaga Tone Human Genetics Laboratory Institute of Natural SciencesFederal University of Alfenas(UNIFAL-MG)Alfenas 37130-001Brazil Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program and Pharmacy Program Anhanguera University Sao Paulo(UNIANSP)Sao Paulo 05145-200Brazil Department of Biology Faculty of PhilosophySciences and Letters at Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao Preto 14040-901Brazil Department of Pediatrics Department of Genetics Ribeirao Preto School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao Preto 14049-900Brazil

Glioblastoma(GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases,Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.

关键词： Chemotherapy PLK1 AURK survivin BUB BUR1

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Variant signaling topology at the cancer cell–T-cell interface induced by a two-component T-cell engager

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1568-1570页

作者： Dina Kouhestani maria Geis Saed Alsouri Thomas GPBumm hermann Einsele Markus Sauer Gernot Stuhler Department of Internal Medicine II Hematology and OncologyUniversity Clinic WürzburgWürzburgGermany Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics University WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies(BiTEs)convey antigenic information from cancer to the T-lymphocyte-associated CD3 complex,thus redirecting immune effector cells to induce target cell *** antigenic information from transformed tissues is rarely unambiguous,we recently introduced novel T-cell-engaging antibody fragments called hemibodies for the combinatorial,ultraprecise targeting of cancer.1 Here,we report the unprecedented enhancement of the plasticity of immunological synapse(IS)formation and variant signaling topology at the cancer cell–T-cell interface induced by hemibodies compared to that induced by BiTEs.

关键词： cancer interface topology

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Altered PIWI-LIKE 1 and PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA expression in ejaculated spermatozoa of men with impaired sperm characteristics

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 260-264页

作者： maria Giebler Thomas Greither Lisa Muller Carina Mosinger hermann M Behre Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany.

In about half the cases of involuntary childlessness, a male infertility factor is involved. The PIWI-LIKE genes, a subclade of the Argonaute protein family, are involved in RNA silencing and transposon control in the germline. Knockout of murine Piwi-like 1 and 2 homologs results in complete infertility in males. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the mRNA expression of human PIWI-LIKE I-4 genes is altered in ejaculated spermatozoa of men with impaired sperm characteristics. Ninety male participants were included in the study, among which 47 were with normozoospermia, 36 with impaired semen characteristics according to the World Health Organization （WHO） manual, 5th edition, and 7 with azoospermia serving as negative control for the PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression in somatic cells in the ejaculate. PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression in the ejaculated spermatozoa of the participants was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. In nonazoospermic men, PIWIoLIKE 1-4 mRNA was measurable in ejaculated spermatozoa in different proportions. PIWI-LIKE 1 （100.0%） and PIWI-LIKE 2 （49.4%） were more frequently expressed than PIWI-LIKE3 （9.6%） and PIWI-LIKE 4 （15.7%）. Furthermore, a decreased PIWI-LIKE2 mRNA expression showed a significant correlation with a decreased sperm count （P = 0.022） and an increased PIWI-LIKE 1 mRNA expression with a decreased progressive motility （P = 0.048）. PIWI-LIKE 1 and PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA expression exhibited a significant association with impaired sperm characteristics and may be a useful candidate for the evaluation of the impact of PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression on male infertility.

关键词： male infertility Piwi PIWI-LIKEgenes sperm quality parameters

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Critical pathway for primary open angle glaucoma diagnosis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第6期10卷 968-972页

作者： Alejandro R.Allocco julia A.Ponce maria J.Riera Mauricio G.Magurno Instituto Santa Lucia Parana Alameda de la Federaci6n 493 Parana 3100 Entre Rios Argentina

AIM： To develop a critical pathway for primary open angle glaucoma （POAG） diagnosis intended to be efficient, to unify criteria, reduce resource use and minimize costs to the health system. METHODS： We performed a systematic search on PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and *** databases and classified the quality of evidence from level I through III. RESULTS： A critical pathway was designed by setting a key-decision step by step model on the basis of the best current evidence. CONCLUSION： A critical pathway, evidence-based guideline, may be a useful tool intended to reduce costs while maintaining or even improving the quality of care for diagnosing a highly prevalent pathology such as open angle glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma diagnosis critical pathway guideline

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A Palladium Based Alloy for Prosthetic Dentistry: Structure and Properties

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 269-272页

作者： STEPANOVA Galina PARUNOV Vitaly VASEKIN Vasily KAREVA maria SINAGEJKINA julia OJSC "SIC 'Supermetal'" MoscowRussia Moscow State University for Medicine and Dentistry Moscow Russia Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia.

Using the results of physical and chemical researches and mechanical tests of the Pd-Au-Cu-Sn system alloys, a new palladium-based alloy has been chosen and studied in detail. It has a higher plasticity and a lower hardness than the Palladent alloy, widely used in prosthetic dentistry: its hardness is lower than 300 MPa, and its specific elongation is 10%~14 %. At the same time, such important practical characteristics of the alloys as the strength of adhesion to ceramics and thermal expansion coefficient are almost similar.

关键词： prosthetic dentistry palladium-based alloy physical and chemical properties mechanical tests phase diagram

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Production and characterization of bioaerosols for model validation in spacecraft environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第7期30卷 227-238页

作者： Anniina Salmela Eero Kokkonen Ilpo Kulmala Anna-maria Veijalainen Rob van Houdt Natalie Leys Audrey Berthier Ilyin Viacheslav Sergey Kharin julia Morozova Alexander Tikhomirov Pertti Pasanen Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern Finland PO Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland VTT Ltd PO Box 1300 FI-33100 Tampere Finland Microbiology Unit Belgian Nuclear Research Centre B-2400 Mol Belgium Institut de Medecine et de Physiologie Spatiales BP 74404 F-31405 Toulouse Cedex France Institute of Bio-Medical Problems 76-A Khorosheu Skoye shosse RU-123007 Moscow Russia Institute of Biophysics SB RAS Akademgorodok Krasnoyarsk RU-660036 Russia

This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of two bioaerosol generation systems（dry and wet generation） for the aerosolization of microorganisms isolated from the International Space Station, and to calibrate the produced bioaerosols to fulfill the requirements of computational fluid dynamics model（CFD） validation. Concentration, stability, size distribution, agglomeration of generated bioaerosol and deposition of bioaerosols were analyzed. In addition, the dispersion of non-viable particles in the air was *** proved that wet generation from microbial suspensions could be used for the production of well-calibrated and stabile bioaerosols for model validation. For the simulation of the natural release of fungal spores, a dry generation method should be used. This study showed that the used CFD model simulated the spread of non-viable particles fairly well. The mathematical deposition model by Lai and Nazaroff could be used to estimate the deposition velocities of bioaerosols on surfaces, although it somewhat underestimated the measured deposition velocities.

关键词： Bioaerosol Modeling CFD Spacecraft Fungi Bacteria

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Computer-aided sperm analysis： a useful tool to evaluate patient＇s response to varicocelectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 449-452页

作者： julia I Ariagno Gabriela R Mendeluk maria J Furlan M Sardi P Chenlo Susana M Curi Mercedes N Pugliese Herberto E Repetto mariano Cohen Clinical Biochemistry Department Male Fertility Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemetry University of Buenos Aires Argentina Urology Department "Jose de San Martin" Clinical Hospital University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina (CP1120)

Preoperative and postoperative sperm parameter values from infertile men with varicocele were analyzed by computer-aided sperm analysis （CASA） to assess if sperm characteristics improved after varicocelectomy. Semen samples of men with proven fertility （n = 38） and men with varicocele-related infertility （n = 61） were also analyzed. Conventional semen analysis was performed according to WHO （2010） criteria and a CASA system was employed to assess kinetic parameters and sperm concentration. Seminal parameters values in the fertile group were very far above from those of the patients, either before or after surgery. No significant improvement in the percentage normal sperm morphology （P = 0. 10）, sperm concentration （P = 0.52）, total sperm count （P = 0.76）, subjective motility （%）（P = 0.97） nor kinematics （P = 0.30） was observed after varicocelectomy when all groups were compared. Neither was significant improvement found in percentage normal sperm morphology （P = 0.91）, sperm concentration （P =0. 10）, total sperm count （P = 0.89） or percentage motility （P = 0.77） after varicocelectomy in paired comparisons of preoperative and postoperative data. Analysis of paired samples revealed that the total sperm count （P = 0.01） and most sperm kinetic parameters： curvilinear velocity （P = 0.002）, straight-line velocity （P = 0.0004）, average path velocity （P = 0.0005）, linearity （P = 0.02）, and wobble （P = 0.006） improved after surgery. CASA offers the potential for accurate quantitative assessment of each patient＇s response to varicocelectomy.

关键词： computer-assisted semen analysis male infertility semen analysis varicocele varicocelectomy

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