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Non-invasive sensing techniques to phenotype multiple apple tree architectures

Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第1期10卷 136-147页

作者： Chongyuan Zhang Sara Serra juan Quiro´s-vargas Worasit Sangjan Stefano Musacchi Sindhuja Sankaran Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Tree Fruit Research&Extension Center Washington State UniversityWenatcheeWA 98801USA Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Tree fruit architecture results from combination of the training system and pruning and thinning processes across multiple growth and development ***,the tree fruit architecture contributes to the light interception and improves tree growth,fruit quality,and fruit yield,in addition to easing the process of orchard management and *** tree architectural traits are measured manually by researchers or growers,which is labor-intensive and *** this study,the remote sensing techniques were evaluated to phenotype critical architectural traits with the final goal to assist tree fruit breeders,physiologists and growers in collecting architectural traits efficiently and in a standardized *** this,a consumer-grade red–green–blue(RGB)camera was used to collect apple tree side-images,while an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)integrated RGB camera was programmed to image tree canopy at 15 m above ground level to evaluate multiple tree fruit *** sensing data were compared to ground reference data associated with tree orchard blocks within three training systems(Spindle,V-trellis,Biaxis),two rootstocks(‘WA 38 trees grafted on G41 and M9-Nic29)and two pruning methods(referred as bending and click pruning).The data were processed to extract architectural features from ground-based 2D images and UAV-based 3D digital surface *** traits extracted from sensing data included box-counting fractal dimension(DBs),middle branch angle,number of branches,trunk basal diameter,and tree row volume(TRV).The results from ground-based sensing data indicated that there was a significant(P<0.0001)difference in DBs between Spindle and V-trellis training systems,and correlations between DBs with tree height(r=0.79)and total fruit yield per unit area(r=0.74)were significant(P<0.05).Moreover,correlations between average or total TRV and ground reference data,such as tree height and total fruit yield per unit area,were significant(P<0.05).With the r

关键词： Tree training systems Tree row volume Unmanned aerial vehicle Image analysis

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Investigating lodging in spearmint with overhead sprinklers compared to drag hoses using entropy values from low altitude RGB-imagery

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 335-341页

作者： Behnaz Molaei Abhilash Chandel R.Troy Peters Lav R.Khot juan Quiros vargas Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems Department of Biological Systems EngineeringWashington State University24106 North Bunn RoadProsserWA 99350USA Institute of Bio-and Geosciences Plant Sciences(IBG-2)Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH52428 JulichGermany

Lodging occurs when the crop canopy is too heavy for the strength of the stem and it fallsover onto the ground. This decreases crop yield and quality, and it makes harvest difficult.A research experiment was set up in a spearmint field on a center pivot with mid elevationspray application (MESA) overhead sprinklers, where the water was applied from a “midelevation” of 2 m above the ground level (AGL), and low elevation precision application(LEPA) sprinklers, where the water was emitted directly onto the soil surface through draghoses without wetting the crop canopy. Every-other span of this full-size center pivot wasconfigured with MESA and LEPA sprinklers alternatively. In 2018, imagery was collectedwith an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) from a cross section of this field. In 2019, a crosssection was again collected, but in addition UAV imagery was collected from marked lodgedand un-lodged areas of the field to validate the lodging detection method. These UAV-basedimagery data were captured with a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.03 m. This researchintroduces using the texture feature, which is based on image entropy, was used to evaluate the degree of lodging. The results from 2018 showed that the average entropy of thegrayscale image from LEPA (5.5 (mean) ± 0.27 (standard deviation)) was significantly(P < 0.0001) greater than the average entropy (5.0 ± 0.25) of MESA. Also, the entropy valueextracted from the images in 2019 from the marked un-lodged locations were significantlyhigher compared to that of the lodged areas. Overall, the LEPA irrigation treatment was significantly less lodged compared to MESA. Moreover, the entropy value, or texture feature, isa viable method for estimating lodging using low altitude RGB imagery.

关键词： Lodging Spearmint Entropy value Texture feature LEPA and MESA irrigation systems

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Has Mayaro virus always existed or is it new?

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第2期6卷 93-94页

作者： juan vargas Simón Bolivar University Medical Program

Mayaro virus has always been one of the significant challenges for biomedical science,and efforts are aimed at intervening factors preventing viruses from *** letter reviews recent research on emerging zoonotic viruses in Latin America,focusing on Mayaro virus as a new *** also considers vector and clinical characteristics and similarities with other arboviruses(arthropod borne),such as Zika virus,dengue virus,and chikungunya virus[1].

关键词： Maya Latin letter

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The challenge given by Zika virus

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第4期6卷 208-210页

作者： juan Sebastian vargas Rodriguez Investigation Department Simon Bolivar UniversityBarranquillaColombia

Public health has been a great challenge in many parts of the world,and underdeveloped nations present the greatest challenges in addressing the health problems in the field of public *** recent years there have been outbreaks of reemerging diseases transmitted by vectors,such as the mosquito,Zika virus disease belonging to this *** virus,which was discovered inciden-tally in Uganda in 1947 in the course of moni-toring mosquitoes and primates,had remained a dark virus confined to a narrow equatorial belt that traversed Africa and Asia[1].Arboreal mosquitoes such as Aedes africanus and rarely caused infections known as“spillage”in humans,even in highly enzootic areas[1].

关键词： diseases narrow tally

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Situation of Biofungicides Reconnaissance, a Case of Anthracnose Disease of Cowpea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第9期5卷 1202-1211页

作者： Vitus Ikechukwu Obi juan Jose Barriuso-vargas Department of Agricultural Science and Natural environment University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain

Plant extracts have long been used in commercial agriculture as anti-microbial tools in food safety applications. These offer growers and agrobiologists many unique benefits which include their eco-friendliness. This work reviews the situation of Biofungicides reconnaissance in reference to fungal disease of cowpea. Twenty different pathogens were associated with various fungal diseases of cowpea and, only the species of Colletotrichum was found to have the virulence and propensity of afflicting a 100% infection on a single susceptible cowpea crop. Plant families under the affliction of Colletotrichum were analyzed. The different forms of botanicals so far availed for use as potential biofungicidal were identified. Eighteen plant families were found to represent the entire plants and plant materials agrobiologically screened within a range of thirteen years and found to habour large spectra of species containing substances of biofungicidal potentials. Current position in the use of Botanicals to combat agricultural pests and disease is 7% of the total cowpea disease management options.

关键词： Anthracnose Biofungicides Biopesticides Colletotrichum destructivum Cowpea.

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Machine learning insights concerning inflammatory and liver-related risk comorbidities in non-communicable and viral diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第44期28卷 6230-6248页

作者： J Alfredo Martínez Marta Alonso-Bernáldez Diego Martínez-Urbistondo juan A vargas-Nuñez Ana Ramírezde Molina Alberto Dávalos Omar Ramos-Lopez Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario HM SanchinarroMadrid 28050Spain Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro MajadahondaMadrid 28222MajadahondaSpain Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Medicine and Psychology School Autonomous University of Baja CaliforniaTijuana 22390Baja CaliforniaMexico

The liver is a key organ involved in a wide range of functions,whose damage can lead to chronic liver disease(CLD).CLD accounts for more than two million deaths worldwide,becoming a social and economic burden for most *** the different factors that can cause CLD,alcohol abuse,viruses,drug treatments,and unhealthy dietary patterns top the *** conditions prompt and perpetuate an inflammatory environment and oxidative stress imbalance that favor the development of hepatic *** stages of fibrosis can eventually lead to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advances achieved in this field,new approaches are needed for the prevention,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of *** this context,the scientific community is using machine learning(ML)algorithms to integrate and process vast amounts of data with unprecedented *** techniques allow the integration of anthropometric,genetic,clinical,biochemical,dietary,lifestyle and omics data,giving new insights to tackle CLD and bringing personalized medicine a step *** review summarizes the investigations where ML techniques have been applied to study new approaches that could be used in inflammatoryrelated,hepatitis viruses-induced,and coronavirus disease 2019-induced liver damage and enlighten the factors involved in CLD development.

关键词： Machine learning Liver inflammation Liver disease Viral diseases Comorbidity

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Hexavalent Chromium Removal by Citrus limonium Shell

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Open Journal of Inorganic Non 2012年第3期2卷 19-24页

作者： juan Manuel vargas-Morales Diana Bautista-Mata juan F. Cárdenas-González Víctor Manuel Martínez-Juárez Ismael Acosta-Rodríguez área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Instituto de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Tulancingo de Bravo México Laboratorio de Micología Experimental Centro de Investigación y de Estudios de Posgrado Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí México

We studied the Chromium(VI) removal capacity in aqueous solution by the lemon shell, using the diphenylcarbazide method to evaluate the metal concentration. So, the highest biosorption of the metal (50 mg/L) occurs within 100 minutes, at pH of 1.0, and 28°C. According to temperature, the highest removal was observed at 60°C, in 11 minutes, when the metal (1 g/L) is completely adsorbed. At the analyzed concentrations of Cr(VI), lemon shell, showed excellent removal capacity, besides it removes efficiently the metal in situ (97.2% removal, 7 days of incubation, 5 g of biomass). After 1 hour of incubation the studied biomass reduces 1.0 g of Cr(VI) with the simultaneous production of Cr(III);so it can be used to eliminate it from industrial wastewater.

关键词： Chromium(VI) Biosorption Remotion Biomass Chromium(III)

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Induction of Extracellular Lytic Enzymes by <i>Fusarium solani</i>

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第8期3卷 24-30页

作者： María de Guadalupe Moctezuma-Zárate juan Manuel vargas-Morales juan F. Cárdenas-González Víctor Manuel Martínez-Juárez Ismael Acosta-Rodríguez área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Tulancingo de Bravo Hidalgo México Laboratorio de Micología Experimental Centro de Investigación y de Estudios de Posgrado Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí México

Fusarium solani is a necrotrophic parasitic fungus that causes wilt in some plants, causing severe economic losses in some areas of the country. The objective of this work was to analyze the induction of extracellular lytic enzymes produced by a strain of F. solani, isolated from a culture of tomato, in Villa de Arista, S.L.P. México. Polygalacturonase activity has a greater induction time at 10 days, and the xylanase has two times higher activity at 8 and 13 days of incubation at 28?C. Also, the xylanase activities A and B were very stable at 4?C. After 7 days of incubation, it has an activity of 100% and 96%, respectively, while polygalacturonase retains 61% of its initial activity. Both activities are better induced with glutamate and urea as nitrogen sources respectively, and both exhibit an initial pH optimum of 5.5. Finally, we didn’t find cellulase activity in the analyzing conditions.

关键词： Fusarium solani Necrotrophic Fungus Lytic Enzymes

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Regeneration of Plants from Embryogenic Cell Suspensions of cv.“Datil”(Musa AA):Morphological Evaluation of Plants in the Field

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2018年第1期8卷 29-41页

作者： juan Luis Ortiz vargas Jorge Sandoval Fernández María Elena Aguilar Vega Biotechnology Laboratories Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center(CATIE)Turrialba 30501Costa Rica National Banana Corporation(CORBANA) Guápiles 390-7210PococíCosta Rica

The full cycle from embryogenic callus(EC)induction to field evaluation of regenerated plants is reported for the first time for banana cv.“Datil”(Musa AA).Immature male flowers were used for EC induction on a modified M1 culture *** ideal type of EC was obtained in the presence of 4.5μM and 9.0μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D).Embryogenic cell suspensions were established in both concentrations of 2,4-D;however,only the suspensions from ideal callus(IC)formed with 4.5μM of 2,4-D were regenerated.A histological study revealed the formation of structurally different cell masses during the regeneration phase of cv.“Datil”.The embryos germination was characterized by the growth cellular aggregates,indicating the possible occurrence of secondary *** and acclimatization of the plants were carried out in a normal manner as observed for other *** evaluation of the plants’genetic stability was based on observation of morphological *** the vegetative growth phase,6.61%of the plants presented drooping leaves and deformed *** traits,however,did not affect further plant growth during flowering and harvest *** produced fruits were of good *** the present study indicates that this cultivar may be stable genetically.

关键词： Musa Pisang Mas somatic embryogenesis cell suspension plant regeneration field evaluation

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Effect of different exogenous fatty acids on the cytosolic triacylglycerol content in bovine mammary cells

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 202-208页

作者： Einar vargas-Bello-Pérez juan J.Loor Philip C Garnsworthy The University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois1207 West Gregory DriveUrbana

The objective of this study was to determine how cytosolic triacylglycerols(TAG) are stored in mammary cells and whether this depends on the individual chemical configuration of fatty acids(FA). This objective was accomplished by addition of different FA to a FA-free medium used to culture mammary alveolar cells-large T antigen cells(MAC-T). Treatments consisted of adding FA(palmitate, stearate, oleate, linoleate,rumenic acid [CLA], elaidate and vaccinate) solutions to the medium at 100, 200, 300 and 400 mmol/L concentrations for a 24-h incubation period. At the end of each incubation period, cytosolic TAG, DNA and protein contents were measured. Palmitate, vaccenate, linoleate and CLA increased(P < 0.05) cytosolic TAG(μg/mg protein). Palmitate and CLA increased(P < 0.05) cytosolic TAG adjusted for DNA content. Overall, effects on cytosolic TAG accumulation depended on individual FA structure(chain length, degree of saturation, and number and orientation of FA double bonds). In addition, the long-chain FA used in this study did not have a detrimental effect on MAC-T cells as indicated by cytosolic protein and DNA contents reflecting their biological role in lipid accumulation.

关键词： Long chain fatty acid Mammary cells Trans fatty acid Triacylglycerol accumulation Vaccenic acid

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