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The biological functions and metabolic pathways of valine in swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 20-34页

作者： Chuni Wang Yao Peng Yiru Zhang juan Xu Sheng Jiang Leli Wang Yulong Yin Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal function and Regulation College of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina

Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.

关键词： Additional dosage Biological function Metabolic pathway Pig Valine

Early Triassic Volcanic Rocks in the Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone:Implications for the Opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 324-336页

作者： HE juan LI Yalin HOU Yunling ZHOU Aorigele WEI Yushuai CHEN Xi DAI Jingen School of Civil Engineering and Architecture West Yunnan University of Applied SciencesDaliYunnan 671006China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100080China West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences DaliYunnan 671006China MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100080China

In this study,zircon U-Pb dating of volcanic rocks from the Zhongba ophiolite of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone(YZSZ)in southern Xizang(Tibet)yielded an age of 247±3 *** to whole rock geochemical and Sr-NdPb isotopic data,the Early Triassic samples could be divided into two groups:Group 1 with P-MORB affinity,showing initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of 0.70253–0.70602,ε_(Nd)(t)values of 4.2–5.3,(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 16.353–18.222,(^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 15.454–15.564,and(^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 35.665–38.136;Group 2 with OIB affinity,showing initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of 0.70249–0.70513,ε_(Nd)(t)values of 4.4–4.9,(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 17.140–18.328,(^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 15.491–15.575,and(^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t)ratios of 36.051–*** 2 rocks formed by partial melting of the mantle source enriched by a former plume,and assimilated continental crustal material during melt *** formation of Group 1 rocks corresponds to the mixing of OIB melts,with the same components as Group 2 and *** Zhongba Early Triassic rocks belong to the continental margin type ophiolite and formed in the continental–oceanic transition zone during the initial opening of the Neo-Tethys in southern Xizang(Tibet).

关键词： rift Early Triassic magmatism Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone Neo-Tethys Southern Xizang Tibet

Molecular Investigation of Theileria in Ixodid Ticks from Changzhi,Shanxi Province,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期37卷 922-925页

作者： Jia Cui Hua Xiang Rao Yiping Liu Dongmei Li juan Yu Department of Microbiology of Basic Medical Sciences Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Medical parasitology of Basic Medical Sciences Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Vector Biology and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Theileria is a tick-borne intracellular protozoan that typically parasitizes erythrocytes,lymphocytes,and macrophages and causes acute clinical symptoms in host animals,including high fever,anemia,jaundice,and swelling of superficial lymph nodes[1].Theileriosis can lead to high mortality rates,and its rising global prevalence has resulted in significant economic losses to livestock husbandry and the national economy[2].

关键词： husbandry swelling typically

Traditional Chinese Medicine Erhuang Suppository for Treatment of Persistent High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Its Impact on Transcriptome of Uterine Cervix

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 841-853页

作者： Zi-zhuo WANG Hui-li WANG Wei XIONG juan DU Rong LIU Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Pharmacology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective High-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection is the chief cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)and cervical *** Erhuang suppository(EHS)is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prepared from realgar(As2S2),Coptidis rhizoma,alumen,and borneolum syntheticum and has been used for antiviral and antitumor ***,whether EHS can efficiently alleviate HR-HPV infection remains *** study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EHS for the treatment of persistent HR-HPV infection in the uterine *** In this study,we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of EHS in a randomized controlled clinical trial with a 3-month ***,70 patients with persistent HR-HPV infection were randomly assigned to receive intravaginal administration of EHS or *** DNA,ThinPrep cytologic test(TCT),colposcopy,and safety evaluation were carried out after *** analysis was performed to compare transcriptome profiles before and after EHS treatment.A K14-HPV16 mouse model was generated to confirm the efficiency of *** After 3 months,74.3%(26/35)of the patients in the treatment group were HPV negative,compared to 6.9%(2/29)in the placebo ***-throughput microarrays revealed distinct transcriptome profiles after *** differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in complement activation,immune response,and apoptotic *** K14-HPV16 mouse model also validated the remarkable efficacy of *** This study demonstrated that EHS is effective against HR-HPV infection and cervical ***,no obvious systemic toxicity was observed in patients during the *** superior efficacy and safety of EHS demonstrated its considerable value as a potential cost-effective drug for the treatment of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical diseases.

关键词： Traditional Chinese Medicine Erhuang suppository human papillomavirus cervical diseases transcriptomics

Safety and efficacy of omalizumab for antihistamine-resistant chronic urticaria in children:a case series and literature review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 294-298页

作者： Wei-fang Zhu Chen Wang Jian-Jun Qiao Lan-juan Li Department of Dermatology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Chronic urticaria(CU)is a common skin disease characterized by the occurrence of wheals,with or without angioedema,lasting more than 6 *** prevalence of CU is about 0.7%[1],but higher in children,with an incidence of 1.38%[1].The occurrence of severe pruritus and unpredictable wheals may severely impact patients'quality of life,cause psychological problems,including sleep disorders and depression,and lead to economic burden due to limitation on daily life and work[2,3].

关键词： edema prevalence children

Eosinophils promote CD8+ T cell memory generation to potentiate anti-bacterial immunity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1230-1243页

作者： Jun Zhou Jiaqi Liu Bingjing Wang Nan Li juan Liu Yanmei Han Xuetao Cao Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Institute of ImmunologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Immunology Center for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Institute of Immunology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Memory CD8+T cell generation is crucial for pathogen elimination and effective vaccination against *** cellular and molecular circuitry that underlies the generation of memory CD8+T cells remains *** can modulate inflammatory allergic responses and interact with lymphocytes to regulate their functions in immune *** we report that eosinophils are required for the generation of memory CD8+T cells by inhibiting CD8+T cell ***-deficient mice display significantly impaired memory CD8+T cell response and weakened resistance against Listeria monocytogenes(L.m.)***,eosinophils secrete interleukin-4(IL-4)to inhibit JNK/Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of CD8+T cells upon *** in ***,active eosinophils are recruited into the spleen and secrete more IL-4 to suppress CD8+T cell apoptosis during early stage of *** in *** transfer of wild-type(WT)eosinophils but not IL-4-deficient eosinophils into eosinophil-deficient mice could rescue the impaired CD8+T cell memory ***,our findings suggest that eosinophil-derived IL-4 promotes the generation of CD8+T cell memory and enhances immune defense against *** study reveals a new adjuvant role of eosinophils in memory T cell generation and provides clues for enhancing the vaccine potency via targeting eosinophils and related cytokines.

关键词： impaired immunity spleen

Climate-driven changes in drought metrics across the Yellow River Basin based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第9期34卷 1841-1856页

作者： LIU Jiayuan LIU Xianfeng LIANG juan fENG Yu School of Geography and Tourist Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute for Advanced StudyNingbo 315200ZhejiangChina

Recent climate change has accelerated the global hydrological cycle, substantially affecting drought metrics such as drought duration and drought propagation;however, knowledge of drought patterns in these metrics remains limited. Here, we aimed to address the evolution and influencing factors of major drought metrics under past and future climate scenarios within the Yellow River Basin(YRB) based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6). Accordingly, we investigated the changes in drought duration for meteorological drought and agricultural drought across the YRB and identified the variability in drought propagation time from meteorological drought to agricultural drought by using a standardized precipitation/soil moisture index and run theory. Meteorological and agricultural drought duration, and propagation time, increased from 1850 to 2014, decreased significantly from 2015 to 2100 with change trends of –0.0027, –0.0197, and –0.002 month/year, respectively. Drought duration had a negative sensitivity to humidification, and agricultural drought was more sensitive than meteorological drought. Propagation time exhibited a greater sensitivity to meteorological humidification than agricultural humidification. The results also suggest that precipitation, evapotranspiration, and soil moisture are the main drivers of drought metric changes, with air temperature and crop cover exhibiting a strong indirect effect on drought metrics in the YRB. Decreased propagation time from meteorological to agricultural drought and decreased duration provide evidence for the accelerated occurrence and increased impact of drought, highlighting the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of drought metric changes under rapid climate change.

关键词： drought duration drought propagation climate change humidification Yellow River Basin CMIP6

Dominance of transposable element‑related satDNAs results in great complexity of“satDNA library”and invokes the extension towards“repetitive DNA library”

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 236-251页

作者： Monika Tunjić‑Cvitanić Daniel García‑Souto juan J.Pasantes EvaŠatović‑Vukšić Division of Molecular Biology Ruđer BoškovićInstitute10000 ZagrebCroatia Genomes and Disease Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CIMUS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical AnthropologyUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Centro de Investigación Mariña Dpto de BioquímicaXenética e InmunoloxíaUniversidade de Vigo36310 VigoSpain

Research on bivalves is fast-growing,including genome-wide analyses and genome *** characteristics qualify oysters as a valuable model to explore repetitive DNA sequences and their genome *** we char-acterize the satellitomes of five species in the family Ostreidae(Crassostrea angulata,***,***,***,Ostrea edulis),revealing a substantial number of satellite DNAs(satDNAs)per genome(ranging between 33 and 61)and peculiarities in the composition of their *** satDNAs were either associated to or derived from transposable elements,displaying a scarcity of transposable element-unrelated satDNAs in these *** to the non-conventional satellitome constitution and dominance of Helitron-associated satDNAs,comparative satellitomics demanded more in-depth analyses than standardly *** analyses(including ***,the first bivalve species with a defined satellitome)revealed that 13 satDNAs occur in all six oyster genomes,with Cg170/HindIII satDNA being the most abundant in all of *** the“satDNA library model”highlighted the necessity to adjust this term when studying tandem repeat evolution in organisms with such *** repetitive sequences with potential variation in the organizational form and repeat-type affiliation are examined across related species,the introduction of the terms“TE library”and“repetitive DNA library”becomes essential.

关键词： Satellitome Comparative satellitomics Helitron Bivalves “Dark matter of the genome”

Highly crystallization-induced emissive luminophores with mechanoluminescent features for two-photon harvesting fluorescence imaging and latent fingerprint identification

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6475-6482页

作者： Jian Lu juan Gao Rui-Xuan Qian Shuai-Hua Wang fa-Kun Zheng Guo-Cong Guo fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

fluorescence imaging can be employed in fields of medical treatment,astronomical exploration,and national defense *** fluorescence imaging often takes the single-photon techniques,which is vulnerable to background interference and ***,two-photon fluorescence imaging can achieve much higher-resolution fluorescence imaging for reducing scattering and deeper ***,by assembling the tetraphenylethylene backbones with nontoxic and non-noble K^(+)ions,compound 1([(Hdma)K(H_(2)ettc)]_(n),H_(4)ettc=4',4''',4''''',4'''''''-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrakis(([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid)))with the crystallization-induced emissions exhibited charming fluorescence imaging under two-photon excitation microscopy(TPEM).Besides,luminescent powders based on compound 1 can achieve high-resolution fingerprint recognition,providing secure access control and identification for a novel authentication *** with the commercial fluorescent dyes coumarin-6,the as-synthesized compound 1 showed great solvent stability,indicating its durability against harsh ***,compound 1 shows mechanoluminescent properties for the perturbation of weak supramolecular interactions within ordered arrangements of the H_(2)ettc^(2−)*** novel compound has provided an important insight to the development of twophoton fluorescence imaging and advanced external-stimuli responsive materials.

关键词： crystallization-induced emission fluorescence imaging two-photon absorption fingerprint recognition mechanoluminescence