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Prevalence and ecological factors affecting the distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in Prunus groves in Spain

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 566-589页

作者： Ilenia Clavero-Camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Pablo Castillo juan emilio palomares-rius Institute for Sustainable Agriculture(IAS) Spanish National Research Council(CSIC)Córdoba 14004Spain Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training(IFAPA) Centro Alameda del ObispoCórdoba 14004Spain

A wide survey was conducted to study plant-parasitic nematodes(PPNs)associated with Prunus groves in Spain.This research aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of PPNs in Prunus groves,as well as the influence of explanatory variables describing soil,climate and agricultural management in structuring the variation of PPNs community composition.A total of 218 sampling sites were surveyed and 84 PPN species belonging to 32 genera were identified based of an integrative taxonomic approach.PPN species considered as potential limiting factors in Prunus production,such as Meloidogyne arenaria,M.incognita,M.javanica,Pratylenchus penetrans and P.vulnus,were identified in this survey.Seven soil physico-chemical(C,Mg,N,Na,OM,P,pH and clay,loamy sand and sandy loam texture classes),four climate(Bio04,Bio05,Bio13 and Bio14)and four agricultural management variables(grove-use history less than 10 years,irrigation,apricot seedling rootstock,and Montclar rootstock)were identified as the most influential variables driving spatial patterns of PPNs communities.In particular,younger plantations showed higher values for species richness and diversity indices than groves cultivated for more than 20 years with Prunus spp.Our study increases the knowledge of the distribution and prevalence of PPNs associated with Prunus rhizosphere,as well as on the influence of explanatory variables driving the spatial structure PPNs communities,which has important implications for the successful design of sustainable management strategies in the future in this agricultural system.

关键词： nematodes Meloidogyne Pratylenchus Paratylenchus rootstock distribution soil grove-use almond peach

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Temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of a marine snail from NW Spain

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 163-173页

作者： juan Gefaell Ramon Vigo A.Honorato Gonzalez-Vazquez juan Galindo emilio Rolan-Alvarez Centro de Investigacion Marina Universidade de VigoDepartamento de BioquimicaGenetica e Inmunologia36310 VigoSpain

The evolution and maintenance of color clines is a classic topic of research in evolutionary ecology.However,studies analyzing the temporal dynamics of such clines are much less frequent,due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable data about past color distributions along environmen-tal gradients.In this article,we describe a case of decades-long temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis along the coastal inlet of the Ria de Vigo(NW Spain).L.saxatilis from this area shows a clear color cline with 3 distinct areas from the innermost to the more wave-exposed localities of the Ria:the inner,protected localities show an abundance of fawn-like individuals;the intermediate localities show a high diversity of colors;and the outer,wave-exposed localities show populations with a high frequency of a black and lineated morph.We compare data from the 1970s and 2022 in the same localities,showing that the cline has kept relatively stable for at least over half a century,except for some directional change and local variability in the frequency of certain morphs.Multiple regression analyses and biodiversity measures are presented to provide clues into the selective pressures that might be involved in the maintenance of this color cline.Future research avenues to properly test the explanatory power of these selective agents as well as the possible origins of the cline are discussed.

关键词： clinal variation color polymorphism ecological gradient Littorina saxatilis natural selection wave exposure.

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Proteomic analysis of F_(1)hybrids and intermediate variants in a Littorina saxatilis hybrid zone

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 351-359页

作者： Angel P.DIZ Mónica R.ROMERO juan GALINDO María SAURA David O.F.SKIBINSKI emilio ROLÁN-ALVAREZ Centro de Investigación Mariña(CIM-UVIGO) Universidade de VigoVigo 36310Spain Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal INIAMadrid 28040Spain Institute of Life Science Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea SA28PPUK

Proteomic analysis was carried out on the Crab(upper-shore)and Wave(lower-shore)ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis from a hybrid zone at Silleiro Cape,Spain.Proteome profiles of individual snails were obtained.Protein expression in F_(1)hybrid snails bred in the laboratory and snails with intermediate shell phenotypes collected from the mid-shore were compared with Crab and Wave ecotypes using analytical approaches used to study dominance.Multivariate analysis over many protein spots showed that the F_(1)snails are distinct from both ecotypes but closer to the Wave ecotype.The intermediate snails are highly variable,some closer to the Crab and others to the Wave ecotype.Considered on a protein by protein basis,some proteins are significantly closer in expression to the Crab and others to the Wave ecotype for both F_(1)and intermediate snails.Furthermore,a significant majority of proteins were closer in expression to the Wave ecotype for the F_(1),consistent with the multivariate analysis.No such significant majority toward either the Crab or Wave ecotype was observed for the intermediate snails.The closer similarity of F_(1)and Wave ecotype expression patterns could be the result of similar selective pressures in the similar mid-shore and low-shore environments.For a significantly larger number of proteins,intermediate snails were closer in expression to the ecotype having the lower expression,for both Crab and Wave ecotypes.This is somewhat unexpected as lower expression might be expected to be an indication of impairment of function and lower fitness.Proteomic analysis could be important for the identification of candidate proteins useful for gaining improved understanding of adaptation and barriers to gene flow in hybrid zones.

关键词： F_(1)hybrids gene expression marine invertebrates molecular phenotype reproductive isolation speciation

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Fuel load and flight ranges of blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla in northern Iberia during autumn and spring migrations

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Current Zoology 2009年第6期55卷 401-410页

作者： juan ARIZAGA emilio BARBA Department of Zoology and Ecology University of Navarra "Cavanilles" Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia

Fuel accumulation,mainly as fatty acids,is one of the main characteristics of migratory birds.Studying to what extent each population or species manages fuel load and how it varies along routes of migration or between seasons(autumn and spring migrations)is crucial to our understanding of bird migration strategies.Our aim here was to analyse whether migratory blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla passing through northern Iberia differ in their mean fuel loads,rate of fuel accumulation and 'potential' flight ranges between migration seasons.Blackcaps were mist netted for 4 h-periods beginning at dawn from 16 September to 15 November 2003-2005,and from 1 March to 30 April 2004-2006 in a European Atlantic hedgerow at Loza,northern Iberia.Both fuel load and fuel deposition rate(this latter assessed with difference in body mass of within-season recaptured individuals)were higher in autumn than in spring.Possible hypotheses explaining these results could be seasonal-associated variations in food availability(likely lower during spring than during autumn),the fact that a fraction of the migrants captured in spring could breed close to the study area and different selective pressures for breeding and wintering.

关键词：秋季燃料迁移飞行鸟类迁徙载荷季节变化载油量

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Age and sex differences in niche use at molt and its effect on plumage coloration characteristics in a bird

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 251-260页

作者： emilio PAGANI-NUNEZ Craig R.A.BARNETT juan Carlos SENAR State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Department of Ecology/School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Department of Zoology Graduate School of Science University of Kyoto Kitashirakawaoiwake-cho Sakio-ku Kyoto Japan Natural History Museum of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Bird plumage is often very colorful and can communicate the quality of the bearer to conspecifics. These plumage-based signals of quality are composed of multiple pigments (e.g., melanin and carote no ids). Therefore, sex and age classes, which often show marked differe nces in plumage coloration, may have different dietary needs for the different plumage components and this might promote pref ere nces for differe nt dietary niches at different molting stages. However, no study has addressed the role that changes in niche use play in the expression of multiple component plumage signals in birds. We used stable isotope analysis to test the hypothesis that niche use is related to age and sex and to differently cultured plumage patches, yellow carotenoid-based and black melanin-based, in great tits Parus major. We recorded high niche overlap between plumage patches, although δ15N was higher in black than yellow plumage. Niche overlap was relatively low for age classes and relatively high for sex classes, and age classes showed a contrasting pattern of niche overlap between carotenoid- and melanin-based plumages. Moreover,δ13C, but not δ15N, had a significant negative relationship with carotenoid-based plumage, which was only apparent in juveniles. Take n together, our results demonstrate that n iche use had a moderate in fluence on plumage coloration characteristics of great tit individuals, mostly associated with δ13C rather than with δ15N and with age rather than with sex. Therefore, our study is significant because it confirms the releva nee of n iche use duri ng orn ame nt production in free-livi ng birds.

关键词： carotenoids great tits melanin multiple ornaments niche overlap stable isotopes

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Plant micro-reserves in Valencia(E. Spain):A model to preserve threatened flora in China?

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 383-389页

作者： Simón Fos emilio Laguna juan Jimenez Miguel Angel Gómez-Serrano VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Corts Valencianes Servicio de Vida Silvestre Generalitat Valenciana C./ Castan Tobenas Centro para la Experimentación e Investigación Forestal (CIEF) Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Comarques del País Valencia

The Valencian Community(eastern Spain) was the pioneer territory establishing plant micro-reserves(PMRs). Its model to protect small sites for endemic and endangered plants has been exported to several countries around the globe. This paper highlights 1) the role of PMRs to complement the protection provided by large protected areas, 2) how the establishment of PMRs fosters the increase of floristic knowledge, and 3)the fact that continuous monitoring of PMRs also yields new records of endangered species found within the same PMRs. The flexibility of the PMR approach-it can be adapted to other national and regional legislationsallows its transfer to other rich-biodiversity regions and countries such as China.

关键词： Plant micro-reserves in situ conservation Threatened species Endemic plants Protected areas

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Limited proteomic response in the marine snail Melarhaphe neritoides after long-term emersion

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 487-493页

作者： Angel R DIZ Margarita ALVAREZ-RODRiGUEZ Monica R. ROMERO emilio FOLAN-ALVAREZ juan GALINDO Department of Biochemistry Genetics and Immunology Faculty of Biology University of Vigo Vigo 36310 Spain Toralla Marine Science Station (ECIMAT) Universidad de Vigo Vigo 36331 Spain Institute of Marine Research (IIM) CSIC Vigo 36208 Spain

Rocky intertidal organisms are commonly exposed to environmental gradients, promoting adapta-tions to these conditions. Emersion time varies along the intertidal range and in the supralittoralzone is frequently larger than a single tidal cycle, even lasting for weeks. The planktonic-dispersinggastropod Melarhaphe neritoides is a common species of the high shore, adapted to reduce waterloss in order to survive during long-term emersion. In this study, we investigated the molecular re-sponse, at the proteome level, of M. neritoides collected in high-shore tide pools to a series ofemersion periods, from 8 to 24 days, in laboratory conditions. We compared this response to indi-viduals maintained submerged during this period, because this was their original habitat. We alsoincluded a reversion treatment in the study, in which emersed individuals were returned to the sub-merged conditions. Although we detected an increase in overall protein concentration with longeremersion periods, contrary to general expectation, the two dimensional electrophoresis （2DE）-based proteomic analysis did not show significant differences between the treatments at the levelof individual protein spots, even after an emersion period of 24 days. Our results suggest that themetabolism remains unaltered independent of the treatment carried out or the changes are verysubtle and therefore difficult to detect with our experimental design. We conclude that M. neri-toides could be equally adapted to emersion and submersion without drastic physiologicalchanges.

关键词： daptation, 2DE proteomics, environmental gradient, intertidal zone, metabolic rate depression.

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A socioeconomic approach to the profile of microcredit holders from the Hispanic minority in the USA

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 484-508页

作者： Salvador Cruz Rambaud Joaquín López Pascual emilio M.Santandreu Departamento de Economía y Empresa Universidad de Almería04120 AlmeríaSpain Departamento de Economía de la Empresa Universidad Rey Juan Carlos28032 VicálvaroMadridSpain OUR Microlending LLC MiamiFL 33145USA

The subject of this study is the microcredit market in the USA,more specifically in Florida.The justification for choosing this specific state is the massive presence of the Hispanic population.This will facilitate a generalization of the obtained results to the microcredit market in Latin American countries.Thus,the objective of this study is to analyze the profile of microcredit holders and their companies from socioeconomic and financial points of view.As our data also consider the degree of repayment of the microloans included in the sample,the clients’profile is related to the punctuality or default of their corresponding loan repayments using the methodology of multi-nomial logit regression.The variables used in this study refer to personal information concerning borrowers(gender,age,education level,and marital status),the economic situation of their respective companies(closeness to the lender,number of workers,and revenues),and the characteristics of granted loans(principal,term,and purpose).However,the results of the regression show that only two variables are significant at the 5%significance level:the borrower’s age,which has a positive effect on repay-ment punctuality,and the loan term,which exhibits a negative effect.The findings of this study have clear implications,as they can help lenders design suitable microloans adjusted to customer profiles.Finally,future research should include other demograph-ics and characteristics of affected companies.

关键词： Microcredit Customer profile Socioeconomic factors Multinomial logit regression Repayment Microentrepreneurship

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Pancreas sparing duodenectomy in the treatment of primary duodenal neoplasms and other situations with duodenal involvement

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第5期20卷 485-492页

作者： Juli Busquets Josefina Lopez-Dominguez Ana Gonzalez-Castillo Marina Vila Nuria Pelaez Lluis Secanella emilio Ramos juan Fabregat Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeResearch Group of Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic DiseasesInstitut d'InvestigacióBiomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELLBarcelona UniversityL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08907Spain Department of General Surgery Hospital del MarBarcelona 08907Spain Department of General Surgery Hospital de MataróBarcelona 08907Spain

Background:There are no clearly defined indications for pancreas-preserving duodenectomy.The present study aimed to analyze postoperative morbidity and the outcomes of patients undergoing pancreaspreserving duodenectomy.Methods:Patients undergoing pancreas-preserving duodenectomy from April 2008 to May 2020 were included.We divided the series according to indication:scenario 1,primary duodenal tumors;scenario 2,tumors of another origin with duodenal involvement;and scenario 3,emergency duodenectomy.Results:We included 35 patients.Total duodenectomy was performed in 1 patient of adenomatous duodenal polyposis,limited duodenectomy in 7,and third+fourth duodenal portion resection in 27.The indications for scenario 1 were gastrointestinal stromal tumor(n=13),adenocarcinoma(n=4),neuroendocrine tumor(n=3),duodenal adenoma(n=1),and adenomatous duodenal polyposis(n=1);scenario 2:retroperitoneal desmoid tumor(n=2),recurrence of liposarcoma(n=2),retroperitoneal paraganglioma(n=1),neuroendocrine tumor in pancreatic uncinate process(n=1),and duodenal infiltration due to metastatic adenopathies of a germinal tumor with digestive hemorrhage(n=1);and scenario 3:aortoenteric fistula(n=3),duodenal trauma(n=1),erosive duodenitis(n=1),and biliopancreatic limb ischemia(n=1).Severe complications(Clavien-Dindo≥IIIb)developed in 14%(5/35),and postoperative mortality was 3%(1/35).Conclusions:Pancreas-preserving duodenectomy is useful in the management of primary duodenal tumors,and is a technical option for some tumors with duodenal infiltration or in emergency interventions.

关键词： Duodenectomy Duodenal neoplasms Organ sparing treatments Pancreatic surgery Duodenal diseases

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Regulatory T cells in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases treated with adacolumn granulocytapheresis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第10期14卷 1521-1527页

作者： emilio Cuadrado Marta Alonso Maria Dolores de juan Pilar Echaniz juan Ignacio Arenas Immunology and Digestive units Hospital Donostia Donostia 20014 Spain

AIM: To investigate if the clinical efficacy of granulocytes and monocytes by adsorption (GMA) is associated with an increased frequency of peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs), as these cells have proven to be successful in suppressing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in animal models. METHODS: We report four cases of corticosteroid- dependent ulcerative colitis (UC) and two Crohn’s disease (CD) cases with severe cutaneous lesions who received GMA therapy. The frequency of CD4+ CD25high (Tregs) in peripheral blood was analyzed by flow cytometry and the expression of FoxP3 and TGF beta in purified CD4+ T cells was determined by real time PCR prior to and one month after the last apheresis session, and at the time of endoscopic and clinical assessing. RESULTS: Increased expression of Fox P3 mRNA was found in all five patients who responded to cytapheresis with remission of clinical symptoms, mucosal inflammation and cutaneous lesions, and an increased frequency of circulating Tregs was found in four patients. These changes were not observed in the patient with UC who did no respond to GMA. Variations in TGF-β (mRNA) did not parallel that of FoxP3 mRNA. CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy of GMA on IBD and related extra intestinal manifestations was associated with an expansion of circulating CD4+ CD25+ Tregs and higher expression of FoxP3 in CD4+ T cells. Accordingly, an elevated CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3 may be a valuable index of remission in patients with IBD and other chronic relapsing-remitting inflammatory conditions during treatment with GMA.

关键词：炎性肠疾病 T细胞粒性白细胞单核细胞

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