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Developing a Forest Management Plan (DFMP) for Gatsibo District in the Eastern Province of Rwanda

Open Journal of Forestry 2018年第2期8卷 247-265页

作者： Felix Rurangwa Mwangi James Kinyanjui Frederick Bazimaziki Jacques Peeters Anicet Munyehirwe Francis Musoke Gaspard Nelson Habiyaremye Dismas Bakundukize Prime Ngabonziza jost uwase Rwanda Water and Forestry Authority (RWFA) Kigali Rwanda Department of Natural Resources Karatina University Karatina Kenya Belgian Technical Cooperation Kigali Rwanda Inclusive Business and Consultancy (IB & C Ltd.) Kigali Rwanda The International Union for Conservation of Nature (Forest Landscape Restoration Kigali Office) Kigali Rwanda Rwanda Land Management and Use Authority Kigali Rwanda

In support of conservation of its fragile land resource, the government of Rwanda has proposed the management of all forests in the country under a specific management plan. This assignment sought to develop a management plan for the public productive forests of Gatsibo District in Eastern province of Rwanda. Data was collected from 1468 plots, proportionally allocated by size to the 375 forest stands. Information about the forest (qualitative data) was recorded and then forest measurements (inventory) done in a concentric cycle of 9.77 m and 3.99 m radius and all data recorded in a digital format using the survey CTO platform. The data was summarized and analyzed in a harmonized forest management tool for Rwanda comprising of six interlinked excel files based on Rwanda’s silvicultural regimes and treatments. This analysis resulted to planning for silvicultural activities in each forest up to the year 2070. Results show that the public plantation forests of Gatsibo are poorly stocked mainly due to poor management and the best stocked forest had a basal area of only 13.3 m2/ha. This implied low forest volumes for each of the wood requirements;timber wood, service wood and energy wood. Eucalyptus forests are the most common but are poorly stocked compared to the Pinus patula forests which are even aged by plantation. A projection of stocks shows that the forests can be sustained with an average wood volume of 73 m3/ha, to provide harvests yearly and reduce the wood supply and demand gap in the district. A viability analysis indicates that some forests are viable for leasing with good profits in the short term (10 years) and full term planning (40 years). However, some forests may not be commercially viable due to their current stocks and agro bioclimatic conditions, and these would be rehabilitated for ecosystem services. This plan supports the restoration of the forests of Gatsibo district through provision of specific guidelines for the management of the forests.

关键词： Forest Management Planning

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Dirac-harmonic maps with the trivial index

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Science China Mathematics 2024年

作者： Jürgen jost Linlin Sun Jingyong Zhu Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences School of Mathematics and Statistics Guangxi Normal University School of Mathematics Sichuan University

For a homotopy class [u] of maps between a closed Riemannian manifold M and a general manifold N, we want to find a Dirac-harmonic map with the map component in the given homotopy class. Most known results require the index to be nontrivial. When the index is trivial, the few known results are all constructive and produce uncoupled solutions. In this paper, we define a new quantity. As a byproduct of proving the homotopy invariance of this new quantity, we find a new simple proof for the fact that all the Dirac-harmonic spheres in surfaces are uncoupled. More importantly, by using the homotopy invariance of this new quantity,we prove the existence of Dirac-harmonic maps from manifolds in the trivial index case. In particular, when the domain is a closed Riemann surface, we prove the short-time existence of the α-Dirac-harmonic map flow in the trivial index case. Together with the density of the minimal kernel, we get an existence result for Dirac-harmonic maps from closed Riemann surfaces to K¨ahler manifolds, which extends the previous result of the first and third authors. This establishes a general existence theory for Dirac-harmonic maps in the context of the trivial index.

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Retinal nerve fiber layer defects and chronic kidney disease:the Kailuan Eye Study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1696-1706页

作者： Qian-Qian Wan Jin-Qiong Zhou Li-Jian Fang Ya-Xing Wang Ye-Nan Wang Qian Wang Yan-Ni Yan Xuan Yang Shou-Ling Wu Shuo-Hua Chen jost B Jonas Wen-Bin Wei Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and TreatmentBeijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key LabMedical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Ophthalmology the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Liangxiang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 102400China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Ophthalmology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshan 063000Hebei ProvinceChina Health Care Center Kailuan GroupTangshan 063000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69117Germany

AIM:To investigate whether retinal nerve fiber layer defects(RNFLDs)is a potential risk factor for chronic kidney disease(CKD)in Chinese ***:The Kailuan Eye Study was a populationbased study that included 14440 *** participants underwent detailed assessments,RNFLDs were diagnosed using color fundus ***:Overall,12507 participants[8533 males(68.23%)]had complete systemic examination data and at least one evaluable fundus *** were found in 621 participants[5.0%;95%confidence interval(CI):4.6%-5.34%],and 70 cases of multiple RNFLDs were found(11.27%).After adjusting multiple factors,RNFLDs was significantly associated with CKD severity,the ORs of CKD stage 3,stage 4 and stage 5 were 1.698,4.167,and 9.512,*** RNFLDs were also associated with CKD severity after adjusting multiple factors,the ORs of CKD stage 3 and stage 5 were 4.465 and 11.833 ***,2294 participants had CKD(18.34%,95%CI:17.68%-18.99%).After adjusting for other factors,CKD presence was significantly correlated with the presence of ***:The strongest risk factors for RNFLDs are CKD and ***,RNFLDs can be an ocular feature in patients with *** can help detect systemic diseases,and assessment for RNFLDs should be considered in CKD patients.

关键词： chronic kidney disease retinal nerve fiber layer defects Kailuan Eye Study fundus examination

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无弹性物质参与的密封是未来的趋势

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流程工业 2024年第4期 14-17页

作者： Harry jost Anja Quattelbaum Matthias Dörr NEUMO GmbH+Co.KG

即将实施的PFAS(全氟和多氟烷基化合物)禁令以及更严格的TA Luft(空气清洁技术标准)排放限值,是当前困扰着化工和生命科学行业从业者的两大热门话题。这使得管道连接如何能够实现安全密封并符合法规要求成为焦点问题。本文描述了制药、... 详细信息

即将实施的PFAS(全氟和多氟烷基化合物)禁令以及更严格的TA Luft(空气清洁技术标准)排放限值,是当前困扰着化工和生命科学行业从业者的两大热门话题。这使得管道连接如何能够实现安全密封并符合法规要求成为焦点问题。本文描述了制药、生物科技、食品和化工及氢能领域在这样的政策环境下所面临的问题,并给出了解决方案。此外,本文还特别介绍了不含弹性密封材料的管道连接件,并强调了无弹性物质参与的密封是未来的趋势。

关键词：连接件密封交叉污染

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How sensing arsenite helps plants survive on toxic soils

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1424-1426页

作者： Ricarda jost Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyAustralian Research HUB for Medicinal AgricultureLa Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food(LIAF)La Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia

Metals and metalloids are present in soils and ground *** constitute both essential plant nutrients and potent ***(As)is one of the most prevalent toxic compounds in soil with average concentrations between 5 and 7.5 mg kg 1 facing constant enrichment through anthropogenic activities,as well as soil weathering and volcanism Wenzel(2013).Both phosphorus(P)and As are non-metals found alongside nitrogen(N)in group 15 of the periodic table.

关键词： soils soil phosphorus

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Does social context affect boldness in juveniles？

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 639-645页

作者： Siobhan LOFTUS jost BORCHERDING Institute of Zoology of the University of Cologne Department of General Ecology & Limnology Ecological FieldStation Grietherbusch D-50923 Cologne Germany

Differences in boldness are common between populations or between related species and are discussed as part of individual coping style, personality, or behavioral syndrome. Boldness has been found to be dependent on experience, social, and environmental contexts. The major aim of the present study was to establish an experimental environment that would allow analyzing the risk-taking behavior of 2 competing invasive goby species. Neogobius melanostomus was more active in the absence of a predator Sander lucioperca than N. fluviatilis and clearly spent more time ＂swimming＂ and ＂feeding＂ than N. fluviatilis. In addition, N. melanostomus was always faster than N. fluviatilis both when leaving the shelter and reaching offered food. Based on the different behaviors recorded, species-specific boldness scores were established using a principal component analysis. Although there was no overall difference in boldness scores between the 2 species, both competitive conditions and the effect of the predator played significant roles as factors influencing boldness. Neogobius melanostomus was more affected by the presence/absence of the predator than the social circumstances. Neogobius fluviatilis, on the other hand, was more active and bolder in competitive situations. However, when alone, N. fluviatilis was rather inactive and displayed altogether shy behavior, independent of the presence/ absence of the predator. Thus, the study confirms the prediction that there are differences in behavior and behavioral plasticity, and therein predator-avoidance strategies, between ecologically similar species of goby living in sympatry. We argue that these differences may be related to differential habitat use of both invasive species that presently dominate the fish community in the Lower Rhine.

关键词： boldness score Neogobius fluviatilis Neogobius melanostomus predator-avoidance social environment.

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Alternative wood treatment with blends of linseed oil,alcohols and pyrolysis oil

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第4期7卷 278-287页

作者： jost Ruwoldt Kai Toven RISE PFI AS Høgskoleringen 6BTrondheim 7491Norway

Linseed oil is a common wood treatment agent,which is often blended with naphthenic oil during its *** this study,we developed new types of linseed oil blends,where the naphthenic oil was substituted with alcohols and pyrolysis *** miscibility tests revealed,linseed oil can be blended indefinitely with primary alcohols containing three carbon atoms or *** addition,kinetic stability of three-component-mixtures was found,which comprised linseed oil,alcohol and pyrolysis *** developed blends were further tested for their viscosity and rate of solvent *** last,trial impregnations of wood were done to test this new treatment *** uptake of treatment oil and the effect on water repellency varied,and substituting white spirit with propanol and pyrolysis oil showed *** latter were miscible with 50%(wt)linseed oil at concentrations of 37.5%1-or 2-propanol and 12.5%pyrolysis *** with the reference case,treatment with this agent markedly decreased the water-uptake of the *** study hence attributes great potential to the newly developed linseed oil blends,which may introduce additional product characteristics and generate value to byproducts via pyrolysis.

关键词： Wood treatment Wood impregnation Royal process Linseed oil treatment Pyrolysis oil

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Influence of temperature and pressure during thermoforming of softwood pulp

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 408-420页

作者： Eva Pasquier Robert Skunde jost Ruwoldt RISE PFI AS Høgskoleringen 6BTrondheim 7491Norway TU-Berlin Institute for Polymer Technology and Polymer PhysicsErnst Reuter Platz 1Berlin 10587Germany

In this study,the influence of thermoforming conditions on the resulting material properties was investigated,which aimed at developing advanced wood-fiber-based materials for the replacement of fossil *** bleached softwood pulps were studied,i.e.,northern bleached softwood Kraft pulp(NBSK)and chemi-thermomechanical softwood pulp(CTMP).The thermoforming conditions were varied between 2–100 MPa and 150–200℃,while pressing sheets of 500 g/m^(2)for 10 min to represent thin-walled packaging more *** our results showed,the temperature had a more pronounced effect on the CTMP substrates than on the Kraft *** was explained by the greater abundance of lignin and hemicelluloses,while fibrillar dimensions and the fines content may play a role in ***,the CTMP exhibited an optimum in terms of tensile strength at intermediate thermoforming *** effect was attributed to two counteracting effects:1)Improved fiber adhesion due to enhanced densification,and 2)embrittlement caused by the loss of *** temperatures likely softened the lignin,enabling fiber collapse and a tighter *** the Kraft substrates,the tensile strength increased linearly with *** pulps showed reduced wetting at elevated thermoforming temperature and pressure,which was attributed to hornification and densification ***,the effect of temperature was again more pronounced for CTMP than for the Kraft *** was concluded that the thermoforming temperature and pressure strongly affected the properties of the final *** chemical composition of the pulps will distinctly affect their response to thermoforming,which could be useful for tailoring cellulose-based replacements for packaging products.

关键词： Thermoforming Molded pulp Fiber-based materials Softwood pulp CTMP NBSK

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Facing different predators： adaptiveness of behavioral and morphological traits under predation

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 249-257页

作者： Martina HEYNEN Nils BUNNEFELD jost BORCHERDING Department of General Ecology and Limnology Ecological Field Station Grietherbusch Zoological Institute of the University of Cologne Rees Germany Department of Chemistry Umea University Umea Sweden Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Umea University Umea Sweden Department of Life Sciences Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK

Predation is thought to be one of the main structuring forces in animal communities. However, se- lective predation is often measured on isolated traits in response to a single predatory species, but only rarely are selective forces on several traits quantified or even compared between different predators naturally occurring in the same system. In the present study, we therefore measured be- havioral and morphological traits in young-of-the-year Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis and com- pared their selective values in response to the 2 most common predators, adult perch and pike Esox lucius. Using mixed effects models and model averaging to analyze our data, we quantified and compared the selectivity of the 2 predators on the different morphological and behavioral traits. We found that selection on the behavioral traits was higher than on morphological traits and perch predators preyed overall more selectively than pike predators. Pike tended to positively se- lect shallow bodied and nonvigilant individuals （i.e. individuals not performing predator inspec- tion）. In contrast, perch predators selected mainly for bolder juvenile perch （i.e. individuals spend- ing more time in the open, more active）, which was most important. Our results are to the best of our knowledge the first that analyzed behavioral and morphological adaptations of juvenile perch facing 2 different predation strategies. We found that relative specific predation intensity for the di- vergent traits differed between the predators, providing some additional ideas why juvenile perch display such a high degree of phenotypic plasticity.

关键词： behavior morphological variation Perca f/uviatilis perch pike predator-specific defenses selective predation

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A Generalized Discrete Morse-Floer Theory

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2019年第3期7卷 225-252页

作者： Jürgen jost Sylvia Yaptieu Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences Inselstrasse 2204103 LeipzigGermany Santa Fe Institute for the Sciences of Complexity Santa FeNM 87501USA

Forman has developed a version of discrete Morse theory that can be understood in terms of arrow patterns on a(simplicial,polyhedral or cellular)complex without closed orbits,where each cell may either have no arrows,receive a single arrow from one of its facets,or conversely,send a single arrow into a cell of which it is a *** following arrows,one can then construct a natural Floer-type boundary ***,we develop such a construction for arrow patterns where each cell may support several outgoing or incoming arrows(but not both),again in the absence of closed *** main technical achievement is the construction of a boundary operator that squares to 0 and therefore recovers the homology of the underlying complex.

关键词： CW complex Boundary operator Floer theory Poincarépolynomial Betti number Discrete Morsetheory Discrete Morse-Floertheory Conleytheory

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