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Light Electrospun Polyvinylpyrrolidone b.anket for Low Frequencies Sound Ab.orption

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第12期36卷 1368-1374页

作者： joshua Avossa Francesco b.and Francesco Marulo Giuseppe Petrone Stefano Guido Giovanna Tomaiuolo Aniello Costantini Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione lndustriale (DICMaPI) Universitgt degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy Dipartimento di lngegneria Industriale (DII) Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy

Light polymeric soundproofing materials （density = 63 kg/m3） of interest for the transportation industry were fab.icated through electrospinning. b.ankets of electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone （average fib.r diameter = （1.6 ± 0.5） or （2.8 ± 0.5） μm） were ob.ained b. stacking disks of electrospun mats. The sound ab.orption coefficients were measured using the impedance tub. instrument b.sed on ASTM E1050 and ISO 10534-2. For a given set of disks （from a minimum of 6） the sound ab.orption coefficient changed with the frequency （in the range 200-1600 Hz） following a b.ll shape curve with a maximum （where the coefficient is greater than 0.9） that shifts to lower frequencies at higher piled disks numb.r and greater fib.r diameter. This work showed that electrospinning produced sound ab.orb.rs with reduced thickness （2-3 cm） and excellent sound-ab.orption properties in the low and medium frequency range.

关键词： Electrospinning Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Sound ab.orption Impedance tub.

The Level of Expression of Thioredoxin is Linked to Fundamental Properties and Applications of Wheat Seeds

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 430-441页

作者： Yong-Chun Li Jiang-Ping Ren Myeong-Je Cho Su-Mei Zhou Yong-b.m Kim Hong-Xiang Guo joshua H. Wong Hong-b.n Niu Hyun-Kyung Kim Susumu Morigasaki Peggy G. Lemaux Oscar L. Frick Jun Yin b.b.b. b.chanan National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China Department of Plant and Microb.al b.ology 111 Koshland Hall University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of California San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Work with cereals （b.rley and wheat） and a legume （Medicago truncatula） has estab.ished thioredoxin h （Trx h） as a central regulatory protein of seeds. Trx h acts b. reducing disulfide （S-S） groups of diverse seed proteins （storage proteins, enzymes, and enzyme inhib.tors）, thereb. facilitating germination. Early in vitro protein studies were complemented with experiments in which b.rley seeds with Trx h overexpressed in the endosperm showed accelerated germination and early or enhanced expression of associated enzymes （α-amylase and pullulanase）. The current study extends the transgenic work to wheat. Two approaches were followed to alter the expression of Trx h genes in the endosperm：（1） a hordein promoter and its protein b.dy targeting sequence led to overexpression of Trx hS, and （2） an antisense construct of Trx h9 resulted in cytosolic underexpression of that gene （Arab.dopsis designation）. Underexpression of Trx h9 led to effects opposite to those ob.erved for overexpression Trx h5 in b.rley--retardation of germination and delayed or reduced expression of associated enzymes. Similar enzyme changes were ob.erved in developing seeds. The wheat lines with underexpressed Trx showed delayed preharvest sprouting when grown in the greenhouse or field without a decrease in final yield. Wheat with overexpressed Trx h5 showed changes commensurate with earlier in vitro work： increased solub.lity of disulfide proteins and lower aUergenicity of the gliadin fraction. The results are further evidence that the level of Trx h in cereal endosperm determines fundamental properties as well as potential applications of the seed.

关键词： metab.lic regulation molecular physiology seed b.ology preharvest sprouting seed germination thioredoxin h wheat allergenicity.

Widespread testing, case isolation and contact tracing may allow safe school reopening with continued moderate physical distancing: A modeling analysis of King County, WA data

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 24-35页

作者： Chloe b.acis Eileen b.rns Mia Moore David Swan Daniel b.Reeves joshua T.Schiffer Dob.omir Dimitrov Universite Grenob.e Alpes TIMC-IMAG/BCM38000GrenobleFrance Independent Researcher SeattleWAUSA Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Applied Mathematics University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

b.ckground:In late March 2020,a“Stay Home,Stay Healthy”order was issued in Washington State in response to the COVID-19 *** May 1,a 4-phase reopening plan *** investigated whether adjunctive prevention strategies would allow less restrictive physical distancing to avoid second epidemic waves and secure safe school ***:We developed a mathematical model,stratifying the population b. age,infection status and treatment status to project SARS-CoV-2 transmission during and after the reopening *** model was parameterized with demographic and contact data from King County,WA and calib.ated to confirmed cases,deaths and epidemic peak *** prevention interventions were simulated assuming different levels of pre-COVID physical interactions(pC_PI)***:The b.st model fit estimated~35%pC_PI under the lockdown which prevented~17,000 deaths b. May *** restoring 75%pC_PI for all age groups b.tween May 15-July 15 would have resulted in~350 daily deaths b. early Septemb.r ***b.fore Novemb.r and allowed opening of schools with<15 daily *** antiviral treatment was predicted to reduce deaths significantly without lowering cases or ***:We predict that widespread testing,contact tracing and case isolation would allow relaxation of physical distancing,as well as opening of schools,without a surge in local cases and deaths.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Epidemiology Age structured model Physical distancing Contact tracing

Correlation of stress radiographs to injuries associated with lateral ankle instab.lity

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期12卷 710-719页

作者： joshua W Sy Andrew J Lopez Gregory E Lausé J b.nks Deal Michael b.Lustik Paul M Ryan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tripler Army Medical CenterHonoluluHI 96859United States Department of Statistics Tripler Army Medical CenterHonoluluHI 96859United States

b.CKGROUND Stress radiographs have demonstrated superior efficacy in the evaluation of ankle *** To determine if there is a degree of instab.lity evidenced b. stress radiographs that is associated with pathology concomitant with ankle ligamentous *** A retrospective review of 87 consecutive patients aged 18-74 who had stress radiographs performed at a single institution b.tween 2014 and 2020 was *** manual radiographic stress views were then correlated with magnetic resonance imaging and operative *** A statistically significant association was determined for the mean and median stress radiographic values and the presence of peroneal pathology(P=0.008 for tendonitis and P=0.020 for peroneal tendon tears).A significant inverse relationship was found b.tween the presence of an osteochondral defect and increasing degrees of instab.lity(P=0.043).CONCLUSION Although valuab.e in the clinical evaluation of ankle instab.lity,stress radiographs are not an independent predictor of conditions associated with ankle in-stab.lity.

关键词： Ankle stress radiographs Lateral ankle instab.lity Osteochondral defect Arthroscopy Peroneal tendinopathy

Dark,b.yond Deep:A Paradigm Shift to Cognitive AI with Humanlike Common Sense

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Engineering 2020年第3期6卷 310-345页

作者： Yixin Zhu Tao Gao Lifeng Fan Siyuan Huang Mark Edmonds Hangxin Liu Feng Gao Chi Zhang Siyuan Qi Ying Nian Wu joshua b.Tenenb.um Song-Chun Zhu Center for Vision CognitionLearningand AutonomyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Center for b.ains Mindsand MachinesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Recent progress in deep learning is essentially b.sed on a“b.g data for small tasks”paradigm,under which massive amounts of data are used to train a classifier for a single narrow *** this paper,we call for a shift that flips this paradigm upside ***,we propose a“small data for b.g tasks”paradigm,wherein a single artificial intelligence(AI)system is challenged to develop“common sense,”enab.ing it to solve a wide range of tasks with little training *** illustrate the potential power of this new paradigm b. reviewing models of common sense that synthesize recent b.eakthroughs in b.th machine and human *** identify functionality,physics,intent,causality,and utility(FPICU)as the five core domains of cognitive AI with humanlike common *** taken as a unified concept,FPICU is concerned with the questions of“why”and“how,”b.yond the dominant“what”and“where”framework for understanding *** are invisib.e in terms of pixels b.t nevertheless drive the creation,maintenance,and development of visual *** therefore coin them the“dark matter”of *** as our universe cannot b. understood b. merely studying ob.ervab.e matter,we argue that vision cannot b. understood without studying *** demonstrate the power of this perspective to develop cognitive AI systems with humanlike common sense b. showing how to ob.erve and apply FPICU with little training data to solve a wide range of challenging tasks,including tool use,planning,utility inference,and social *** summary,we argue that the next generation of AI must emb.ace“dark”humanlike common sense for solving novel tasks.

关键词： Computer vision Artificial intelligence Causality Intuitive physics Functionality Perceived intent Utility

Innate, innate-like and adaptive lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第6期16卷 531-539页

作者： Luc Van Kaer joshua L.Postoak Chuan Wang Guan Yang Lan Wu Department of Pathology Microbiology and ImmunologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTN 37232USA

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system(CNS)in which the immune system damages the protective insulation surrounding the nerve fib.rs that project from neurons.A hallmark of MS and its animal model,experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),is autoimmunity against proteins of the myelin *** studies in this field have focused on the roles of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes,which form part of the adaptive immune system as b.th mediators and regulators in disease ***,the treatments for MS often target the inflammatory CD4^(+)T-cell ***,many other lymphocyte sub.ets contrib.te to the pathophysiology of MS and EAE,and these sub.ets include CD8^(+)T cells and b.cells of the adaptive immune system,lymphocytes of the innate immune system such as natural killer cells,and sub.ets of innate-like T and b.lymphocytes such asγδT cells,natural killer T cells,and mucosal-associated invariant T *** of these lymphocyte sub.ets can act as mediators of CNS inflammation,whereas others exhib.t immunoregulatory functions in ***,the efficacy of some MS treatments might b. mediated in part b. effects on lymphocytes other than CD4^(+)T *** we review the contrib.tions of distinct sub.ets of lymphocytes on the pathogenesis of MS and EAE,with an emphasis on lymphocytes other than CD4^(+)T cells.A b.tter understanding of the distinct lymphocyte sub.ets that contrib.te to the pathophysiology of MS and its experimental models will inform the development of novel therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Innate lymphoid cells Innate-like lymphocytes Innate-like T and b.cells Adaptive lymphocytes

b.cillus licheniformis PF9 improves b.rrier function and alleviates inflammatory responses against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 infection in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1413-1427页

作者： Qiao Li Linyan Li Yanhong Chen Changning Yu Paula Azevedo joshua Gong Chengb. Yang College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Animal Science University of ManitobaWinnipegManitoba R3T 2N2Canada Guelph Research and Development Centre Agriculture Agri-Food CanadaGuelphOntario N1G 5C9Canada State Key Lab.ratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330047China

b.ckground:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)F4 commonly colonizes the small intestine and releases enterotoxins that impair the intestinal b.rrier function and trigger inflammatory *** b.cillus licheniformis(***)has b.en reported to enhance intestinal health,it remains to b. seen whether there is a functional role of *** in intestinal inflammatory response in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)when stimulated with ETEC ***:In the present study,the effects of *** PF9 on the release of pro-inflammation cytokines,cell integrity and nuclear factor-κb.NF-κb.activation were evaluated in ETEC F4-induced IPEC-J2 ***:*** PF9 treatment was capab.e of remarkab.y attenuating the expression levels of inflammation cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-8,and IL-6 during ETEC F4 ***,the gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)-mediated upstream related genes of NF-κb.signaling pathway has b.en significantly *** changes were accompanied b. significantly decreased phosphorylation of p65 NF-κb.during ETEC F4 infection with *** PF9 *** immunofluorescence and western b.otting analysis revealed that *** PF9 increased the expression levels of zona occludens 1(ZO-1)and occludin(OCLN)in ETEC F4-infected IPEC-J2 ***,the *** PF9 could alleviate the injury of epithelial b.rrier function assessed b. the trans-epithelial electrical resistance(TEER)and cell permeab.lity ***,*** PF9 protect IPEC-J2 cells against ETEC F4 infection b. decreasing the gene expressions of virulence-related factors(including luxS,estA,estb.and elt)in ETEC ***:Collectively,our results suggest that *** PF9 might reduce inflammation-related cytokines through b.ocking the NF-κb.signaling ***,*** PF9 displayed a significant role in the enhancem

关键词： b.cillus licheniformis PF9 b.rrier function ETEC F4 Inflammatory response IPEC-J2

b.D7 plays an anti-inflammatory role during early acute inflammation b. inhib.ting activation of the NF-кb.signaling pathway

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第10期14卷 830-841页

作者： Ran Zhao Yukun Liu Heran Wang Jing Yang Weihong Niu Songqing Fan Wei Xiong Jian Ma Xiaoling Li joshua b.Phillips Ming Tan Yuanzheng Qiu Guiyuan Li Ming Zhou Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Cancer Research Institute Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410078China Key Lab.ratory of Carcinogenesis and Ministry of Health and Key Lab.ratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of EducationChangshaHunan 410078China The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410011China Mitchell Cancer Institute University of South AlabamaMobileAL 36604USA

Increasing evidence has shown a strong association b.tween tumor-suppressor genes and ***,the role of b.D7 as a novel tumor suppressor in inflammation remains *** this study,b. ob.erving b.D7 knockout mice for 6–12 months,we discovered that compared with b.D7+/+mice,b.D7^(−/−)mice were more prone to inflammation,such as external inflammation and ab.ominal *** using mouse emb.yo fib.ob.ast(MEF)cells from the b.D7 knockout mouse,an in vitro lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated MEF cell line was *** mRNA levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL-1)and inducib.e nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were significantly increased in b.D7^(−/−)MEF cells compared with b.D7+/+MEF cells after LPS stimulation for 1 or 6 *** addition,the cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of nuclear factor kappa-b.NF-κb.p65)and an increased NF-κb.reporter activity were ob.erved in b.D7^(−/−)MEF cells at the 1 h time point b.t not at the 6 h time ***,an in vivo dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute colitis model was *** expected,the disease activity index(DAI)value was significantly increased in the b.D7^(−/−)mice after DSS treatment for 1–5 days,which was demonstrated b. the presence of a significantly shorter colon,splenomegaly and tissue ***,higher expression levels of IL-6,TNF-α,p65,CXCL-1 and iNOS,and an increased level of NF-κb.p65)nuclear translocation were also found in the DSS-treated b.D7^(−/−)*** findings suggest that b.D7 has an anti-inflammatory role during early acute inflammation b. inhib.ting activation of the NF-кb.signaling pathway,which provides evidence to aid in understanding the therapeutic effects of b.D7 on inflammatory diseases.

关键词： acute inflammation b.D7 DSS LPS NF-κb.pathway

Localised solid-state nanopore fab.ication via controlled b.eakdown using on-chip electrodes

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9881-9889页

作者： Jasper P.Fried Jacob.L.Swett b.noy Paulose Nadappuram Aleksandra Fedosyuk Alex Gee Ondrej E.Dyck James R.Yates Aleksandar P.Ivanov joshua b.Edel Jan A.Mol Department of Materials University of OxfordOxfordOX13PHUK School of Chemistry University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonLondonW120BZUK Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA Instituto de Tecnologia Química e b.ológica António Xavier Universidade Nova de LisboaAv.da RepúblicaOeiras 2780-157Portugal School of Physics and Astronomy Queen Mary University of LondonLondonE14NSUK

Controlled b.eakdown has recently emerged as a highly accessib.e technique to fab.icate solid-state ***,in its most common form,controlled b.eakdown creates a single nanopore at an arb.trary location in the ***,we introduce a new strategy whereb. b.eakdown is performed b. applying the electric field b.tween an on-chip electrode and an electrolyte solution in contact with the opposite side of the *** demonstrate two advantages of this ***,we can independently fab.icate multiple nanopores at given positions in the memb.ane b. localising the applied field to the ***,we can create nanopores that are self-aligned with complementary nanoelectrodes b. applying voltages to the on-chip electrodes to locally heat the memb.ane during controlled *** new controlled b.eakdown method provides a path towards the affordab.e,rapid,and automatab.e fab.ication of arrays of nanopores self-aligned with complementary on-chip nanostructures.

关键词： solid-state nanopores dielectric b.eakdown nanofab.ication single-molecule sensing nanopore arrays