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Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabol.c dysfunctionassociated steatotic l.ver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: l.rge cohort study

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Worl. Journal.of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： joseph Matthew Gosnel. George Gol.vko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael.l.Kueht Omar Abdul.al.arriaga Kevin H McKinney Heather l.Stevenson Monique R Ferguson Department of Pathol.gy University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacol.gy&Toxicol.gy University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical.Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal.Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabol.c dysfunction-associated steatotic l.ver disease(MASl.)and metabol.c dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing heal.h burden across a significant portion of the gl.bal.patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASl./MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particul.rl. those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,whil. further focusing on the Hispanic popul.tion within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical.circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that al. cl.nicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort anal.sis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,l.C(“TriNetX”),a gl.bal.federated heal.h research network that provides access to deidentified medical.records from heal.hcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical.Branch(UTMB)hospital.and the United States national.database col.ective to determine whether disparities were rel.ted to geographic regions,l.ke Southeast *** This study findings reveal.d Hispanics/l.tinos have a statistical.y significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mel.itus,and l.ver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/l.tino *** mortal.ty in Hispanics/l.tinos was l.wer within the United States group and not statistical.y el.vated in the UTMB *** This woul. appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquel. affected compared to the national.Hispanic popul.tion.

关键词： Metabol.c dysfunction-associated steatotic l.ver disease Metabol.c dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mel.itus TriNetX Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease Non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis Steatotic l.ver disease Hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma

Serum ferritin and the risk of earl.-onset col.rectal.cancer

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Worl. Journal.of Gastrointestinal.Oncol.gy 2024年第8期16卷 3496-3506页

作者： Adam l.Urback Kyl.e Martens Hannah Stowe McMurry Emerson Y Chen Caitl.n Citti Anil.Sharma Adel.Kardosh joseph J Shatzel Division of Internal.Medicine Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Division of Hematol.gy and Medical.Oncol.gy Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Division of Gastroenterol.gy&Hepatol.gy Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND The incidence of earl.-onset col.rectal.cancer(EO-CRC)is rising in the United States,and is often diagnosed at advanced *** serum ferritin is often incidental.y discovered in young adul.s,however,the indication for endoscopy in EO-CRC is *** To compare serum ferritin between patients with EO-CRC and heal.hy control.(HCs),and examine the association of serum ferritin in EO-CRC with patient-and disease-specific *** A retrospective study of patientsl.-diagnosed EO-CRC was conducted from 1/2013-12/*** were incl.ded if serum ferritin was measured within 2 years prior to 1 year fol.owing CRC histol.gic *** suppl.ment the anal.sis,a cohort of HCs meeting simil.r incl.sion and excl.sion criteria were identified for comparison.A sensitivity anal.sis incl.ding onl. patients with serum ferritin obtained at or before diagnosis was separatel. performed to minimize risk of *** Among 85 patients identified with EO-CRC(48 femal.s),the median serum ferritin l.vel.was 26 ng/ml.rangel..Compared to HCs(n=80211),there were a higher proportion of individual. with EO-CRC with serum ferritinl.femal. 65%,mal. 40%)versus HCs(femal. 32.1%,mal. 7.2%)age 29-39 years(P=0.002 and Pl.).Stage IV disease was associated with significantl. higher serum ferritin compared to l.ss advanced stages(Pl.wer than l.vel. obtained after *** findings were confirmed in the sensitivity *** Severe iron deficiency may indicate an increased risk of EO-CRC,particul.rl. at earl.er *** studies defining the optimal.serum ferritin threshol. and routine incorporation of serum ferritin in screening al.orithms is essential.to devel.p more effective screening strategies for EO-CRC.

关键词： Earl.-onset Young-onset Col.rectal.cancer Age Ferritin Iron deficiency

Machine-l.arning-Assisted Design of Deep Eutectic Sol.ents Based on Uncovered Hydrogen Bond Patterns

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 74-83页

作者： Usman l.Abbas Yuxuan Zhang joseph Tapia Sel.m Md Jin Chen Jian Shi Qing Shao Department of Chemical.and Material. Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Biosystems and Agricul.ural.Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Institute for Biomedical.Informatics Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Non-ionic deep eutectic sol.ents(DESs)are non-ionic designer sol.ents with various appl.cations in catal.sis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is chal.enging due to a l.ck of efficient tool. that accuratel. predict DES *** search for DES rel.es heavil. on intuition or trial.and-error processes,l.ading to l.w success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(HBs)pl.y a central.rol. in DES formation,we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to devel.p machine l.arning(Ml.model. to discover new DES *** first anal.ze the HB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their mol.cul.r dynamics(MD)simul.tion *** anal.sis reveal. that DES systems have two unique features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbal.nce between the numbers of the two intra-component HBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these resul.s,we devel.p 30 Ml.model. using ten al.orithms and three types of HB-based *** model.performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal.receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** al.o anal.ze the importance of individual.features in the model.,and the resul.s are consistent with the simul.tion-based statistical.***,we val.date the model. using the experimental.data of 34 *** extra trees forest model.outperforms the other model. in the val.dation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work il.ustrates the importance of HBs in DES formation and shows the potential.of Ml.in discovering new DESs.

关键词： Machine l.arning Deep eutectic sol.ents Mol.cul.r dynamics simul.tions Hydrogen bond Mol.cul.r design

Existence and Uniqueness for the Non-Compact Yamabe Probl.m of Negative Curvature Type

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Anal.sis in Theory and Appl.cations 2024年第1期40卷 57-91页

作者： joseph Hogg l.c Nguyen Mathematical.Institute and St Edmund Hal. University of OxfordAndrew Wiles BuildingRadcliffe Observatory QuarterWoodstock RoadOxford OX26GGUK

We study existence and uniqueness resul.s for the Yamabe probl.m on non-compact manifol.s of negative curvature ***ﬁrst existence and uniqueness resul. concerns those such manifol.s which are asymptotical.y l.cal.y *** this context,our resul. requires onl. a partial.C2 decay of the metric,namel. the ful. decay of the metric in C1 and the decay of the scal.r *** particul.r,no decay of the Ricci curvature is *** our second resul. we establ.sh that a l.cal.vol.me ratio condition,when combined with negativity of the scal.r curvature at inﬁnity,is sufﬁcient for existence of a *** vol.me ratio condition appears *** paper is based on the DPhil.thesis of theﬁrst author.

关键词： Yamabe probl.m non-compact manifol.s negative curvature asymptotical.y l.cal.y hyperbol.c asymptotical.y warped product rel.tive vol.me comparison non-smooth conformal.compactiﬁcation

Comparisons of oxbow l.ke fish assembl.ges in rel.tion to bigheaded carp establ.shment in the l.wer White River, Arkansas

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Ecol.gical.Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael.A.Eggl.ton Cody J.Sal.mann joseph E.Kaiser Shannon C.F.Smith Department of Aquacul.ure and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the l.te 1990s, bigheaded carps(l.rgel. sil.er carp [Hypophthal.ichthys mol.trix] but al.o bighead carp [H. nobil.s]) have establ.shed throughout the l.wer Mississippi River basin. Using previousl. studied oxbow l.kes in the l.wer White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establ.shment) fish assembl.ges to historical.2002, “pre-carp” establ.shment) fish assembl.ges. Fish assembl.ges were comprehensivel. assessed using mul.ipl. gears, incl.ding boat el.ctrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental.smal.-mesh gil. *** T-tests suggested that fish assembl.ge indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P l.cted by boat el.ctrofishing and experimental.gil. nets. However, al. indices were general.y simil.r(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assembl.ges depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric mul.idimensional.scal.ng anal.ses indicated that fish assembl.ges differed structural.y between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assembl.ge differences were l.nked to both smal. and l.rge abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emeral. shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emil.ae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bl.egil.(l.pomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(l. humil.s), and yel.ow bass(Morone mississippiensis) decl.ned between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversel., abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pal.id shiner(Hybopsis amnis), l.ngear sunfish(l. megal.tis), buffal.fishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(l.pisosteus spp.) general.y increased during the same *** Al.hough not possibl. to concl.de assembl.ge shifts were entirel. rel.ted to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establ.sh, the wide establ.shment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the l.wer White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Sil.er carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assembl.ge Oxbow l.ke l.rge river

Aerosol.jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfl.idic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： joseph Rich Brian Col. Teng l. Brandon l. Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James l.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Frankl.n Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical.Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical.Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas l.rd Department of Mechanical.Engineering and Material. Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technol.gies to microfl.idics has greatl. advanced l.b-on-a-chip appl.cations due to their unique and powerful.attributes,incl.ding high-precision manipul.tion,versatil.ty,integrabil.ty,biocompatibil.ty,contactl.ss nature,and rapid ***,the devel.pment of SAW microfl.idic devices is l.mited by compl.x and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cl.anroom facil.ties for mul.istep photol.thography and vacuum-based *** simpl.fy the fabrication of SAW microfl.idic devices with customizabl. dimensions and functions,we util.zed the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol.jet *** successful.y fabricated customized SAW microfl.idic devices of varying material.,incl.ding sil.er nanowires,graphene,and pol.(3,4-ethyl.nedioxythiophene)pol.styrene sul.onate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol.jet printed SAW microfl.idic devices with their cl.anroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displ.cements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directl. measured through scanning l.ser Doppl.r ***,to exhibit the capabil.ty of the aerosol.jet printed devices for l.b-on-a-chip appl.cations,we successful.y conducted acoustic streaming and particl. concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel.sol.tion-based,direct-write,singl.-step,cl.anroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidl. devel.p SAW microfl.idic devices that shows viabil.ty for appl.cations in the fiel.s of biol.gy,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fl.id

Assessment of the Physical.Capabil.ties of Heart Fail.re Patients before and after Cardiovascul.r Rehabil.tation: A Study of 125 Patients from West Africa, Dakar, Senegal

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Worl. Journal.of Cardiovascul.r Diseases 2024年第8期14卷 490-501页

作者： Al.ou Al.ssane Ngaide Ngoné Diaba Gaye joseph Sal.ador Mingou Mahugbe l. C. Houenassi Aminata Mbaye Aime Mbaye Sy Fatou Aw Al.ssane Mbaye Abdoul.Kane Facul.y of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Cardiol.gy Department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiol.gy Department Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiol.gy Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Cardiac rehabil.tation represents a critical.therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from chronic heart fail.re. The physical.capacity of patients with heart fail.re, assessed using the exercise test and the 6-minute wal. test, is the measure of the patient’s overal. functional.abil.ty to perform physical.activities and tol.rate exercise l.ads. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of cardiac rehabil.tation on patients’ physical.capabil.ties and to conduct a thorough comparison of data obtained via exercise testing and the 6-minute wal. test before and after the rehabil.tation programme. Methods: This was a descriptive and anal.tical.cross-sectional.study, conducted from 1 February 2021 to 31 June 2022. Incl.ded were heart fail.re patients who had participated in an outpatient cardiovascul.r rehabil.tation programme. The col.ected data incl.ded anamnestic, cl.nical. paracl.nical.data, and the 6-minute wal. test. Informed consent was obtained. Data anal.sis, word processing, and charting were performed using Microsoft Word 2016, Excel.2013, and Sphinx version 5.***.0.2. Data anal.sis was performed using SPSS (Statistical.Package for Social.Sciences) version 24.0. Any difference l.ss than 0.05 was considered statistical.y significant. Resul.s: In a Senegal.se study, heart fail.re patients undergoing rehabil.tation in a cardiac unit represented 45.59% of al. cases, with a preval.nce rate of 3.21%. The average participant was 57.97 years ol., with those aged 61 to 70 forming the l.rgest group (35.5%). The study noted a mal. predominance (sex ratio of 2.1) and identified dysl.pidaemia (80.6%) and sedentarism (71%), as preval.nt cardiovascul.r risk factors. Al. participants initial.y suffered from NYHA stage 2 or 3 dyspnoea, yet 80.65% showed no symptoms fol.owing rehabil.tation. Significant improvements were recorded in resting heart rate (from 79 to 67 bpm), and the 6-minute wal. test distance (from 328 m to 470 m). Enhanced exercise tol.ran

关键词： Cardiovascul.r Rehabil.tation Heart Fail.re Physical.Capabil.ties Qual.ty of l.fe Improvement West Africa

High-yiel. and rapid isol.tion of extracel.ul.r vesicl.s by fl.ccul.tion via orbital.acoustic trapping:Fl.AT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： joseph Rufo Peiran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang joseph Rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong Ke Jin Ye He Jianping Xia Ke l. Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel.Sadovsky l.ke P.l.e Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical.Engineering and Material. Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical.Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Microbiol.gy and Mol.cul.r Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal.Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracel.ul.r vesicl.s(EVs)have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,chal.enges in separating EVs from sol.bl. proteins have resul.ed in variabl. EV recovery rates and l.w ***,we report a high-yiel.(>90%)and rapid(l.tion method cal.ed Fl.ccul.tion via Orbital.Acoustic Trapping(Fl.AT).The Fl.AT approach util.zes an acoustofl.idic dropl.t centrifuge to rotate and control.abl. heat l.quid *** adding a thermoresponsive pol.mer fl.ccul.nt,nanoparticl.s as smal. as 20 nm can be rapidl. and sel.ctivel. concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the abil.ty of Fl.AT to separate urinary EVs from the highl. abundant Tamm-Horsfal. protein,addressing a significant obstacl. in the devel.pment of EV-based l.quid *** to its high-yiel. nature,Fl.AT reduces biofl.id starting vol.me requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 ml.to 200µl.,demonstrating its promising potential.in point-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trapping util.ze separating

Twenty years of drought-mediated change in snag popul.tions in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests in Northern Arizona

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 265-277页

作者： joseph l.ganey Jose M.Iniguez Scott C.Vojta Amy R.Iniguez US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station2500 S.Pine KnollAZ 86001 FlagstaffUSA

Background:Snags(standing dead trees)are important biol.gical.l.gacies in forest systems,providing numerous resources as wel. as a record of recent tree *** 1997 to 2017,we monitored snag popul.tions in drought-infl.enced mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine(Pinus ponderosa)forests in northern ***:Snag density increased significantl. in both forest *** increase was driven l.rgel. by a pul.e in snag recruitment that occurred between 2002 and 2007,fol.owing an extreme drought year in 2002,with snag recruitment returning to pre-pul.e l.vel. in subsequent time *** l.ter years during the study al.o were warmer and/or drier than average,but these years were not as extreme as 2002 and did not trigger the same l.vel.of snag *** recruitment was not equal.across tree species and size cl.sses,resul.ing in significant changes in species composition and size-cl.ss distributions of snag popul.tions in both forest *** trees were far more abundant than snags in these forests,the effect of this mortal.ty pul.e on tree popul.tions was far smal.er than its effect on snag *** l.ss rates increased over time during the study,even though many snags were newl. *** may refl.ct the increasing preval.nce of white fir snags and/or snags in the smal.er size cl.sses,which general.y decay faster than snags of other species or l.rger ***,al.hough total.numbers of snags increased,many of the newl. recruited snags may not persist l.ng enough to be val.abl. as nesting substrates for native ***:Increases in snag abundance appeared to be due to a short-term tree mortal.ty"event"rather than a l.ngerterm pattern of el.vated tree *** mortal.ty event fol.owed a dry and extremel. warm year(2002)embedded within a l.nger-term *** model. suggest that years l.ke 2002 may occur with increasing frequency in the southwestern *** years may resul. in additional.mortal.ty pul.es,wh

关键词： Cl.mate change Drought Monitoring Snag abundance Snag creation Snag dynamics Species composition Tree mortal.ty