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Phenothiazine vs 5HT3 Antagonist Prophylactic Regimens to Prevent Post‐Anesthesia Care Unit Rescue Antiemetic: An Observational Study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2015年第2期5卷 27-32页

作者： joseph R. ruiz Joe E. Ensor Jeffrey W. Lim Antoinette Van Meter Thomas F. Rahlfs Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston USA Department of Biostatistics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston USA

Purpose: Our practitioners are asked to consider a patient’s postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) risk profile when developing their prophylactic antiemetic strategy. There is wide variation in employed strategies, and we have yet to determine the most effective PONV prophylactic regimen. The objective of this study is to compare prophylactic antiemetic regimens containing: phenothiazines to 5HT3 antagonists for effectiveness at reducing the incidence of Post‐Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) rescue antiemetic administration. Methods: This is an observational study of 4392 nonsmoking, women who underwent general anesthesia for breast surgery from 1/1/2009 through 6/30/2012. Previous history of PONV or motion sickness (HxPONV/MS) and the use of PACU opioids were recorded. Prophylactic antiemetic therapy was left to the discretion of the anesthesia care team. We compared phenothiazines and 5HT3 antagonists alone and with a glucocorticoid to determine the most effective treatment regimen in our practice for the prevention of the administration of PACU rescue antiemetics. Results: Patients who received a phenothiazine regimen compared to a 5HT3 antagonist regimen were less likely to have an antiemetic administered in the PACU (p = 0.0100) and this significant difference in rates holds in a logistic regression model adjusted for HxPONV/MS and PACU Opioid use (p = 0.0103). Conclusions: Based on our findings our clinicians are encouraged to administer a combination of a phenothiazine and a glucocorticoid in female, nonsmoking surgical breast patients for the prevention of PACU rescue antiemetic administration.

关键词： Phenothiazines 5HT3 Antagonists Prophylactic Antiemetics PACU Antiemetic Administration

Comparative mitogenome phylogeography of two anteater genera (Tamandua and Myrmecophaga;Myrmecophagidae, Xenarthra): Evidence of discrepant evolutionary traits

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Zoological Research 2021年第5期42卷 525-547页

作者： Manuel ruiz-García Daniel Pinilla-Beltrán Oscar E.Murillo-García Christian Miguel Pinto Jorge Brito joseph Mark Shostell Laboratorio de Genética de Poblaciones Molecular-Biología Evolutiva Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasPontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáDC 110231Colombia Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Animal Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y ExactasUniversidad del ValleApartado AéreoCali 25360Colombia Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Escuela Politécnica NacionalQuito 17012759Ecuador Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad(INABIO) Quito 170135Ecuador Math Science and Technology DepartmentUniversity of Minnesota CrookstonCrookstonMN 56716USA

The species within Xenarthra(sloths,anteaters,and armadillos)are quintessential South American *** the three groups,Vermilingua(anteaters)contains the fewest extant and paleontological ***,we sampled and sequenced the entire mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)of two Tamandua species(Tamandua tetradactyla and ***)(n=74)from Central and South America,as well as Myrmecophaga tridactyla(n=41)from South *** Tamandua,we detected three different *** oldest(THI)contained many specimens with the *** morphotype(but also several with the *** morphotype)and originated in southeastern South America(currently Uruguay)before moving towards northern South America,where the THII haplogroup *** primarily contained specimens with the *** morphotype(but also several with the *** morphotype)and was distributed in Central America,Colombia,and *** and THII yielded a genetic distance of 4%.THII originated in either northern South America or“in situ”in Central America with haplogroup THIII,which consisted of~50%*** and 50%*** *** was mostly located in the same areas as THII,i.e.,Central America,Ecuador,and Colombia,though mainly in the *** three haplogroups overlapped in Colombia and ***,*** and *** were not reciprocally *** this reason,we considered that a unique species of Tamandua likely exists,i.e.,*** contrast to Tamandua,*** did not show different morphotypes throughout its geographical range in the ***,two very divergent genetic haplogroups(MHI and MHII),with a genetic distance of~10%,were *** basal haplogroup,MHI,originated in northwestern South America,whereas the more geographically derived haplogroup,MHII,overlapped with MHI,but also expanded into central and southern South ***,Tamandua migrated from south to north whereas Myrmecophaga migrated from

关键词： Anteaters Genetic diversity Mitogenomes Myrmecophaga Neotropics Phylogeography Spatial structure Tamandua

From Bench to the Clinic: The Path to Translation of Nanotechnology-Enabled mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第3期14卷 1-31页

作者： Diana O.Lopez‑Cantu Xichi Wang Hector Carrasco‑Magallanes Samson Afewerki Xingcai Zhang joseph V.Bonventre Guillermo U.ruiz‑Esparza Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA 02115USA Division of Renal Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health BostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

During the last decades,the use of nanotechnology in med icine has effectively been translated to the design of drug delivery systems,nanostructured tissues,diagnostic platforms,and novel nanomaterials against several human diseases and infectious ***-enabled vaccines have been positioned as solutions to mitigate the pandemic outbreak caused by the novel pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** fast-track the development of vaccines,unprecedented industrial and academic collaborations emerged around the world,resulting in the clinical translation of effective vaccines in less than one *** this article,we provide an overview of the path to translation from the bench to the clinic of nanotechnology-enabled messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines and examine in detail the types of delivery systems used,their mechanisms of action,obtained results during each phase of their clinical development and their regulatory approval *** also analyze how nanotechnology is impacting global health and economy during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

关键词： Nanovaccines mRNA Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19

IMPROVING SOLVER PERFORMANCE THROUGH REDUNDANCY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2016年第3期25卷 303-325页

作者： Eduardo Lalla-ruiz Stefan Voβ Department of Computer Engineering and Systems University of La Laguna Spain Institute of Information Systems (IWI) University of Hamburg Germany Eseuela de Ingenierla Industrial Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso (PUCV) Chile

It is well known that hierarchies of mathematical programming formulatlons with different numbers of variables and constraints have a considerable impact regarding the quality of solutions obtained once these formulations are fed to a commercial solver. In addition, even if dimensions are kept the same, changes in formulations may largely influence solvability and quality of results. This becomes evident especially if redundant constraints are used. We propose a related framework for information collection based on these constraints. We exemplify by means of a well-known combinatorial optimization problem from the knapsack problem family, i.e., the multidimensional multiple-choice knapsack problem （MMKP）. This incorporates a relationship of the MMKP to some generalized set partitioning problems. Moreover, we investigate an application in maritime shipping and logistics by means of the dynamic berth allocation problem （DBAP）, where optimal solutions are reached from the root node within the solver.

关键词： Erraticism redundant constraints multidimensional multiple-choice knapsack problem,dynamic berth allocation problem

Cellular Auxin Homeostasis： Gatekeeping Is Housekeeping

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 772-786页

作者： Michel ruiz Rosquete Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) 1190 Vienna Austria Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University 9052 Gent Belgium

The phytohormone auxin is essential for plant development and contributes to nearly every aspect of the plant life cycle. The spatio-temporal distribution of auxin depends on a complex interplay between auxin metabolism and cell-to-cell auxin transport. Auxin metabolism and transport are both crucial for plant development; however, it largely remains to be seen how these processes are integrated to ensure defined cellular auxin levels or even gradients within tissues or organs. In this review, we provide a glance at very diverse topics of auxin biology, such as biosynthesis, conjugation, oxidation, and transport of auxin. This broad, but certainly superficial, overview highlights the mutual importance of auxin metabolism and transport. Moreover, it allows pinpointing how auxin metabolism and transport get integrated to jointly regulate cellular auxin homeostasis. Even though these processes have been so far only separately studied, we assume that the phytohormonal crosstalk integrates and coordinates auxin metabolism and transport. Besides the integrative power of the global hormone signaling, we additionally introduce the hypothetical concept considering auxin transport components as gatekeepers for auxin responses.

关键词： auxin conjugation auxin homeostasis auxin metabolism auxin transport.

Ecophysiology of egg rejection in hosts of avian brood parasites:new insights and perspectives

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Current Zoology 2021年第6期67卷 631-638页

作者： Francisco ruiz-RAYA Centro de Investigación Marina Universidade de VigoGEAVigo 36310Spain

Egg rejection is the most effective and widespread defense used by host species to counteract the extreme fitness costs frequently imposed by obligate avian brood ***,the proximate mechanisms underlying between-and within-individual variation in host responses remain poorly *** evidence suggests that egg rejection is dependent on individual physiological states,and draws attention to the role of hormones as mediators of flexible antiparasitic *** this perspective article,I outline recent advances in our understanding of the proximate factors that mediate egg rejection.I also point out some areas where knowledge remains still lacking,especially those related to the development and maintenance of effective cognitive functions,the potential role of oxidative stress,immunological state,and developmental stressors.I propose new hypotheses that stimulate future research on behavioral host responses toward brood parasitism.

关键词： cognitive performance condition-dependence corticosterone flexible responses prolactin

Quantitative Analysis of Crime Incidents in Chicago Using Data Analytics Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第5期59卷 389-396页

作者： Daniel Rivera ruiz Alisha Sawant Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University251 Mercer StNew York 10012USA

In this paper we aim to identify certain social factors that influence,and thus can be used to predict,the occurrence of *** factors under consideration for this analytic are social demographics such as age,sex,poverty,etc.,train ridership,traffic density and the number of business licenses per community area in Chicago,IL.A factor will be considered pertinent if there is high correlation between it and the number of crimes of a particular type in that community area.

关键词： Analytics big data Chicago correlation crime

In vitro germination and shoot proliferation of the threatened species Cinchona officinalis L(Rubiaceae).

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1229-1236页

作者： Rosa Armijos-Gonzalez Cesar Perez-ruiz Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaCP 1101 608 LojaEcuador Departamento de Biotecnologia y Biologia Vegetal E.T.S.Ingenieros AgronomosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridCP 728040 MadridSpain

Cinchona officinalis （Rubiaceae） is an endemic species of the Loja Valley in southern Ecuador with medicinal uses. Because of over-exploitation in the nine- teenth century and more recent disturbances to its ecosystem, C. officinalis populations are threatened. Currently, natural regeneration of the populations is low, despite its high plant regeneration and seed formation capacity. In the present study, an efficient protocol for germination, shoot proliferation and plantlets regeneration was developed for this species. Phenolic content and germination rate of C. officinalis seeds were compared with a control species, C. pubescens. Nodal segments from seedlings of C. officinalis were cultured on Gamborg medium supplemented with different combinations of plant growth regulators. Because the phenol content is high in C. officinalis, the phenolic should be removed with hydrogen peroxide or water washes to stimulate germination. Shoots and callus developed from nodal segments within 45 days using most of the tested combinations of plant growth regulators. The best rates of shoot proliferation, callus formation and adventitious buds were obtained in medium supplemented with 5.0 mg L^-1 6-benzyl-aminopurine and 3.0 mg L^-1 indole- 3-butyfic acid.

关键词： Callus Cinchona officinalis Germination Phenols Rubiaceae Shoot

High entropy materials as emerging electrocatalysts for hydrogen production through low-temperature water electrolysis

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Materials Futures

Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 24-53页

作者： Jonathan ruiz Esquius Lifeng Liu Clean Energy Cluster International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL)Avenida Mestre JoséVeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808People’s Republic of China

The production of hydrogen through water electrolysis(WE)from renewable electricity is set to revolutionise the energy sector that is at present heavily dependent on fossil ***,there is still a pressing need to develop advanced electrocatalysts able to show high activity and withstand industrially-relevant operating conditions for a prolonged period of *** this regard,high entropy materials(HEMs),including high entropy alloys and high entropy oxides,comprising five or more homogeneously distributed metal components,have emerged as a new class of electrocatalysts owing to their unique properties such as low atomic diffusion,structural stability,a wide variety of adsorption energies and multi-component synergy,making them promising catalysts for challenging electrochemical reactions,including those involved in *** review begins with a brief overview about WE technologies and a short introduction to HEMs including their synthesis and general physicochemical properties,followed by a nearly exhaustive summary of HEMs catalysts reported so far for the hydrogen evolution reaction,the oxygen evolution reaction and the overall water splitting in both alkaline and acidic *** review concludes with a brief summary and an outlook about the future development of HEM-based catalysts and further research to be done to understand the catalytic mechanism and eventually deploy HEMs in practical water electrolysers.

关键词： energy conversion high entropy materials hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen evolution reaction water splitting