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Scatterhoarding rodents favor higher predation risks for cache sites:The potential for predators to influence the seed dispersal process

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第3期10卷 257-266页

作者： Michael A.STEELE Ghislain ROMPRÉ Jeffrey A.STRATFORD Hongmao ZHANG Matthew SUCHOCKI Shealyn marino Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePAUSA The Scotts Company MarysvilleOHUSA School of Life Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Scatterhoarding rodents often place caches in the open where pilferage rates are reduced,suggesting that they tradeoff higher risks of predation for more secure cache *** tested this hypothesis in two study systems by measuring predation risks inferred from measures of giving-up densities(GUDs)at known cache sites and other sites for *** GUDs were measured with small trays containing 3 L of fine sand mixed with sunflower *** the first experiment,we relied on a 2-year seed dispersal study in a natural forest to identify caches of eastern gray squirrels(Sciurus carolinensis)and then measured GUDs at:(i)these caches;(ii)comparable points along logs and rocks where rodent activity was assumed highest;and(iii)a set of random *** found that GUDs and,presumably,predation risks,were higher at both cache and random points than those with *** the second site,we measured GUDs of eastern gray squirrels in an open park system and found that GUDs were consistently lowest at the base of the tree compared to more open sites,where previous studies show caching by squirrels to be highest and pilferage rates by naïve competitors to be *** results confirm that predation risks can influence scatterhoarding decisions but that they are also highly context dependent,and that the landscape of fear,now so well documented in the literature,could potentially shape the temporal and spatial patterns of seedling establishment and forest regeneration in systems where scatterhoarding is common.

关键词： giving-up densities predation risk scatterhoarding Sciurus seed dispersal

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Recent advances concerning polyurethane in leather applications:an overview of conventional and greener solutions

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Collagen and Leather 2023年第1期5卷 1-15页

作者： Jize Liu Federica Recupido Giuseppe Cesare Lama Maria Oliviero Letizia Verdolotti marino Lavorgna Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials(IPCB-CNR)Piazzale Enrico Fermi 180055 Portici(Naples)Italy

Leather is one of the most popular products across globe and holds a significant place in the economy,while the pollution,associated to traditional leather industry,is far away on the"green chemistry"*** this sense,polyurethanes,which exhibit tunable chemical structures by selecting suitable precursors,can fit specific requirements,and the developments of green strategies make them important candidates for leather *** mini review briefly outlines the recent development of conventional(petrol-based)and sustainable polyurethanes in the leather industry,including their design and properties,in applications such as synthetic leather and surface-finishing(coatings/binders).Finally,outlooks of the future tendency,including more environmental-friendly strategies,bio-sourced/recycled materials and development of high-value multifunctional leather materials,are also here proposed.

关键词： Conventional leather Artificial leather polyurethane-synthetic leather polyurethane-based binders polyurethane-based-materials Polyurethane-based-coatings

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A comparison between chemical and gas hypoxia as models of global ischemia in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第3期3卷 256-263页

作者： Kaitlyn M.marino Emani R.Silva James A.Windelborn Department of Biology Washington CollegeChestertownMDUSA Department of Psychology Washington CollegeChestertownMDUSA

Background:Zebrafish models for neurovascular diseases offer new methods for elucidation of molecular pathways to tissue *** fertilization and high fecundity provide opportunities for transgenics and other forms of genetic manipulation that are more accessible than offered by mammalian models of ***,behavioral analyses of zebrafish allow for connection of molecular pathways to organismal outputs such as locomotion,learning,and ***,a zebrafish model of hypoxia-ischemia has been slow to catch on,possibly due to hypoxia exposure protocols that are challenging to reproduce and result in high ***:In this study,we have introduced a predictable and simple method of hypoxia induction,the addition of sodium sulfite to aquarium *** effects of this treatment on zebrafish locomotion were compared to those of zebrafish exposed to hypoxia induced by nitrogen gas bubbling,a method used in previous ***:We found that hypoxia induced by sodium sulfite significantly impaired locomotion in the hours following treatment,and its effects did not differ from those caused by nitrogen gas ***:These results indicate that hypoxia by sodium sulfite represents an effective and easily reproducible method for the study of hypoxia-ischemia in zebrafish.

关键词： hypoxia hypoxic-ischemia ischemia

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Indian time:time,seasonality,and culture in Traditional Ecological Knowledge of climate change

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 274-284页

作者： Samantha Chisholm Hatfield Elizabeth marino Kyle Powys Whyte Kathie D.Dello Philip W.Mote Oregon Climate Change Research Institute Oregon State University104 CEOAS Admin BuildingCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Social Sciences Oregon State University Cascades Campus2600 NW College WayBendOR 97701USA Department of Philosophy Michigan State University503 S.Kedzie HallEast LansingMI 48824-1032USA Department of Community Sustainability Michigan State University503 S.Kedzie HallEast LansingMI 48824-1032USA

Introduction:Western climate science and Traditional Ecological Knowledge(TEK)represent complementary and overlapping views of the causes and consequences of *** particular,observations of changes in abundance,distribution,phenology,or behavior of the natural environment(including plants and animals)can have a rich cultural and spiritual interpretation in Indigenous communities that may not be present in western science ***:Using interviews with Indigenous elders and other Traditional Knowledge holders,we demonstrate that assumptions about the nature,perception,and utilization of time and timing can differ across knowledge systems in regard to climate ***:Our interviewees’focus on relationality predisposes them to notice interactional changes among humans and other species,to be sensitive to smaller scale examples of change,to be more likely to see climate change as part of a broader time scale,and to link changes to a greater suite of socio-political phenomena,including the long arc of *** implication of this research and the interactions among humans and other species is that policies restricting Native and non-Native access to resources(i.e.,hunting and fishing)to certain calendar seasons may need to be revisited in a changing climate.

关键词： Traditional Ecological Knowledge(TEK) Traditional Knowledge(TK) Indigenous Knowledge(IK) Climate change Phenology Seasonality Time

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Natural Products Diversity of Marine Ascidians(Tunicates;Ascidiacea)and Successful Drugs in Clinical Development

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2017年第1期7卷 1-111页

作者： Satheesh Kumar Palanisamy N.M.Rajendran Angela marino Department of Chemical BiologicalPharmaceutical and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Messina98166 MessinaItaly Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

This present study reviewed the chemical diversity of marine ascidians and their pharmacological applications,challenges and recent developments in marine drug discovery reported during 1994–2014,highlighting the structural activity of compounds produced by these *** date only 5%of living ascidian species were studied from\3000 species,this study represented from family didemnidae(32%),polyclinidae(22%),styelidae and polycitoridae(11–12%)exhibiting the highest number of promising *** to 580 compound structures are here discussed in terms of their occurrence,structural type and reported biological ***-cancer drugs are the main area of interest in the screening of MNPs from ascidians(64%),followed by anti-malarial(6%)and remaining *** approved ascidian compounds mechanism of action along with other compounds status of clinical trials(phase 1 to phase 3)are discussed here *** review highlights recent developments in the area of natural products chemistry and biotechnological approaches are emphasized.

关键词： Cancer Cytotoxicity Diversity Metabolites Pharmacology

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Split-root systems applied to the study of the legume-rhizobial symbiosis: What have we learned?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第12期56卷 1118-1124页

作者： Estíbaliz Larrainzar Erena Gil-Quintana Cesar Arrese-Igor Esther M.González Daniel marino Department of Environmental Sciences Public University of Navarra Pamplona E-31006 Spain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Bilbao E-48080 Spain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao E-48011 Spain

Split-root system（SRS） approaches allow the differential treatment of separate and independent root systems, while sharing a common aerial part. As such, SRS is a useful tool for the discrimination of systemic（shoot origin）versus local（root/nodule origin） regulation mechanisms. This type of approach is particularly useful when studying the complex regulatory mechanisms governing the symbiosis established between legumes and Rhizobium bacteria. The current work provides an overview of the main insights gained from the application of SRS approaches to understand how nodule number（nodulation autoregulation） and nitrogen fixation are controlled both under non-stressful conditions and in response to a variety of stresses. Nodule number appears to be mainly controlled at the systemic level through a signal which is produced by nodule/root tissue, translocated to the shoot, and transmitted back to the root system, involving shoot Leu-rich repeat receptor-like kinases. In contrast, both local and systemic mechanisms have been shown to operate for the regulation of nitrogenase activity in nodules. Under drought and heavy metal stress, the regulation is mostly local,whereas the application of exogenous nitrogen seems to exert a regulation of nitrogen fixation both at the local and systemic levels.

关键词： legume-rhizobia nitrogen fixation nodulation split-root system symbiosis

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Deficit of pursuit ocular movements in early Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第20期5卷 1583-1586页

作者： Francesco Cordici Pietro Lanzafame Silvia marino Alessandro Celona Lilla Bonanno Annalisa Baglieri Alessia Bramanti Placido Bramanti IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" S.S. Via Palermo C.da Casazza 98124 Messina Italy

Previous studies have demonstrated that advanced Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）patients have deficiency of eye ***,there have been no reports on eye movement in the early stages of *** aim of this study was to evaluate pursuit ocular movements（POM）provided by a vision-based non-intrusive eye tracker in patients with early *** values were significantly lower in AD patients than in normal controls（P 〈 0.01）.In AD patients,POM values were not closely correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination scores（P = 0.3）.There was no significant difference in POM values among patients treated with or without anticholinesterase *** used a vision-based method,for non-intrusive eye tracking,which can be proposed as a possible tool for supporting the diagnosis of early AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease early diagnosis pursuit ocular movements smooth pursuit dysfunctions vision-based eye tracking system

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TOO TALL HOUSES

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阅读 2020年第ZB期 22-29页

作者： Gianna marino

绘本导读兔子和猫头鹰不仅是一对好朋友,还是友好相处的邻居呢。可是有一天,猫头鹰把自己的房子加高了,遮挡住了兔子家的阳光。于是,兔子也把自己的房子加高了,这下猫头鹰不乐意了!就这样,他俩的那两座小房子越建越高,都钻到云里去了…...

绘本导读兔子和猫头鹰不仅是一对好朋友,还是友好相处的邻居呢。可是有一天,猫头鹰把自己的房子加高了,遮挡住了兔子家的阳光。于是,兔子也把自己的房子加高了,这下猫头鹰不乐意了!就这样,他俩的那两座小房子越建越高,都钻到云里去了……最后,又会怎么样?你的身边有这样比来比去、比个不停的朋友或同学吗?你自己有没有跟别人"竞争"过?心情怎么样呢?读完绘本故事以后,不妨想一想,竞争和合作,究竟哪个会让我们的生活更快乐、更有意义呢?

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A totally mini-invasive approach for colorectal laparoscopic surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3869-3874页

作者： Gabriele Anania Mirco Santini Lucia Scagliarini Alice Marzetti Laura Vedana Serafino marino Claudio Gregorio Giuseppe Resta Giorgio Cavallesco Department of Surgery Arcispedale S.AnnaMedical University of Ferrara44121 FerraraItaly

AIM:To study the short-term outcome of patients treated with laparoscopic right colectomy and how intracorporeal anastomosis has improved the ***:We retrospectively examined all patients affected by colorectal cancer who underwent a laparoscopic right colectomy between January 2006 and December 2010 in our *** evaluation criteria were:diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma at presurgical biopsy,elective surgery,and the same *** excluded:emergency surgery,conversions from laparotomic colectomy,and other *** endpoints we examined were:surgical time,number of lymph nodes removed,length of stay(removal of nasogastric tube,bowel movements,gas evacuation,solid and liquid feeding,hospitalization),and major ***-two patients were divided into two groups:intracorporeal anastomosis(39 patients)and extracorporeal anastomosis(33 patients).RESULTS:Significant differences were observed between intracorporeal vs extracorporeal anastomosis,respectively,for surgical times(186.8 min vs 184.1 min,P < 0.001),time to resumption of gas evacuation(3 d vs 3.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of bowel movements(3.8 d vs 4.9 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of liquid diet(3.5 d vs 4.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resuming a solid diet(4.6 d vs 5.7 d,P < 0.001),and total hospitalization duration(7.4 d vs 8.5 d,P < 0.001).In the intracorporeal group,on average,19 positive lymph nodes were removed;in the extracorporeal group,on average,14 were removed P < 0.001).Thus,intracorporeal anastomosis for right laparoscopic colectomy improved patient outcome by providing faster recovery of nutrition,faster recovery of intestinal function,and shorter hospitalization than extracorporeal ***:Short-term outcomes favor intracorporeal anastomosis,confirming that a less traumatic surgical approach improves patient outcome.

关键词： Anastomosis Cancer Colorectal disease Surgery Laparoscopy

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新型牙周再生细胞传递载体的体外建立

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华西口腔医学杂志 2006年第1期24卷 15-17,35页

作者：刘琪 Victor marino Mark Bartold 遵义医学院口腔医院牙周科贵州遵义563003 Adelaide大学牙学院牙科研究中心

目的体外建立新型细胞传递载体,观察富血小板血浆(PRP)和贫血小板血浆(PPP)对鼠牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜成纤维细胞和牙槽骨成骨细胞在生物降解膜上附着及增殖的影响。方法体外培养鼠牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜成纤维细胞和牙槽骨成骨细胞... 详细信息

目的体外建立新型细胞传递载体,观察富血小板血浆(PRP)和贫血小板血浆(PPP)对鼠牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜成纤维细胞和牙槽骨成骨细胞在生物降解膜上附着及增殖的影响。方法体外培养鼠牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜成纤维细胞和牙槽骨成骨细胞。应用梯度密度离心从鼠全血中获取PRP和PPP,并分别预处理生物降解膜。体外细胞培养48h,检测鼠3种细胞在处理和未处理膜上的附着、增殖和形态。结果鼠3种细胞在PRP和PPP处理膜上的附着数均较未处理组有显著增加(P0.05);在同一处理或未处理组中,鼠3种细胞间附着数比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。体外培养1h和48h,鼠3种细胞在PRP和PPP处理膜上的增殖均显著强于未处理组(P0.05)。附着于PRP和PPP处理膜上的鼠3种细胞均不同程度显示胞体增大,胞浆扩展,有的形成丝状伪足。结论PRP和PPP处理的生物降解膜能明显加强鼠各型细胞的附着和增殖,这为建立细胞传递载体和促进牙周再生奠定实验基础。

关键词：鼠牙龈成纤维细胞牙周膜成纤维细胞成骨细胞附着增殖

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