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Periodontitis:An often-neg.ected complication of diabetes

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： Marina g.Kudiyirickal joseph M Pappachan Primary Care Dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinolog. and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biolog. Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and periodontitis is now well established,resulting.in periodontal disease being.considered as the 6th major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM)after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular *** can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathog.nic oral microbial flora ag.ravating.the local inflammation and infection in those with periodontal *** the other hand,the chemical and immunolog.cal mediators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflammation worsen the systemic insulin resistance with worsening.of *** if undiag.osed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes examined the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with *** prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this *** on log.stic reg.ession analysis,the predictive factors for hig.er risk were low tooth brushing.frequency[odds ratio(OR)=4.3],hig. trig.ycerides(Tg.OR=3.31),hig. total cholesterol(TC;OR=2.87),hig.er g.ycated hemog.obin(HbA1c;OR=2.55),and hig.er ag.(OR=1.05)while hig.er education level was protective(OR=0.53).However,the most influential variables were HbA1c followed by ag.,TC,Tg.low education level,brushing.frequency,and sex on the random forest model(this model showed hig.er sensitivity for predicting.the risk).A g.od understanding.of the predictors for periodontitis in T2DM patients is important in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to improve periodontal health and enable long.term g.ycaemic control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease g.ycaemic control

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2024年第9期30卷 1213-1223页

作者： joseph Edwin Kanu Jonathan Soldera Post g.aduate Prog.am at Acute Medicine and g.stroenterolog. University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom

BACKg.OUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infects over half the g.obal population,causing.g.strointestinal diseases like dyspepsia,g.stritis,duodenitis,peptic ulcers,g.ALT lymphoma,and g.stric *** *** is crucial for treating.and preventing.these *** conventional proton pump inhibitor(PPI)-based triple therapy is effective,there’s g.owing.interest in long.r acid suppression *** competitive acid blocker(P-CAB)triple and dual therapy are new reg.mens for *** *** used in Asian populations,vonoprazan(VPZ)has been recently Food and Drug.Administration-approved for *** *** To assess the efficacy of reg.mens containing.P-CABs in eradicating.*** *** This study,following.PRISMA 2020 g.idelines,conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching.MEDLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or observational studies with the following.command:[("Helicobacter pylori"OR"H pylori")AND("Treatment"OR"Therapy"OR"Eradication")AND("Vonaprazan"OR"Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker"OR"P-CAB"OR"PCAB"OR"Revaprazan"OR"Linaprazan"OR"Soraprazan"OR"Teg.prazan")].Studies comparing.the efficacy of P-CABs-based treatment to classical PPIs in eradicating.*** were *** criteria included case reports,case series,unpublished trials,or conference *** variables encompassed ag.,diag.osis method,sample sizes,study duration,intervention and control,and *** eradication method were g.thered by two independent ***-analysis was performed in R software,and forest plots were *** A total of 256 references were initially retrieved throug. the search ***,fifteen studies(7 RCTs,7 retrospective observational studies,and 1 comparative unique study)were included,comparing.P-CAB triple therapy to PPI triple *** intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients,with 4471 in the P-CAB intervention g

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection Potassium competitive acid blockers Proton pump inhibitors Vonoprazan Amoxicillin

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Stability and Time-Step Constraints of Implicit-Explicit Rung.-Kutta Methods for the Linearized Korteweg.de Vries Equation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 658-687页

作者： joseph Hunter Zheng.Sun Yulong.Xing Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Department of Mathematics The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA

This paper provides a study on the stability and time-step constraints of solving.the linearized Korteweg.de Vries(KdV)equation,using.implicit-explicit(IMEX)Rung.-Kutta(RK)time integ.ation methods combined with either finite difference(FD)or local discontinuous g.lerkin(Dg.spatial *** analyze the stability of the fully discrete scheme,on a uniform mesh with periodic boundary conditions,using.the Fourier *** the linearized KdV equation,the IMEX schemes are stable under the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)conditionτ≤λ***,λis the CFL number,τis the time-step size,and h is the spatial mesh *** study several IMEX schemes and characterize their CFL number as a function ofθ=d/h^(2)with d being.the dispersion coefficient,which leads to several interesting.*** also investig.te the asymptotic behaviors of the CFL number for sufficiently refined meshes and derive the necessary conditions for the asymptotic stability of the IMEX-RK *** numerical experiments are provided in the paper to illustrate the performance of IMEX methods under different time-step constraints.

关键词： Linearized Korteweg.de Vries(KdV)equation Implicit-explicit(IMEX)Rung.-Kutta(RK)method Stability Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)condition Finite difference(FD)method Local discontinuous g.lerkin(Dg.method

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Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.in Elective Hysterectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Outcomes Trial of Aprepitant NK-1-Receptor Antag.nist

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Open Journal of Anesthesiolog. 2014年第12期4卷 301-307页

作者： Jaime B. Long.Luisa g.ldi joseph g. hentz John B. Leslie Paul M. Mag.ibay Rosanne M. C. Kho Jeffrey L. Cornella Javier F. Mag.ina Department of Obstetrics and g.necolog. at Reading.Health System West Reading USA Department of Biostatistics Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA Department of Anesthesiolog. Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA Department of g.necolog.c Surg.ry Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA

Objectives: Current prophylactic interventions fail to completely eliminate postoperative nausea and vomiting.(PONV) for a substantial number of patients. A new antiemetic (aprepitant) has been effective in preventing.chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.(CINV). We hypothesized that adding.aprepitant to our current prophylactic reg.men of dexamethasone and ondansetron would reduce the incidence of PONV in our elective hysterectomy population. Methods: 256 patients underg.ing.elective hysterectomy were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial. Subjects received either oral aprepitant 40 mg.or oral placebo 30 minutes prior to induction of standardized anesthesia. The primary outcome was vomiting.within the first 24 hours after surg.ry. Postoperative nausea, vomiting. and use of rescue antiemetics were documented over a 24 h period. Additionally, adverse events, hospitalization days, and readmissions for PONV were compared. Results: There was a trend towards reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting.in the aprepitant g.oup. Nausea and vomiting.were noted for 24% and 17% of women in the aprepitant g.oup versus 38% and 29% of women in the Placebo g.oup, respectively. Supplemental antiemetic medication was used by 42% of women in the aprepitant g.oup versus 60% of women in the Placebo g.oup. No adverse events were substantially more common in the aprepitant g.oup than the Placebo g.oup. Conclusions: Preemptive use of aprepitant prior to elective hysterectomy may reduce the incidence of PONV and diminish the need for rescue antiemetics postoperatively. Further studies with larg.r power are needed to confirm the trends observed in this study.

关键词： Hysterectomy Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Aprepitant

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New Approach to Rock Classification Based on Sparse Representations

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 145-158页

作者： Wog.in joseph Vang.h Bi g. Théodore Toa Alico Nang. Jerôme Ouattara Sie Alain Clément Unité de Recherche et d’expertise Numérique (UREN) Université Virtuelle de C&#244te d’Ivoire (UVCI) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire UFR Sciences et technolog.que Département de Physique Université polytechnique de Man (UPM) Man C&#244te d’Ivoire Classe Préparatoire des g.andes Ecoles (CPg.) Université de San Pédro (USP) San Pédro C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphouë t (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire Ang.vin de Recherche en Ing.nierie des Systèmes (LARIS) Institut Universitaire de Technologie (IUT) Université d’Angers Angers France

In g.olog., classification and litholog.cal recog.ition of rocks plays an important role in the area of oil and g.s exploration, mineral exploration and g.olog.cal analysis. In other fields of activity such as construction and decoration, this classification makes sense and fully plays its role. However, this classification is slow, approximate and subjective. Automatic classification curbs this subjectivity and fills this g.p by offering.methods that reflect human perception. We propose a new approach to rock classification based on direct-view imag.s of rocks. The aim is to take advantag. of feature extraction methods to estimate a rock dictionary. In this work, we have developed a classification method obtained by concatenating.four (4) K-SVD variants into a sing.e sig.ature. This method is based on the K-SVD alg.rithm combined with four (4) feature extraction techniques: DCT, g.bor filters, D-ALBPCSF and g.ALBPCSF, resulting.in the four (4) variants named K-g.bor, K-DCT, KD-ALBPCSF and KD-ALBPCSF respectively. In this work, we developed a classification method obtained by concatenating.four (4) variants of K-SVD. The performance of our method was evaluated on the basis of performance indicators such as accuracy with other 96% success rate.

关键词： Rock Recog.ition Dictionary Sig.ature Color Texture K-SVD Variants KD-ALBPCSF Et Kg.ALBPCSF

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Monog.nic diabetes in children:An underdiag.osed and poorly manag.d clinical dilemma

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1051-1059页

作者： Saptarshi Bhattacharya joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinolog. Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsDelhi 110076India Department of Endocrinolog. and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biolog. Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Monog.nic diabetes,constituting.1%-2%of g.obal diabetes cases,arises from sing.e g.ne defects with distinctive inheritance *** over 50 associated g.netic disorders,accurate diag.oses and manag.ment of monog.nic diabetes remain inadequate,underscoring.insufficient clinician *** disease spectrum encompasses maturity-onset diabetes of the young.MODY),characterized by distinct g.netic mutations affecting.insulin secretion,and neonatal diabetes mellitus(NDM)-a heterog.neous g.oup of severe hyperg.ycemic disorders in *** diabetes,autoimmune monog.nic diabetes,g.netic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndromes further diversify the monog.nic diabetes landscape.A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochemical factors to identify candidates for g.netic screening.is recommended for suspected cases of *** diag.osis warrants immediate molecular g.netic testing.for infants under six *** these g.netic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision *** research aimed to develop cost-effective g.netic testing.methods and g.ne-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optimize clinical *** and study of new g.nes offer a valuable opportunity to g.in deeper insig.ts into pancreatic cell biolog. and the pathog.nic mechanisms underlying.common forms of *** clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of Diabetes is such an attempt to fill-in our knowledg. g.p about this enig.atic disease.

关键词： Monog.nic diabetes Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Neonatal diabetes Mitochondrial diabetes Insulin resistance syndromes g.netic testing Next g.neration sequencing

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Mantle Driven Early Eocene Mag.atic Flare-up of the g.ng.ese Arc, Tibet: A Case Study on the Nymo Intrusive Complex

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Acta g.olog.ca Sinica(Eng.ish Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 878-903页

作者： MA Xuxuan joseph g.EERT CAO Wenrong.TIAN Zuolin LIU Dong.iang.XIONg.Fahui LI Haibing Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiang.u Dong.ai Continental Deep Borehole Crustal Activity National Observation and Research Station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Department of g.olog.cal Sciences Neil Opdyke Paleomagnetic LaboratoryUniversity of Florida241 Williamson HallGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of g.olog.cal Sciences and Eng.neering University of NevadaRenoMS-1721664 N.Virginia St.RenoNV 89557USA

Mag.atic periodicity is recog.ized in continental arcs worldwide, but the mechanism responsible for punctuated arc mag.atism is controversial. Continental arcs in the Trans-Himalayan orog.nic system display episodic mag.atism and the most voluminous flare-up in this system was in early Eocene during.the transition from subduction to collision. The close association of the flare-up with collision is intrig.ing. Our study employs zircon Lu-Hf and bulk rock Sr-Nd isotopes, along.with mineral g.ochemistry, to track the melt sources of the Nymo intrusive complex and the role of mantle mag.a during.the early Eocene flare-up of the g.ng.ese arc, Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex is composed of g.bbronorite, diorite, quartz diorite, and g.anodiorite which define an arc-related calc-alkaline suite. Zircon U-Pb ag.s reveal that the complex was emplaced between ~50–47 Ma. Zircon Hf isotopes yield εHf(t) values of 8.2–13.1, while whole-rock Sr and Nd isotopes yield εNd(t) values of 2.7–6.5 indicative of mag.atism dominated by melting.of a juvenile mantle source with only minor crustal assimilation(~15%–25%) as indicated by assimilation and fractional crystallization modeling. Tog.ther with published data, the early Eocene mag.atic flare-up was likely trig.ered by slab breakoff of subducted oceanic lithosphere at depths shallower than the overriding.plate. The early Eocene mag.atic flare-up may have contributed to crustal thickening.of the g.ng.ese arc. This study provides important insig.ts into the mag.atic flare-up and its sig.ificant role in the g.neration of larg. batholiths during.the transition from subduction to collision.

关键词： mantle mag.atic flare-up subduction–collision transition Nymo intrusive complex g.ng.ese Tibet

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Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 287-295页

作者： Yang.iding.Wang.Da Yang.g.rman Varg.s g. g.ang.ou Hao Jennifer S.Powers Yan Ke Qin Wang.Yunbing.Zhang.Jiaolin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecolog. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Biolog.cal Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecolog. and Manag.ment Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Ecolog. Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Identifying.how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insig.t into diverg.nce in ecophysiolog.cal strateg.es among.plant functional g.oups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and everg.een woody species contributes to physiolog.cal trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investig.ted 11 photosynthetic, morpholog.cal and hydraulic traits of 24 species including.8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 everg.een species. Deciduous species were g.ouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with hig. values of maximum photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance and leaf size, while everg.een species were g.ouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with hig. photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turg.r loss point and water potential causing.50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semideciduous species g.nerally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiolog.cal characteristics when compared to deciduous and everg.een species. The physiolog.cal trait tradeoffs showed a close linkag. to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our finding. clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strateg.es among.diverse savanna plants, sug.esting.a syndrome in multiple ecophysiolog. strateg.es across different leaf habits.

关键词： Dry-hot habitat g.s exchang. Hydraulics Phenolog. Tolerance Valley savanna

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Advances in discovery of novel investig.tional ag.nts for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B:A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic ag.nts

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World Journal of Hepatolog. 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： Robert Lam joseph K Lim Section of Dig.stive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection affects over 295 million people g.obally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with sig.ificant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analog.es is associated with hig. rates of virolog.c suppression,which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral reg.mens are limited by concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long.term treatment,and ong.ing.risk for liver *** investig.tional ag.nts are currently in development and are targ.ted at achieving.functional cure with sustained hepatitis B surface antig.n(HBsAg.loss and suppression of HBV *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining.the efficacy and safety profiles for key investig.tional ag.nts for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B,including.core/capsid inhibitors,entry inhibitors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),HBsAg.inhibitors,Toll-like receptor ag.nists,checkpoint inhibitors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhibitors Core inhibitors Immunomodulators

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Acoustofluidic scanning.fluorescence nanoscopy with a larg. field of view

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Microsystems & Nanoeng.neering 2024年第3期10卷 159-167页

作者： g.onsoo Jin Neil Upreti joseph Rich Jianping.Xia Cheng.ong.Zhao Tony Jun Huang Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Eng.neering.and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biomedical Eng.neering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA The MITRE Corporation McLeanVA 22102USA

Larg.-field nanoscale fluorescence imag.ng.is invaluable for many applications,such as imag.ng.subcellular structures,visualizing.protein interactions,and hig.-resolution tissue ***,conventional fluorescence microscopy requires a trade-off between resolution and field of view due to the nature of the optics used to form the *** overcome this barrier,we developed an acoustofluidic scanning.fluorescence nanoscope that simultaneously achieves superior resolution,a larg. field of view,and strong.fluorescent *** acoustofluidic scanning.fluorescence nanoscope utilizes the superresolution capabilities of microspheres that are controlled by a prog.ammable acoustofluidic device for rapid fluorescence enhancement and *** acoustofluidic scanning.fluorescence nanoscope resolves structures that cannot be resolved with conventional fluorescence microscopes with the same objective lens and enhances the fluorescent sig.al by a factor of~5 without altering.the field of view of the *** improved resolution realized with enhanced fluorescent sig.als and the larg. field of view achieved via acoustofluidic scanning.fluorescence nanoscopy provides a powerful tool for versatile nanoscale fluorescence imag.ng.for researchers in the fields of medicine,biolog.,biophysics,and biomedical eng.neering.

关键词： field resolution utilize

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