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Prevalence of epilepsy in the onchocerciasis endemic middle belt of Ghana after 27 years of mass drug administration with ivermectin

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 106-106页

作者： Kenneth Bentum Otabil Blessing Ankrah Emmanuel John Bart-Plange Emmanuel Sam Donkoh Fiona Amoabil Avarikame Fredrick Obeng Ofori-Appiah Theophilus Nti Babae Prince-Charles Kudzordzi Vera Achiaa Darko joseph ameyaw joseph Gyekye Bamfo Raji Abdul Sakibu Daniel Antwi-Berko joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo María-Gloria Basáñez Henk D.F.H.Schallig Robert Colebunders NeTroDis Research Group Centre for Research in Applied Biology School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Biological Science School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Global Health Institute University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana STU Clinic Sunyani Technical University Sunyani Ghana Happy Family Hospital Nkoranza Ghana Tain District Hospital Nsawkaw Ghana Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis (MRC GIDA) and London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK Department of Medical Microbiology Experimental Parasitology Unit Amsterdam University Medical Centres Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

BackgroundIn onchocerciasis-endemic areas with high ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission,a high prevalence of epilepsy has been *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in the Bono Region of Ghana following 27 years of implementation of ivermectin mass drug administration(MDA).MethodsBetween October 2020 and August 2021,cross-sectional surveys were conducted in nine communities in the Tain District and Wenchi Municipality of the Bono Region of *** the first stage,a random door-to-door approach was used to screen the population for epilepsy using a pre-tested *** suspected of having epilepsy were invited for a second-stage neurological examination for case *** *** microfilarial infection status and Ov16 seropositivity were also ***-five confidence intervals(95%CI)for prevalence values were calculated using the Wilson Score *** the 971 participants,500(51.5%)were females,and the median age(interquartile range)was 26(15‒43)*** participants(1.4%,95%CI:1.0‒2.0)were diagnosed as having epilepsy with generalized seizures being the most frequent seizure type(85.7%,12/14).The overall microfilarial prevalence of *** was 10.3%(November 2020)and 9.9%(August 2021);the Ov16 seroprevalence was 22.2%(June 2021).Only 63.2%took ivermectin in the last round of MDA distribution in March *** 1.4%prevalence of epilepsy in the Bono region is similar to the median epilepsy prevalence in sub-Saharan ***,the persistent microfilarial prevalence and low ivermectin study coverage call for the Ghana Onchocerciasis Elimination Programme to step up its efforts to ensure that the gains achieved are consolidated and improved to achieve the elimination of onchocerciasis by 2030.

关键词： Onchocerca volvulus Microflaria Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy Seizure Ivermectin Mass drug administration Coverage

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EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OFδ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-PRESSURE GAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Abhishek DAS K.T.joseph Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the Burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded Borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1213-1223页

作者： joseph Edwin Kanu Jonathan Soldera Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infects over half the global population,causing gastrointestinal diseases like dyspepsia,gastritis,duodenitis,peptic ulcers,GMALT lymphoma,and gastric *** *** is crucial for treating and preventing these *** conventional proton pump inhibitor(PPI)-based triple therapy is effective,there’s growing interest in longer acid suppression *** competitive acid blocker(P-CAB)triple and dual therapy are new regimens for *** *** used in Asian populations,vonoprazan(VPZ)has been recently Food and Drug Administration-approved for *** *** To assess the efficacy of regimens containing P-CABs in eradicating *** *** This study,following PRISMA 2020 guidelines,conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or observational studies with the following command:[("Helicobacter pylori"OR"H pylori")AND("Treatment"OR"Therapy"OR"Eradication")AND("Vonaprazan"OR"Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker"OR"P-CAB"OR"PCAB"OR"Revaprazan"OR"Linaprazan"OR"Soraprazan"OR"Tegoprazan")].Studies comparing the efficacy of P-CABs-based treatment to classical PPIs in eradicating *** were *** criteria included case reports,case series,unpublished trials,or conference *** variables encompassed age,diagnosis method,sample sizes,study duration,intervention and control,and *** eradication method were gathered by two independent ***-analysis was performed in R software,and forest plots were *** A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search ***,fifteen studies(7 RCTs,7 retrospective observational studies,and 1 comparative unique study)were included,comparing P-CAB triple therapy to PPI triple *** intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients,with 4471 in the P-CAB intervention g

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection Potassium competitive acid blockers Proton pump inhibitors Vonoprazan Amoxicillin

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Stability and Time-Step Constraints of Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta Methods for the Linearized Korteweg-de Vries Equation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 658-687页

作者： joseph Hunter Zheng Sun Yulong Xing Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Department of Mathematics The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA

This paper provides a study on the stability and time-step constraints of solving the linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation,using implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)time integration methods combined with either finite difference(FD)or local discontinuous Galerkin(DG)spatial *** analyze the stability of the fully discrete scheme,on a uniform mesh with periodic boundary conditions,using the Fourier *** the linearized KdV equation,the IMEX schemes are stable under the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)conditionτ≤λ***,λis the CFL number,τis the time-step size,and h is the spatial mesh *** study several IMEX schemes and characterize their CFL number as a function ofθ=d/h^(2)with d being the dispersion coefficient,which leads to several interesting *** also investigate the asymptotic behaviors of the CFL number for sufficiently refined meshes and derive the necessary conditions for the asymptotic stability of the IMEX-RK *** numerical experiments are provided in the paper to illustrate the performance of IMEX methods under different time-step constraints.

关键词： Linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation Implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)method Stability Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)condition Finite difference(FD)method Local discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method

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Wan-Yee joseph Lau:the promoter of modernization and internationalization of Chinese surgery

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 1-3页

作者： Wan-Yee joseph Lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

To my knowledge,there have been 3 books[1–3]and 2 book chapters written about me.[4–5]For those who are interested in the details of my life,please refer to these books/book *** title of this article is an English translation of the title of the book I refer to as reference 1,which I find appropriate to describe the role that I play in China.

关键词： please details translation

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Monogenic diabetes in children:An underdiagnosed and poorly managed clinical dilemma

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1051-1059页

作者： Saptarshi Bhattacharya joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsDelhi 110076India Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Monogenic diabetes,constituting 1%-2%of global diabetes cases,arises from single gene defects with distinctive inheritance *** over 50 associated genetic disorders,accurate diagnoses and management of monogenic diabetes remain inadequate,underscoring insufficient clinician *** disease spectrum encompasses maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY),characterized by distinct genetic mutations affecting insulin secretion,and neonatal diabetes mellitus(NDM)-a heterogeneous group of severe hyperglycemic disorders in *** diabetes,autoimmune monogenic diabetes,genetic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndromes further diversify the monogenic diabetes landscape.A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochemical factors to identify candidates for genetic screening is recommended for suspected cases of *** diagnosis warrants immediate molecular genetic testing for infants under six *** these genetic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision *** research aimed to develop cost-effective genetic testing methods and gene-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optimize clinical *** and study of new genes offer a valuable opportunity to gain deeper insights into pancreatic cell biology and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying common forms of *** clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of Diabetes is such an attempt to fill-in our knowledge gap about this enigmatic disease.

关键词： Monogenic diabetes Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Neonatal diabetes Mitochondrial diabetes Insulin resistance syndromes Genetic testing Next generation sequencing

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Periodontitis:An often-neglected complication of diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： Marina G Kudiyirickal joseph M Pappachan Primary Care Dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and periodontitis is now well established,resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM)after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular *** can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral microbial flora aggravating the local inflammation and infection in those with periodontal *** the other hand,the chemical and immunological mediators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflammation worsen the systemic insulin resistance with worsening of *** if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes examined the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with *** prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this *** on logistic regression analysis,the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency[odds ratio(OR)=4.3],high triglycerides(TG;OR=3.31),high total cholesterol(TC;OR=2.87),higher glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c;OR=2.55),and higher age(OR=1.05)while higher education level was protective(OR=0.53).However,the most influential variables were HbA1c followed by age,TC,TG,low education level,brushing frequency,and sex on the random forest model(this model showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk).A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2DM patients is important in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to improve periodontal health and enable long-term glycaemic control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease Glycaemic control

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Hemodynamic management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia:the role of targeted neonatal echocardiography

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 81-89页

作者： Aimann Surak Linda Mahgoub joseph Y Ting Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)is a major congenital anomaly,resulting from the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity,thereby impeding the proper development of the lungs and pulmonary *** severity correlates with a spectrum of pulmonary hypoplasia,pulmonary hypertension(PHT),and cardiac dysfunction,constituting the pathophysiological triad of this complex *** accurate diagnosis and effective management of PHT and cardiac dysfunction is pivotal to optimizing patient *** neonatal echocardiography is instrumental in delivering real-time data crucial for the bespoke,pathophysiology-targeted hemodynamic management of CDH-associated PHT.

关键词： congenital targeted neonatal

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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B:A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： Robert Lam joseph K Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)loss and suppression of HBV *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B,including core/capsid inhibitors,entry inhibitors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),HBsAg inhibitors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhibitors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhibitors Core inhibitors Immunomodulators

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Acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscopy with a large field of view

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 159-167页

作者： Geonsoo Jin Neil Upreti joseph Rich Jianping Xia Chenglong Zhao Tony Jun Huang Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA The MITRE Corporation McLeanVA 22102USA

Large-field nanoscale fluorescence imaging is invaluable for many applications,such as imaging subcellular structures,visualizing protein interactions,and high-resolution tissue ***,conventional fluorescence microscopy requires a trade-off between resolution and field of view due to the nature of the optics used to form the *** overcome this barrier,we developed an acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope that simultaneously achieves superior resolution,a large field of view,and strong fluorescent *** acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope utilizes the superresolution capabilities of microspheres that are controlled by a programmable acoustofluidic device for rapid fluorescence enhancement and *** acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope resolves structures that cannot be resolved with conventional fluorescence microscopes with the same objective lens and enhances the fluorescent signal by a factor of~5 without altering the field of view of the *** improved resolution realized with enhanced fluorescent signals and the large field of view achieved via acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscopy provides a powerful tool for versatile nanoscale fluorescence imaging for researchers in the fields of medicine,biology,biophysics,and biomedical engineering.

关键词： field resolution utilize

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