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Metabolic and Phenotypic Responses of Greenhouse-Grown Maize Hybrids to Experimentally Controlled Drought Stress

Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 401-417页

作者： Sandra Witt luis Galicia Jan Lisec Jill Cairns Axel Tiessen jose luis araus Natalia Palacios-Rojas Alisdair R. Fernie Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany CIMMYT Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico DF Mexico CIMMYT Int. PO Box MP 163 Mount Pleasant Harare Zimbabwe Departamento de Ingenieria CINVESTAV Unidad Irapuato KM 9.8 Libramiento Norte CP 36821 Irapuato Guanajuato Mexico University of Barcelona Department of Vegetal Biology Faculty of Biology Av. Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona Spain

Adaptation to abiotic stresses like drought is an important acquirement of agriculturally relevant crops like maize. Development of enhanced drought tolerance in crops grown in climatic zones where drought is a very dominant stress factor therefore plays an essential role in plant breeding. Previous studies demonstrated that corn yield potential and enhanced stress tolerance are associated traits. In this study, we analyzed six different maize hybrids for their ability to deal with drought stress in a greenhouse experiment. We were able to combine data from morphophysiological parameters measured under well-watered conditions and under water restriction with metabolic data from different organs. These different organs possessed distinct metabolite compositions, with the leaf blade displaying the most considerable metabolome changes following water deficiency. Whilst we could show a general increase in metabolite levels under drought stress, including changes in amino acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, and intermediates of the TCA cycle, these changes were not differential between maize hybrids that had previously been designated based on field trial data as either drought-tolerant or susceptible. The fact that data described here resulted from a greenhouse experiment with rather different growth conditions compared to natural ones in the field may explain why tolerance groups could not be confirmed in this study. We were, however, able to highlight several metabolites that displayed conserved responses to drought as well as metabolites whose levels correlated well with certain physiological traits.

关键词： carbon metabolism metabolomics water relations.

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Channel Response to Gravel Mining Activities in Mountain Rivers

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Journal of Mountain Science 2004年第3期1卷 264-269页

作者： josé luis López S. Institute of Fluid Mechanics Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

s: The removal of bed material from active river channels usually affects the bed profile of the streambed, causing progressive degradation upstream and downstream of the extraction site. These effects can extend for kilometers affecting hydraulic structures located in the vicinity of the river reach. In this paper, the geomorphic effects of gravel mining are reviewed and summarized. Some cases in Venezuelan streams are presented to illustrate the problem. To describe the processes of erosion and sedimentation in a gravel extraction pit, a recent developed mathematical model for the simulation of flow and sediment transport in gravel-cobble bed streams is applied to a hypothetical case of gravel mining in a river channel. A simple rectangular dredge pit is imposed as initial condition in the channel bed, and changes in bed elevations and grain size distribution of bed material are calculated by using the numerical model. The process of deposition within the pit, and the downstream and upstream migration of the erosion wave are well simulated by the model and closely resemble the phenomena observed in laboratory experiments. The response of the friction coefficient to the changes in flow and bed elevations shows the importance in modeling adequately flow resistance and sediment transport in gravel-cobble bed streams.

关键词： Channel response gravel mining Venezuelan cases

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Nickel-based cerium zirconate inorganic complex structures for CO_(2)valorisation via dry reforming of methane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 12-23页

作者： Juan luis Martín-Espejo Loukia-Pantzechroula Merkouri Jesús Gándara-Loe josé Antonio Odriozola Tomas Ramirez Reina Laura Pastor-Pérez Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Material Sciences Institute of Seville University of Seville-CSICSeville 41092Spain Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUnited Kingdom

The increasing anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases(GHG)is encouraging extensive research in CO_(2)*** reforming of methane(DRM)depicts a viable strategy to convert both CO_(2)and CH4into syngas,a worthwhile chemical *** the different active phases for DRM,the use of nickel as catalyst is economically favourable,but typically deactivates due to sintering and carbon *** stabilisation of Ni at different loadings in cerium zirconate inorganic complex structures is investigated in this work as strategy to develop robust Ni-based DRM *** and TPR-H2analyses confirmed the existence of different phases according to the Ni loading in these ***,superficial Ni is observed as well as the existence of a CeNiO_(3)perovskite *** catalytic activity was tested,proving that 10 wt.%Ni loading is the optimum which maximises *** catalyst was also tested in long-term stability experiments at 600and 800℃in order to study the potential deactivation issues at two different *** 600℃,carbon formation is the main cause of catalytic deactivation,whereas a robust stability is shown at 800℃,observing no sintering of the active phase evidencing the success of this strategy rendering a new family of economically appealing CO_(2)and biogas mixtures upgrading catalysts.

关键词： CO_(2)conversion Dry reforming of methane Nickel catalysts Pyrochlore Cerium zirconate

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Characteristics and in-hospital mortality of elderly patients with heart failure in Spanish hospitals

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第4期20卷 247-255页

作者： Alberto Esteban-Fernández Manuel Anguita-Sánchez Juan luis Bonilla-Palomas María Anguita-Gámez María García joséluis Bernal Náyade Del Prado Cristina Fernández-Pérez Julián Pérez-Villacastin Juan joséGómez-Doblas Francisco Javier Elola Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario Severo OchoaMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital San Juan de la CruzÚbedaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadridSpain Fundación Instituto para la Mejora de la Asistencia Sanitaria MadridSpain Management Control Department Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain Department of Preventive Medicine Área Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela y BarbanzaInstituto de Investigación de SantiagoSantiago de CompostelaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMálagaSpain

BACKGROUND The prevalence of heart failure(HF)increases with age,and it is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in older ***,there are little data on in-hospital mortality in patients with HF≥75 years in *** A retrospective analysis of the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set was performed,including all HF episodes discharged from public hospitals in Spain between 2016 and *** was performed using the International Classification of Diseases,10th ***≥75 years with HF as the principal diagnosis were *** calculated:(1)the crude in-hospital mortality rate and its distribution according to age and sex;(2)the risk-standardized in-hospital mortality ratio;and(3)the association between in-hospital mortality and the availability of an intensive cardiac care unit(ICCU)in the *** We included 354,792 HF episodes of patients over 75 *** mean age was 85.2±5.5 years,and 59.2%of patients were *** most frequent comorbidities were renal failure(46.1%),diabetes mellitus(35.5%),valvular disease(33.9%),cardiorespiratory failure(29.8%),and hypertension(26.9%).In-hospital mortality was 12.7%,and increased with age[odds ratio(OR)=1.07,95%CI:1.07–1.07,P<0.001]and was lower in women(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.92–0.97,P<0.001).The main predictors of mortality were the presence of cardiogenic shock(OR=19.5,95%CI:16.8–22.7,P<0.001),stroke(OR=3.5,95%CI:3.0–4.0,P<0.001)and advanced cancer(OR=2.6,95%CI:2.5–2.8,P<0.001).In hospitals with ICCU,the in-hospital risk-adjusted mortality tended to be lower(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.72–1.00,P=0.053).CONCLUSIONS In-hospital mortality in patients with HF≥75 years between 2016 and 2019 was 12.7%,higher in males and elderly *** main predictors of mortality were cardiogenic shock,stroke,and advanced *** was a trend toward lower mortality in centers with an ICCU.

关键词： patients mortality diagnosis

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Early life investment in antlers and body growth reflects adult performance in roe deer population under supplementary feeding conditions

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 396-407页

作者： Marta PELÁEZ Isabel SANUY Juan Carlos PERAL joséluisÁlvarez ESTEBAN Santiago LAVÍN Emmanuel SERRANO Ramón PEREA Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Wildlife Ecology&Health group(WE&H)and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS).Facultat de Veterinària Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain Centro Cinegético I+D de Valsemana Junta de Castilla y LeónLa ErcinaLeónSpain

Recent research has challenged the idea that cervid antlers are such costly traits,supporting the assertion early-life antler investment is an honest signal of adult phenotypic ***,inferences were made based on antler measurements while growing(velvet)and thus,studies on fully-formed clean antlers are needed to avoid possible bias caused by the inter-individual variation in antler growth *** studied a semi-captive population of European roe deer inhabiting a sub-Mediterranean area(Valsemana research station)and living under optimal conditions(ad libitum food supply and veterinary care).Based on repeated measurements taken from 146 individuals,we assessed whether allocation to secondary sexual traits during early life affected body mass or antler development during ***,we evaluated which body measurements better predicted future male ***,using 488 individuals,we described age-class-specific variation in male body measurements and assessed the decline in antler size between adult and senescent stages(*** of senescence).Results agree with the assertion that there is no negative effect of a high investment in antler during early life on adult antler size or body mass,but we suggest the use of clean antlers as a more robust and reliable *** variables that better predicted body mass during adulthood were yearling body mass and body size at 6 *** score between 10 and 18 months resulted in the best indicator of adult antler ***,we support the idea that the magnitude of senescence in antler size is smaller in environments with higher resource availability during winter.

关键词： antler size body mass early-life investment Mediterranean environments secondary sexual traits and senescence trade-offs

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The biosynthesis and wall-binding of hemicelluloses in cellulose-deficient maize cells:An example of metabolic plasticity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第4期57卷 373-387页

作者： María de Castro Janice G.Miller josé luis Acebes Antonio Encina Penélope García-Angulo Stephen C.Fry The Edinburgh Cell Wall Group Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesDaniel Rutherford BuildingThe King's Buildings Laboratory of Plant Physiology Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Léon

Cell-suspension cultures（Zea mays L.,Black Mexican sweet corn） habituated to 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile（DCB） survive with reduced cellulose owing to hemicellulose network modification. We aimed to de fine the hemicellulose metabolism modifications in DCB-habituated maize cells showing a mild reduction in cellulose at different stages in the culture cycle. Using pulse-chase radiolabeling, we fed habituated and non-habituated cultures with [3H]arabinose,and traced the distribution of 3H-pentose residues between xylans, xyloglucans and other polymers in several cellular compartments for 5 h. Habituated cells were slower taking up exogenous [3H]arabinose. Tritium was incorporated into polysaccharide-bound arabinose and xylose residues, but habituated cells diverted a higher proportion of their new [3H]xylose residues into（hetero） xylans at the expense of xyloglucan synthesis. During logarithmic growth, habituated cells showed slower vesicular traf ficking of polymers,especially xylans. Moreover, habituated cells showed a decrease in the strong wall-binding of all pentose-containing polysaccharides studied; correspondingly, especially in log phase cultures, habituation increased the proportion of 3H-hemicelluloses（[3H]xylans and [3H]xyloglucan） sloughed into the medium. These findings could be related to the cel walls’ cellulose-deficiency, and consequent reduction in binding sites for hemicelluloses; the data could also re fl ect the habituated cells’ reduced capacity to integrate arabinox ylans by extra-protoplasmic phenolic cross-linking, as well as xyloglucans, during wall assembly.

关键词： Arabinoxylan cell wall cross-linking 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile Hemicellulose biosynthesis xyloglucan

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Early-onset colorectal cancer:A separate subset of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17288-17296页

作者： Irene Osorio Silla Daniel Rueda Yolanda Rodríguez Juan luis García Felipe de la Cruz Vigo josé Perea Department of Surgery 12 de Octubre University HospitalMadrid 28041Spain Molecular Biology Laboratory 12 de Octubre University HospitalMadrid 28041Spain Department of Pathology 12 de Octubre University HospitalMadrid 28041Spain Centre for Cancer Research Medical University of SalamancaSalamanca 37008Spain

Colorectal cancer(CRC)has a great impact on the world *** increasing frequency,CRC is described according to the presenting phenotype,based on its molecular *** of CRC tumors according to their genetic and/or epigenetic alterations is not only important for establishing the molecular bases of the disease,but also for predicting patient outcomes and developing more individualized ***-onset CRC is a heterogeneous disease,with a strong familial component,although the disease is sporadic in an important proportion of *** molecular alterations appear to contribute to the apparent heterogeneity of the early-onset population and subgroups can be distinguished with distinct histopathologic and familial ***,compared with late-onset CRC,there are characteristicsthat suggest that early-onset CRC may have a different molecular *** purpose of this review was to analyze the current state of knowledge about earlyonset CRC with respect to clinicopathologic,familial and molecular ***,these features make it increasingly clear that this subset of CRC may be a separate disease,although it has much in common with late-onset CRC.

关键词： Chromosomal instability CpG island methylator phenotype Early-onset colorectal cancer Lynch syndrome Microsatellite instability

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Animal models used to study direct peripheral nerve repair: a systematic review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 491-502页

作者： Francisco Javier Vela Guadalupe Martínez-Chacón Alberto Ballestín joséluis Campos Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo Elena Abellán Department of Microsurgery Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery CentreCáceresSpain Scientific Director Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery CentreCáceresSpain

Objective:Peripheral nerve repair is required after traumatic *** common condition represents a major public health problem *** after nerve repair depends on several factors,including the severity of the injury,the nerve involved,and the surgeon’s technical *** the precise microsurgical repair of nerve lesions,adequate functional recovery is not always achieved and,therefore,the regeneration process and surgical techniques are still being ***-clinical animal models are essential for this research and,for this reason,the focus of the present systematic review(according to the PRISMA statement)was to analyze the different animal models used in pre-clinical peripheral nerve repair *** sources:Original articles,published in English from 2000 to 2018,were collected using the Web of Science,Scopus,and PubMed *** selection:Only preclinical trials on direct nerve repair were included in this *** articles were evaluated by the first two authors,in accordance with predefined data *** measures:The primary outcomes included functional motor abilities,daily activity and regeneration *** outcomes included coaptation technique and animal ***:This review yielded 267 articles,of which,after completion of the screening,49 studies were *** were 1425 animals in those 49 studies,being rats,mice,guinea pigs,rabbits,cats and dogs the different pre-clinical *** nerves used were classified into three groups:head and neck(11),forelimb(8)and hindlimb(30).The techniques used to perform the coaptation were:microsuture(46),glue(12),laser(8)and mechanical(2).The follow-up examinations were histology(43),electrophysiological analysis(24)and behavioral observation(22).Conclusion:The most widely used animal model in the study of peripheral nerve repair is the *** animal models are also used but the cost-benefit of the rat model provides several strengths over the ***

关键词： nerve microsurgery peripheral nerve regeneration repair reconstruction direct nerve repair animal model coaptation PRISMA systematic review

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Energy Conversion Factor for Gasoline Engines in Real-World Driving Emission Cycle

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第2期3卷 169-180页

作者： Toshizaemom Noce Sérgio de Morais Hanriot luis Carlos Monteiro Sales joséRicardo Sodré Matheus Bitarães de Novaes Department of Mechanical Engineering Pontifical University of Minas GeraisAv.Dom JoséGaspar 500Belo HorizonteMG 30535-901Brazil School of Engineering&Applied Science Aston UniversityAston TriangleBirmingham B47ETUK Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Pres.Antônio Carlos6627Belo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil

A precise energy conversion factor is required to define the impact of greenhouse gas emissions by gasoline-powered vehi-cles and policies that will guide the application of future *** current energy conversion factor adopted by many countries is based on the Willans line approach,initially proposed in 1888 for steam engines,later adapted for internal combustion *** actual energy conversion factor,which defines the energy conversion for drivers in real traffic,is *** this article,eight world-class engines are tested in an engine bench for the acquisition of specific fuel consumption 3D ***,their energy conversion factors,calculated by dividing the energy output by the energy input,are simulated in real and urban traffic,acquired according to the real driving emissions(RDE)*** addition,a reference vehicle is instrumented to measure the energy input(fuel flow)and the energy output(mechanical energy in the half axles)under the same RDE cycle *** results of both procedures are very similar,respectively,0.405±0.04 L/kWh for the simulation based on eight benchmark engines,and 0.392±0.04 L/kWh for the reference vehicle driven in RDE traffic conditions,with a 95%confidence *** turbocharged engines,the factor attained by the simulation is 0.395±0.04 L/*** values of the energy conversion factor for gasoline engines got in this research are higher than those obtained through the Willans line approach,suggesting a new standard value of 0.405 L/kWh,replacing the current 0.264 L/*** could substantially change the greenhouse gas emissions in a tank-to-wheel approach for the entire vehicle and add-on eco-innovations.

关键词： Energy conversion factor Willans line EC443 Eco-innovation CO_(2)emission

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世界水土保持学会副主席,水土保持专家joséluis Rubio先生论森林火灾后土壤的保护与修复:生物工程的作用

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水土保持通报 2019年第1期39卷 310-316页

作者： josé luis Rubio 西班牙巴伦西亚大学沙漠化研究中心

[目的]讨论火灾地区土壤保护的基本方法,旨在从生物多样性和美学价值方面,阐述新兴生物工程领域在修复与固结土壤,保护土壤免遭不同类型侵蚀,维持景观质量等方面中的应用。[方法]通过综述和评价现行生物工程技术在西班牙森林火灾后土壤... 详细信息

[目的]讨论火灾地区土壤保护的基本方法,旨在从生物多样性和美学价值方面,阐述新兴生物工程领域在修复与固结土壤,保护土壤免遭不同类型侵蚀,维持景观质量等方面中的应用。[方法]通过综述和评价现行生物工程技术在西班牙森林火灾后土壤保持和土壤修复中的应用,阐述了有关基本原理,并介绍了一些生物工程技术在受火灾影响的不同地区的成功应用案例。[结果]生物工程技术用于森林火灾后土壤保护和修复的重要基础知识部分仍基于土壤保持的一些传统原理,尤其在与具体干预的立地和简单技术应用的生态一致性方面。同时也不应低估新近土木工程的作用。这些土木工程技术(包括金属笼的使用)为生物要素(主要是植物物质)发挥更大作用提供了条件,而这些生物要素是在特定干预区气候或生物物理条件下发挥固结土壤作用的重要因素。与活体材料一起使用的还有各种生物物质,例如植物残留物,砍下的灌木,木质化元素,以及多种土工织物。这些技术可以归结分为4组主要形式:(1)土壤保护技术,(2)地面稳定技术,(3)重建技术组合,(4)其他稳定技术。[结论]用于土壤保护的生物工程技术提供了一种更为环保和具有长期有效性的方法。它同时具有耗资低,适应性强和提供多功能景观效益等优势。然而,生物技术也存在一些缺陷,例如人力资源需求,缺乏有关知识和合适的植物物质,特别是在一些干旱气候地区。尽管如此,生物工程方法在满足森林火灾影响后土壤保护的紧急干预措施这类新需求过程中表现出其正在崛起,有应用前途和快速发展的态势。

关键词：森林火灾生物工程土壤保持与修复环境一致性

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