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Effects of N-acetylcysteine on growth,viability and reactive oxygen species levels in small antral follicles cultured in vitro

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Asian pacific Journal of reproduction 2023年第1期12卷 42-48页

作者： Efigênia B.Cordeiro Bianca r.silva Laís r.F.M.Paulino Pedro A.A.Barroso Laryssa G.Barrozo Miguel F.de Lima Neto josér.v.silva Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of reproduction Federal University of CearaAv.Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 10062041-040SobralCEBrazil

Objective:To investigate the effects of different concentrations of N-acetylcysteine on follicular growth and morphology,as well as on viability,levels of reactive oxygen species(rOS)and meiotic progression of oocytes from in vitro cultured bovine early antral ***:Isolated early antral follicles(about 500μm)were cultured in TCM-199+alone or supplemented with 1.0,5.0 or 25.0 mM N-acetylcysteine at 38.5℃with 5%CO_(2) for 8 *** diameters were evaluated at day 0,4 and 8 of *** the end of culture,the levels of rOS,chromatin configuration and viability(calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1 staining)were investigated in the cumulus-oocyte *** of follicle diameters between treatments were *** on percentages of morphologically normal follicles,growth rates and chromatin configuration in different treatments were ***:An increase in follicular diameters after culture in all treatments was observed,except for follicles cultured with 25.0 mM *** microscopy showed that oocytes cultured in all treatments were stained positively with calcein AM,and that 5.0 mM N-acetylcysteine reduced fluorescence for ethidium *** levels of rOS in oocytes from follicles cultured with 1.0 mM N-acetylcysteine showed a significant reduction compared to other *** presence of N-acetylcysteine in culture medium did not influence the rates of oocyte at the germinal vesicle ***:N-acetylcysteine at concentrations of 1.0 and 5.0 mM reduces rOS levels and staining for ethidium homodimer-1 in in vitro cultured follicles,respectively,while 25.0 mM N-acetylcysteine decreases follicular growth and the percentages of continuously growing follicles.

关键词： Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine Antral follicles Bovine reactive oxygen species

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Best management practices to reduce soil erosion and change water balance components in watersheds under grain and dairy production

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2024年第1期12卷 121-136页

作者： Thais Palumbo silva Danielle Bressiani Éderson Diniz Ebling joséMiguel reichert Soil Science of Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Avenuenumber 1000CEP:97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Technological Development Center Federal University of PelotasGomes Carneiro Streetnumber 1CEP:96010-610PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Soil Federal University of Santa MariaCampus Universitário s/nCEP 97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil

Soil erosion and sedimentation are among the most serious global environmental *** and water conservation measures have been proven effective ways to reduce soil *** objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of three approaches of soil and water conservation measures(soil management,vegetative measures,and structural practices)on soil erosion and water balance of two paired agricultural watersheds located in Southern *** and sediment monitoring was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in the two small paired agricultural watersheds;called North watershed(NW)and South watershed(SW).Modeling using Soil&Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)was performed to simulate individual(nine scenarios)and combined(four scenarios)best management practices(BMPs),by including the three *** the nine individual BMP scenarios,the most effective in reducing soil erosion was crop rotation and cover crop(sediment yield,SY,reduction of 38.4 for NW,and 28.8%for SW).Among the four combined scenarios,the association of all conservation approaches was the most effective in reducing soil erosion(SY reduction of 46 for NW,and 41.5%for SW),followed by the vegetative measures scenario(SY reduction of 43.5 and 34.1%for NW and SW).All combined scenarios increased infiltration and subsurface water components,and decreased surface *** findings of this study can help farmers and policymakers choosing appropriate BMPs to reduce current soil erosion problems and promote water and soil conservation.

关键词： Agricultural hydrology Conservation measures SWAT Subtropical watersheds

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How far have we come?review of main public policies to reduce landslide impacts in Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 2891-2904页

作者： Bianca Carvalho vIEIrA Tiago Damas MArTINS Telma Mendes da silva joséEduardo BONINI Department of Geography University of São PauloAvenida Professor Lineu Prestes 05508-000Brazil Cities Institute Federal University of São PauloAvenida Jacu-Pêssego 08260-001Brazil Department of Geography Federal University of Rio de JaneiroAvenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 21941-916Brazil

During the rainy season in Brazil,landslides can have catastrophic consequences,including loss of life,damage to urban infrastructure and significant economic ***,more than eight million people in Brazil live in disaster-prone *** objective of this article is to present a chronological review of the principal policies and programmes at the national,state,and municipal levels,with an emphasis on their key actions aimed at mitigating the impact of disasters related to natural hazards,particularly *** analysis was based on official records of public policies from the national,state,and municipal *** results show that several initiatives were initially developed at the local and regional ***,it was not until the late 1980s that a comprehensive organisation of civil protection at the national level emerged as a response *** is possible to highlight three phases(understanding,coexistence,and prevention)of institutional action focused on risk management in the face of *** the growing knowledge of risk scenarios,disasters continue to occur in Brazil on an annual basis,revealing several obstacles to reducing their impact,particularly given the social and economic disparities between Brazilian regions and the applicability of public policies that must overcome the limitations of each municipality.

关键词： Disasters risk Mitigation Prevention Legislation Civil Defense Natural Hazards

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Plant community on a volcano mountaintop reveals unique high-altitude vegetation in southeastern Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3018-3030页

作者： Igor Musauer KESSOUS ruy josévalka ALvES Nílber Gonçalves da silva Amilcar Walter SAPOrETTI JUNIOr Biodiversity Laboratory Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of Southern Minas Gerais(IFSULDEMINAS)Av.Dirce Pereira Rosa300-Jardim Esperança37713-100Poços de CaldasMGBrazil Department of Botany National MuseumFederal University of Rio de JaneiroQuinta da Boa Vista s.n.São Cristóvão20949-040Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22BSE 41319GothenburgSweden

Mountains exhibit a high degree of endemism and diversity,however,quantifying their biodiversity can be *** to islands,species isolation in mountainous regions results in comparable patterns of evolution and extinction,rendering their biodiversity unique and highly susceptible to anthropogenic *** topographic relief in mountains plays a crucial role in creating habitat complexity,which in turn contribute to high plant ***,we investigated plant diversity in the volcano mountaintop vegetation on the Poços de Caldas Plateau,a region situated in the ecotone between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado,characterized by natural radiation and significant anthropogenic *** employed an automated approach through the filtering of georeferenced and non-georeferenced data to obtain a list of plant species in the ***,we statistically investigated the similarity among different high-altitude vegetations belonging to the campos de altitude from the Atlantic Forest and campos rupestres from the *** plateau exhibits high plant diversity,including 1,659 specific and infraspecific taxa,especially belonging to Asteraceae and *** analyses suggest that geographical distance is a strong predictor of dissimilarity and that the Poços de Caldas Plateau is more floristically related to the campos rupestres,despite being associated with campos de *** region possesses a unique set of biodiversity,indicating that it may be a distinct ***,we hypothesize that Pleistocene events likely influenced the conformation of the current floristic composition in the region through species interchange between the Cerrado and Atlantic *** study also highlights the few taxa assessed for conservation status and anthropogenic threats that this habitat is facing.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Biogeography Cerrado Community ecology Grassland

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Supplementation of vitamin E or a botanical extract as antioxidants to improve growth performance and health of growing pigs housed under thermoneutral or heat-stressed conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1101-1118页

作者： Ysenia v.silva‑Guillen Consuelo Arellano Jeffrey Wiegert r.Dean Boyd Gabriela E.Martinez Eric van Heugten Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Animal Nutrition research LLCAlvatonKY 42122USA.

Background Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs,leading to significant economic *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin E and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance,intestinal health,and oxidative and immune status in grow-ing pigs housed under heat stress *** Duplicate experiments were conducted,each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7±3.8 and 43.9±3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week,***(n=128)were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2×4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments(thermo-neutral(21.2℃)or heat-stressed(30.9℃))and 4 supplementation treatments(control diet;control+100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water;control+200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed;or control+400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed).results Heat stress for 28 d reduced(P≤0.001)final body weight,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake(-7.4 kg,-26.7%,and-25.4%,respectively)but no effects of supplementation were detected(P>0.05).Serum vitamin E increased(Pvitamin E supplementation in water and in feed(1.64 vs.3.59 and 1.64 vs.3.24),but not for the botanical extract(1.64 vs.1.67 mg/kg)and was greater when supplemented in water ***(P=0.002).Liver vitamin E increased(Pvitamin E supplementations in water(3.9 vs.31.8)and feed(3.9 vs.18.0),but not with the botanical extract(3.9 vs.4.9 mg/kg).Serum malondialdehyde was reduced with heat stress on d 2,but increased on d 28(interaction,Preater(Pr antioxidant supplementation compared to *** proliferation was reduced(P=0.037)in the jejunum under heat stress,but increased in the ileum when vitamin E was supplemented in feed and water under heat stress(interaction,P=0.04).Tumor necrosis factor-αin jejunum and ileum mucosa decreased by heat stress(Pre

关键词： Botanical extract Growing pigs Heat stress Immune status Oxidative status Tocopherol Water

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 1-12页

作者： Lucia v.Sommaro Juan J.Martinez Marina B.Chiappero Andrea r.Steinmann Cristina N.Gardenal joséW.Priotto Laboratorio de Ecologia Evolutiva y Biogeografia Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECoA)Universidad Nacional de Jujuy-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal(IDEA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)and Universidad Nacionalde CordobaCordobaArgentina Catedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolucion Facultad de Ciencias ExactasFisicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CordobaCordobaArgentina Grupo de Investigaciones en Ecologia Poblacional y Comportamental(GIEPCO) Instituto de Ciencias de la TierraBiodiversidad y Ambiente(ICBiA)Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina

The sex-biased dispersal and kinship dynamics are important factors shaping the spatial distribution of individuals and are key parameters affecting a variety of ecological and evolutionary ***,we studied the spatial distribution of related individuals within a population of corn mice Calomys musculinus in a seasonal cycle to infer dispersal *** sampling was carried out from spring 2005 to winter 2006 in field borders of intensively managed *** data from 346 individuals with 9 microsatellites showed spatial genetic structure was weak for males,but not for *** results indicate a complex spatial kinship dynamic of related females across all ***,contrary to our expectations,dispersal distances decrease with the increase of the population ***,male dispersal distances were greater when population abundance increased and thus the availability of active *** disperse greater distances to mate and sire offspring with distant females as a possible inbreeding avoidance *** study shows that *** is capable of much greater scattering distances than previously reported and that dispersal occurs fluidly and without barriers across the *** indirect benefit of dispersal on individual fitness could be related to relaxing the competition in the natal area and increasing the mating *** study highlights the value of combining genetic relatedness,fieldwork observations,and behavioral data to estimate dispersal at a fine geographical scale.

关键词： dispersal distances kinship dynamics microsatellite small mammals spatial autocorrelation

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Diabetes and obesity:A debate on bariatric interventions and its implications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第11期15卷 2157-2161页

作者： joséC Tatmatsu-rocha Marcos r Lima da silva College of Medicine Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and FunctionalityDepartment of PhysiotherapyFederal University of Ceará-UFCFortaleza 60430-450CearáBrazil

In this editorial,we comment on an article by Tang et al published in the World Journal of *** and diabetes are two pathological situations that are intrinsically *** lifestyle changes nor pharmacological treatments have achieved diabetes *** this perspective,bariatric surgery has been widely used as an approach for weight loss in obese patients and as a strategy to promote metabolic *** main effects of bariatric surgery involve direct action in improving cardiovascular function and endothelial function and reducing insulin resistance,leading to diabetes remission in the short term following *** this context,it has been observed that hormones from the gastrointestinal tract and endothelium play a prominent role in this *** reversing endothelial dysfunction,it is possible to balance pro-inflammatory cytokine production,improving the availability of nitric oxide and inhibiting vascular oxidative ***,it can be considered an efficient anti-inflammatory strategy,alleviating interferon-gamma-mediated adipose tissue *** current challenge must be to unravel the pathophysiological mechanisms and potential targets for treating metabolic diseases.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Diabetes mellitus Oxidative stress Endothelial dysfunction Obesity

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Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen vacancies in rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： veniero Lenzi josé P.B.silva Břetislav Šmíd vladimir Matoín Cosmin M.Istrate Corneliu Ghica Judith L.MacManus-Driscoll Luís Marques Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities(CF-UM-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic National Institute of Materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the v_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(DFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** DFT calculations also show that v_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of v_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima UrBIETA Bruna da silva XAvIEr IsaíJorge de CASTrO joséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GrACIOLLI Lucio AndrévIANA DIAS William Douglas CArvALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Gut microbiome:A revolution in typeⅡdiabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1874-1888页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Tejaswin Mariappan Naveen Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Swaminathan ramasubramanian Gabriel silva Santos Lucas Furtado da Fonseca joséFábio Lana Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Brazilian Institute of Regenerative MedicineIndaiatuba 13334-170São PauloBrazil Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Community Medicine Government Stanley Medical College and HospitalChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

TypeⅡdiabetes mellitus(T2DM)has experienced a dramatic increase globally across countries of various income levels over the past three *** persistent prevalence of T2DM is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental *** numerous pharmaceutical therapies have been developed,there remains an urgent need for innovative treatment approaches that offer effectiveness without significant adverse *** this context,the exploration of the gut microbiome presents a promising *** has increasingly shown that the gut microbiome of individuals with T2DM exhibits distinct differences compared to healthy individuals,suggesting its potential role in the disease’s pathogenesis and *** emerging field offers diverse applications,particularly in modifying the gut environment through the administration of prebiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiome *** interventions aim to restore a healthy microbiome balance,which could potentially alleviate or even reverse the metabolic dysfunctions associated with *** current results from clinical trials have not yet shown dramatic effects on diabetes management,the groundwork has been laid for deeper *** and future clinical trials are critical to advancing our understanding of the microbiome’s impact on *** further elucidating the mechanisms through which microbiome alterations influence insulin resistance and glucose metabolism,researchers can develop more targeted *** potential to harness the gut microbiome in developing new therapeutic strategies offers a compelling prospect to transform the treatment landscape of T2DM,potentially reducing the disease’s burden significantly with approaches that are less reliant on traditional pharmaceuticals and more focused on holistic,systemic health improvements.

关键词： TypeⅡdiabetes Gut microbiome Probiotics Prebiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

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