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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del Carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González josé Paz-Ibarra Marcio josé Concepción-Zavaleta non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine system.Chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis disruption.Despite its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently neglected.This article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver cirrhosis.The review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 articles.Liver cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary hyperaldosteronism.The optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,respectively.Sarcopenia can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging studies.Treatment options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes control.Established standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine dysfunctions.Liver transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

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Phosphorus fractions and sorption dynamics in the sediments of two Ca-SO4 water reservoirs in the central Argentine Andes

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 442-451页

作者： josé gabriel león Fernando Luis Pedrozo Pedro Félix Temporetti Instituto Argentino de nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CCT Mendoza 2. Departamento General de Irrigación Gobierno de Mendoza Espaa y Barcala 3. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue

Phosphorus(P) fractionation and sorption behavior were studied in the sediments of two calcium-sulfate(Ca-SO: Ca170 mg L; SO400 mg L) water reservoirs in the southern central Argentine Andes-El Carrizal Reservoir(ECR),which stratifies in summer and El nihuil Reservoir(EnR),which is vertically mixed throughout the year. Sediment size classes reflected the lithology of both basins and the reservoirs relative location: ECR(downstream from a valley adjacent to a mountain environment) had higher clay proportions while the sand fraction was more important in EnR(just next to a mountain environment).In both reservoirs, the chemical composition revealed low alteration and calcium enrichment. Total P content was relatively high(1.1-1.6 mg P kgdry weight) as expected from the contribution of marine formations. P fractionation was dominated by Ca-P(ECR, 69% and EnR, 63%) followed by organic-P(23%)in summer-anoxic ECR and by iron/aluminum(Fe/Al)-P(27%) in oxic EnR. Batch experiments showed that sorption behavior in ECR had a typical Langmuir isotherm plot while in EnR that model fitted only at low dissolved P values(nd co-precipitation evidence was observed at higher P concentrations. It is proposed that lower Fe/Al-P content in anoxic(ECR) vs. oxic(EnR) sediments results from the P released from iron-bound phosphorus due to sulfate reduction-ferrous sulfide formation in an anoxic environment. This condition should enable ECR sediments to adsorb P into fresh oxidized iron,and EnR sediments to co-precipitate P with calcium due to Fe/Al-P saturation, as observed in batch experiments. This paper constitutes the first description of phosphorus content and dynamics in reservoir sediments in arid central western Argentina, where water sulfate concentrations are naturally high due to basin lithology.

关键词： Reservoir Internal load Phosphorus binding Calcareous watershed Southern Central Andes

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Rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk Larisse Longo Melina Belén Keingeski Bruno de Souza Basso gabriel Tayguara Silveira Guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari joséEduardo Vargas Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski Eduardo Filippi-Chiela Mário ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and neoplastic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Department of Gastroenterology(LIM07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CnPq) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

BACKGROUnD Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,especially in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).AIM To investigate rifaximin(RIF)effects on epigenetic/autophagy markers in animals.METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water plus gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DEn)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and RIF[HFCD,DEn and RIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].Gene expression of epigenetic/autophagy markers and circulating miRnAs were obtained.RESULTS All HCC and RIF animals developed metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three RIF-group did not develop HCC.Comparing animals who developed HCC with those who did not,miR-122,miR-34a,tubulin alpha-1c(Tuba-1c),metalloproteinases-2(Mmp2),and metalloproteinases-9(Mmp9)were significantly higher in the HCC-group.The opposite occurred with Becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(Ezh2),autophagy-related factor LC3A/B(Map1 Lc3b),and p62/sequestosome-1(p62/SQSTM1)-protein.Comparing with controls,Map1 Lc3b,Becn1 and Ezh2 were lower in HCC and RIF-groups(Pn HCC compared to RIF(Pn of Mmp9 was higher in HCC in relation to the control;the opposite was observed for p62/Sqstm1(Pn of p62/SQSTM1 protein was lower in the RIF-group compared to the control(P=0.024).There was no difference among groups for Tuba-1c,Aldolase-B,alpha-fetoprotein,and Mmp2(P>0.05).miR-122 was higher in HCC,and miR-34a in RIF compared to controls(Pn HCC compared to RIF,and the inverse was observed for miR-224(Pno difference among groups regarding miR-33a,miR-143,miR-155,miR-375 and miR-21(P>0.05).COnCLUSIOn RIF might have a possible beneficial effect on preventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis through epigenetic modulation in a rat model of MASLD

关键词： Animal model Autophagy Epigenetic Hepatocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Rifaximin

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The nikola Tesla Constant and Its Relation to the Circumference Inscribed in a Square

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 277-283页

作者： Javier Mendoza navarrete josé Ismael Ojeda Campaña Huetzin Perez gabriel Luna-Sandoval Victor Verdugo Ricardo Jiménez Garcia Departamento de Matemáticas CBTis 256 DGETI Cabo San Lucas México División de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITES de Los Cabos Cabo San Lucas México DCI Departamento de Física Médica Universidad de Guanajuato León México Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial en Manufactura Universidad Estatal de Sonora Navojoa México Departamento de Eléctrica-Electrónica Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Mexicali Mexicali México

This research work relates the surface of a square and the area circumscribed by a circle, resulting in a value called nikola Tesla constant. This constant starts with the calculation of the areas of the square and the inscribed circle, giving a ratio of 9/40 and from which a residual area of the area proportions of the geometric figures described is obtained. Plotting smooth curves, particularly those in round shapes, can be represented efficiently with the use of nikola Tesla constant, reducing complex mathematical calculus.

关键词： Tesla numbers Prime number Circle Binary Area

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Combination of hydrotreating and delayed coking technologies for conversion of residue

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第11期63卷 209-219页

作者： josé A.D.Munoz gabriel Páez Jorge Ancheyta Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152Col.San Bartolo AtepehuacanMéxico City 07730México

Residue conversion by combining catalytic hydrotreating and delayed coking has been evaluated comparatively with both processes alone.Optimal operating conditions are defined to achieve the greatest economic benefit for upgrading an atmospheric residue from a heavy crude oil.A literature model was adapted to simulate the hydrotreating reactor,and for delayed coking,correlations reported in the literature were used.The results with both approaches were employed to calculate the techno-economic feasibility of the combined process scheme.The combination of hydrotreating and delayed coking presented an increase in light fractions of 29% and a reduction in coke production of 47.8%.Based on the calculated net benefit values,it was demonstrated that the combination of hydrotreating and delayed coking is technically and economically better than using each process alone,with highest benefit of 57.7 USD·m^(-3).

关键词： Economic benefit Heavy oil Hydrotreating Delayed coking

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Behavior of wood basic density according to environmental variables

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 497-505页

作者： gabriel Marcos Vieira Oliveira joséMárcio de Mello Carlos Rogério de Mello joséRoberto Soares Scolforo Eder Pereira Miguel Thiago Campos Monteiro Brazil Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Defense of Espírito Santo(IDAF) Av.Lourival Lugon Moulinnº300CentroJerônimo MonteiroES CEP:29.550-000Brazil Department of Forestry Sciences Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLACaixa Postal 3037LavrasMG CEP:37.200-000Brazil Engineering Department Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLACaixa Postal 3037LavrasMG CEP:37.200-000Brazil Forestry Engineering Department Faculdade de TecnologiaUniversity of Brasilia-UnBCampus Universitário Darcy RibeiroCaixa Postal 4357Asa Norte-BrasíliaDF CEP:70910-900Brazil Department of Forestry Engineering and Technology Universidade Federal do Paraná-UFPRAv.Pref.Lothário Meissner632Jardim BotânicoCuritibaPR CEP:80.210-170Brazil

The relationships between climate conditions and wood density in tropical forests are still poorly understood.To quantify spatial dependence of wood density in the state of Minas Gerais(MG,Brazil),map spatial distribution of density,and correlate density with climate variables,we extracted data from the Forest Inventory of Minas Gerais for 1988 trees scaled throughout the territory and measured wood density of discs removed from the trees.Environmental variables were extracted from the database of the Ecological-Economic Zoning of Minas Gerais.For spatial analysis,tree densities were measured at 44 georeferenced sampling points.The data were subjected to exploratory analysis,variography,cross-validation,model selection,and ordinary kriging.The relationships between wood density and environmental variables were calculated using dispersion matrices,linear correlation,and regression.Wood density proved to be highly spatially dependent,reaching a correlation of 96%,and was highly continuous over a distance of 228 km.The distribution of wood density followed a continuous gradient of 514-659 kg m^(−3),enabling corre-lation with environment variables.Density was correlated with mean annual precipitation(−0.57),temperature(0.63),and evapotranspiration(0.83).Geostatistical methods proved useful in predicting wood density in native tropical forests with different climate conditions.Our results confirmed the sensitivity of wood density to climate change,which could affect future carbon stock in forests.

关键词： Biomass Climate variables Geostatistics Hardwood Forest inventory Minas Gerais

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Alterations in blink and masseter reflex latencies in older adults with neurocognitive disorder and/or diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第1期10卷 177-188页

作者： Jaime Alberto Bricio-Barrios Eder Ríos-Bracamontes Mónica Ríos-Silva Miguel Huerta Walter Serrano-Moreno joséEnrique Barrios-navarro Genaro gabriel Ortiz Miguel Huerta-Trujillo joséGuzmán-Esquivel Xóchitl Trujillo Faculty of Medicine University of ColimaColima 28040ColimaMexico General Hospital Zone#1 Mexican Social Security InstituteVilla de Alvarez 28983ColimaMexico University Biomedical Research Center University of ColimaColima 28045ColimaMexico University Biomedical Research Center CONACYTColima 28045ColimaMexico Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines University Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico

BACKGROUnD Blink and masseter reflexes provide reliable,quantifiable data on the function of the central nervous system:Delayed latencies have been found in patients with neurocognitive disorder(nD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),but this has not been studied in patients with both pathologies.AIM To investigate if older adults with nD plus T2DM have prolonged latencies of blink and masseter-reflex and if they were associated with disease progression.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 227 older adults(>60 years)from Colima,Mexico.neurocognitive disorder was identified by a neuropsychological battery test,and T2DM identified by medical history,fasting glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin.Latencies in the early reflex(R1),ipsilateral late(R2),and contralateral late(R2c)components of the blink reflex were analyzed for all subjects,and 183 subjects were analyzed for latency of the masseter reflex.RESULTS In 20.7%of participants,nD was detected.In 37%,T2DM was detected.Latencies in R1,R2,and R2c were significantly prolonged for groups with nD plus T2DM,nD,and T2DM,compared with the control group(Plex was only prolonged in older adults(regardless of T2DM status)with nD vs controls(P=0.030).In older adults with nD and without T2DM,the more the cognitive impairment progressed,the more prolonged latencies in R2 and R2c presented(PnCLUSIOn These findings suggest that blink and masseter reflexes could be used to evaluate possible changes in brainstem circuits in older adults with nD and T2DM.

关键词： Blink reflex Masseter reflex Brainstem reflexes neurocognitive disorder Type 2 diabetes mellitus Older adults

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Litter decomposition and nutrient release for two tropical n-fixing species in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 487-496页

作者： David Pessanha Siqueira Giovanna Campos Mamede Weiss de Carvalho joségabriel de Souza Silva Marcos Vinicius Winckler Caldeira Deborah Guerra Barroso Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroAvenida Alberto Lamego2000Campos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Ciências Florestais e da Madeira Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoAvenida Governador Lindenberg316Jerônimo MonteiroEspírito SantoBrazil Department of Geosciences and natural Resources Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23Frederisksberg CDenmark

Litter production and decomposition are critical to forest productivity,nutrient cycling,and carbon seques-tration in tropical woody ecosystems.However,nutrient release and leaf litter stoichiometry in tropical legume tree plantations over the long term after outplanting are poorly understood or even unknown.Toward improving our under-standing of the pattern of changes in the decomposition of n-fixing leaf litters and their possible impact on carbon stor-age,we measured litter production,mass loss and nutrient release for 240 d during litter decomposition for two tropical legume tree species(Plathymenia reticulata and Hymenaea courbaril),in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.Litter production for P.reticulata was 5.689 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) and 3.231 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) for H.courbaril.The patterns of mass loss rates were similar;however,nutrient release was greater for P.reticulata,while H.courbaril showed immobilization of nutrients,especially for n,which increased by almost 20%in the early phase of decomposition followed by gradual release.Litter from the n-fixing species did differ in nutrient chemistries over time,which was not surprising given that initial nutrient concentrations varied broadly,except for C and P.Most of the nutrient concentrations increased as the remaining litter mass decreased in both species,except for C and K.The C:n and n:P ratios differed between the species,but n:P did not correlate to mass loss.Both species had n-rich leaves,but P.reticulata decomposition was very likely P-limited,while H.courbaril seemed to be co-limited by n and P.The results showed different patterns in nutrient release and the stoichi-ometry involved in the decomposition dynamics of the two tropical n-fixing species,even though they have similar litter decay rates.Both species,but especially P.reticulata,may help re-establish nutrient cycling in disturbed ecosystems.

关键词： nutrient dynamics legume species Litter chemistry Ecological stoichiometry Tropical forest

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Vegetative propagation of Apuleia leiocarpa(Vogel)J.F.Macbr

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 455-462页

作者： joségabriel de Souza Silva Diêgo Faustolo Alves Bispo David Pessanha Siqueira Giovanna Campos Mamede Weiss de Carvalho Deborah Guerra Barroso Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroAvenida Alberto LamegoCampos dos GoytacazesRJ 2000Brazil

Apuleia leiocarpa is an environmentally and economically significant Atlantic Forest species threat-ened by ongoing exploitation.The vegetative propagation of the species could be a step forward to enable implanta-tion of clonal seed orchards and multiplication of selected trees but remains unknown to date.This study assessed the mini-cutting technique for propagation of A.leiocarpa and determined the time required for rooting and viable mini-cutting type and sizes.The results show that it is possible to propagate A.leiocarpa with mini-cuttings derived from mini-stumps produced with seeds;the mini-stumps pre-sented regrowth capacity and remained constantly produc-tive for 1 year;10-cm A.leiocarpa mini-cuttings should remain under misting conditions for at least 40 days,and the vegetative propagation of A.leiocarpa with intermediate 7-to 10-cm mini-cuttings resulted in more vigorous clonal seedlings than smaller mini-cuttings.

关键词： Mini-cutting Tropical woody species Adventitious rooting Fabaceae

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Use of recycled concrete aggregates in asphalt mixtures for pavements:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 725-741页

作者： Juan gabriel Bastidas-Martínez Fredy Alberto Reyes-Lizcano Hugo Alexander Rondón-Quintana Faculty of Engineering Universidad Piloto de ColombiaBogotáDC 110231Colombia Faculty of Engineering Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáDC 110131Colombia Facultad del Medio Ambiente y Recursos naturales Universidad Distrital Francisco Joséde CaldasBogotáDC 110131Colombia

Large quantities of natural aggregates(nA)are required in the manufacturing of asphalt mixtures for pavements.The extraction of nA generates high environmental impacts that negatively affect environmental preservation and conservation.Diverse alternative materials obtained in construction and demolition processes in civil construction worked have been studies as possible replacements for nA,with the purpose of reducing these environmental impacts.The foregoing study presents a state of knowledge review referring to the use of recycled concrete aggregates(RCA)when these are used in the manufacturing of asphalt mixtures(mainly hot-mix asphalt HMA type).Environmental aspects are presented,as well as possible benefits and limitations of using RCA as replacements for nA in asphalt mixtures.However,it is not possible to establish a behavior pattern,since the characteristics of the RCA are very heterogeneous and vary from the original source of the concrete.It is highlighted from the literature that RCA has a wide potential for use in the manufacture of asphalt mixtures,since in most studies,the mixtures with these materials comply the quality requirements contemplated by the construction specifications,mainly in low-volume roads.Additionally,based on the literature review,some recommendations and suggestions are presented for future research.

关键词： Recycled concrete aggregates Asphalt mixtures Mechanical properties Volumetric composition

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