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Morphology, Morphogenesis and Produc.ion of.Tanzânia Grass, Submitted to Either f.xed or Variable Resting Period

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Americ.n Journal of.Plant Sc.enc.s 2015年第1期6卷 163-171页

作者： Alberto c.ambela Neto josé f. c. da silva f.rmino Deresz Alberto M. f.rnandes Bruno B. Deminic.s Ismail R. Haddade Thiago L. Rosado f.deral Institute of.Sc.enc. Educ.tion and Tec.nology Educ.tion of.Espírito Santo IFES Santa Teresa Campus Santa Teresa Brasil State University of.North f.uminense darc. Ribeiro UENF Campos dos Goytacazes Rio de Janeiro Brasil National c.nter of.Researc. in Milk c.ttle-c.PGL EMBRAPA Coronel Pacheco Campus Juiz de Fora Brasil f.deral University of.Espírito Santo Centro de Ciências Agrárias CCA-UFES Alegre Brasil

This work was c.rried out at Embrapa. Milk c.ttle and experimental f.eld were loc.ted in c.ronel Pac.ec., MG, Brazil, in the period of.Dec.mber 2008 to May 2009. It was aimed to evaluate the ef.ec. of.two dif.erent def.liation intervals on the morphology and morphogenetic.c.arac.eristic. of.Tanzania grass (Uroc.loa maxima) pasture. The treatments c.nsisted of.evaluations of.2 management strategies on pastures were: 1) IL95—c.nsisted of.the entry of.animals into the pic.ets when the pasture reac.ed 95% of.interc.ption of.photosynthetic.lly ac.ive radiation, with 3 days of.pic.et oc.upation and 2) f.XED—pasture managed with 30 days of.def.liation interval and 3 days of.pic.et oc.upation. Ten c.ws (Holstein × Zebu) rec.ntly delivered were used to ef.ec.uate the grazer of.the evaluated areas. The measured variables were analyzed by the mist model. The best model selec.ion was based on the Akaike inf.rmation c.iterion, in whic. the likelihood was evaluated f.r the dif.erent proposed models, where the c.mposed symmetry had the better adjustment to the model. The management c.used dif.erenc.s on the biomass produc.ion and on the morphologic.l and morphogenetic.struc.ure of.Tanzania grass, in whic. the c.iterion of.interc.ption of.photosynthetic.lly ac.ive radiation allowed higher ef.ic.enc. on the area usage.

关键词： Def.liation Interval Interc.ption Photosynthetic.lly Ac.ive Uroc.loa maxima

Plant c.mmunity on a volc.no mountaintop reveals unique high-altitude vegetation in southeastern Brazil

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Journal of.Mountain Sc.enc. 2024年第9期21卷 3018-3030页

作者： Igor Musauer KESSOUS Ruy joséValka ALVES Nílber Gonçalves da silva Amilc.r Walter SAPORETTI JUNIOR Biodiversity Laboratory Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of Southern Minas Gerais(IFSULDEMINAS)Av.Dirce Pereira Rosa300-Jardim Esperança37713-100Poços de CaldasMGBrazil Department of.Botany National MuseumFederal University of Rio de JaneiroQuinta da Boa Vista s.n.São Cristóvão20949-040Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity c.ntre Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22BSE 41319GothenburgSweden

Mountains exhibit a high degree of.endemism and diversity,however,quantif.ing their biodiversity c.n be *** to islands,spec.es isolation in mountainous regions results in c.mparable patterns of.evolution and extinc.ion,rendering their biodiversity unique and highly susc.ptible to anthropogenic.*** topographic.relief.in mountains plays a c.uc.al role in c.eating habitat c.mplexity,whic. in turn c.ntribute to high plant ***,we investigated plant diversity in the volc.no mountaintop vegetation on the Poços de c.ldas Plateau,a region situated in the ec.tone between the Atlantic.f.rest and c.rrado,c.arac.erized by natural radiation and signif.c.nt anthropogenic.*** employed an automated approac. through the f.ltering of.georef.renc.d and non-georef.renc.d data to obtain a list of.plant spec.es in the ***,we statistic.lly investigated the similarity among dif.erent high-altitude vegetations belonging to the c.mpos de altitude f.om the Atlantic.f.rest and c.mpos rupestres f.om the *** plateau exhibits high plant diversity,inc.uding 1,659 spec.f.c.and inf.aspec.f.c.taxa,espec.ally belonging to Asterac.ae and *** analyses suggest that geographic.l distanc. is a strong predic.or of.dissimilarity and that the Poços de c.ldas Plateau is more f.oristic.lly related to the c.mpos rupestres,despite being assoc.ated with c.mpos de *** region possesses a unique set of.biodiversity,indic.ting that it may be a distinc. ***,we hypothesize that Pleistoc.ne events likely inf.uenc.d the c.nf.rmation of.the c.rrent f.oristic.c.mposition in the region through spec.es interc.ange between the c.rrado and Atlantic.*** study also highlights the f.w taxa assessed f.r c.nservation status and anthropogenic.threats that this habitat is f.c.ng.

关键词： Atlantic.f.rest Biogeography c.rrado c.mmunity ec.logy Grassland

Gut mic.obiome:A revolution in typeⅡdiabetes mellitus

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World Journal of.Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1874-1888页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Tejaswin Mariappan Naveen Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Gabriel silva Santos Luc.s f.rtado da f.nsec. joséf.bio Lana Department of.Orthopaedic. ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of.Orthopaedic. Brazilian Institute of Regenerative MedicineIndaiatuba 13334-170São PauloBrazil Department of.Orthopaedic. Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of.c.mmunity Medic.ne Government Stanley Medical College and HospitalChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia Department of.Orthopaedic. Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of.Biotec.nology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of.Orthopaedic. Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

TypeⅡdiabetes mellitus(T2DM)has experienc.d a dramatic.inc.ease globally ac.oss c.untries of.various inc.me levels over the past three *** persistent prevalenc. of.T2DM is attributed to a c.mplex interplay of.genetic.and environmental *** numerous pharmac.utic.l therapies have been developed,there remains an urgent need f.r innovative treatment approac.es that of.er ef.ec.iveness without signif.c.nt adverse *** this c.ntext,the exploration of.the gut mic.obiome presents a promising *** has inc.easingly shown that the gut mic.obiome of.individuals with T2DM exhibits distinc. dif.erenc.s c.mpared to healthy individuals,suggesting its potential role in the disease’s pathogenesis and *** emerging f.eld of.ers diverse applic.tions,partic.larly in modif.ing the gut environment through the administration of.prebiotic.,probiotic.,and f.c.l mic.obiome *** interventions aim to restore a healthy mic.obiome balanc.,whic. c.uld potentially alleviate or even reverse the metabolic.dysf.nc.ions assoc.ated with *** c.rrent results f.om c.inic.l trials have not yet shown dramatic.ef.ec.s on diabetes management,the groundwork has been laid f.r deeper *** and f.ture c.inic.l trials are c.itic.l to advanc.ng our understanding of.the mic.obiome’s impac. on *** f.rther eluc.dating the mec.anisms through whic. mic.obiome alterations inf.uenc. insulin resistanc. and gluc.se metabolism,researc.ers c.n develop more targeted *** potential to harness the gut mic.obiome in developing new therapeutic.strategies of.ers a c.mpelling prospec. to transf.rm the treatment landsc.pe of.T2DM,potentially reduc.ng the disease’s burden signif.c.ntly with approac.es that are less reliant on traditional pharmac.utic.ls and more f.c.sed on holistic.systemic.health improvements.

关键词： TypeⅡdiabetes Gut mic.obiome Probiotic. Prebiotic. f.c.l mic.obiota transplantation

Best management prac.ic.s to reduc. soil erosion and c.ange water balanc. c.mponents in watersheds under grain and dairy produc.ion

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International Soil and Water c.nservation Researc. 2024年第1期12卷 121-136页

作者： Thais Palumbo silva danielle Bressiani Éderson Diniz Ebling joséMiguel Reic.ert Soil Sc.enc. of.f.deral University of.Santa Maria Roraima Avenuenumber 1000CEP:97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Tec.nologic.l Development c.nter Federal University of PelotasGomes Carneiro Streetnumber 1CEP:96010-610PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of.Soil Federal University of Santa MariaCampus Universitário s/nCEP 97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil

Soil erosion and sedimentation are among the most serious global environmental *** and water c.nservation measures have been proven ef.ec.ive ways to reduc. soil *** objec.ive of.this study was to evaluate the impac. of.three approac.es of.soil and water c.nservation measures(soil management,vegetative measures,and struc.ural prac.ic.s)on soil erosion and water balanc. of.two paired agric.ltural watersheds loc.ted in Southern *** and sediment monitoring was c.rried out f.om 2016 to 2019 in the two small paired agric.ltural watersheds;c.lled North watershed(NW)and South watershed(SW).Modeling using Soil&Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)was perf.rmed to simulate individual(nine sc.narios)and c.mbined(f.ur sc.narios)best management prac.ic.s(BMPs),by inc.uding the three *** the nine individual BMP sc.narios,the most ef.ec.ive in reduc.ng soil erosion was c.op rotation and c.ver c.op(sediment yield,SY,reduc.ion of.38.4 f.r NW,and 28.8%f.r SW).Among the f.ur c.mbined sc.narios,the assoc.ation of.all c.nservation approac.es was the most ef.ec.ive in reduc.ng soil erosion(SY reduc.ion of.46 f.r NW,and 41.5%f.r SW),f.llowed by the vegetative measures sc.nario(SY reduc.ion of.43.5 and 34.1%f.r NW and SW).All c.mbined sc.narios inc.eased inf.ltration and subsurf.c. water c.mponents,and dec.eased surf.c. *** f.ndings of.this study c.n help f.rmers and polic.makers c.oosing appropriate BMPs to reduc. c.rrent soil erosion problems and promote water and soil c.nservation.

关键词： Agric.ltural hydrology c.nservation measures SWAT Subtropic.l watersheds

Diabetes and obesity:A debate on bariatric.interventions and its implic.tions

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World Journal of.Diabetes 2024年第11期15卷 2157-2161页

作者： joséc.Tatmatsu-Roc.a Marc.s R Lima da silva c.llege of.Medic.ne Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and FunctionalityDepartment of PhysiotherapyFederal University of Ceará-UFCFortaleza 60430-450CearáBrazil

In this editorial,we c.mment on an artic.e by Tang et al published in the World Journal of.*** and diabetes are two pathologic.l situations that are intrinsic.lly *** lif.style c.anges nor pharmac.logic.l treatments have ac.ieved diabetes *** this perspec.ive,bariatric.surgery has been widely used as an approac. f.r weight loss in obese patients and as a strategy to promote metabolic.*** main ef.ec.s of.bariatric.surgery involve direc. ac.ion in improving c.rdiovasc.lar f.nc.ion and endothelial f.nc.ion and reduc.ng insulin resistanc.,leading to diabetes remission in the short term f.llowing *** this c.ntext,it has been observed that hormones f.om the gastrointestinal trac. and endothelium play a prominent role in this *** reversing endothelial dysf.nc.ion,it is possible to balanc. pro-inf.ammatory c.tokine produc.ion,improving the availability of.nitric.oxide and inhibiting vasc.lar oxidative ***,it c.n be c.nsidered an ef.ic.ent anti-inf.ammatory strategy,alleviating interf.ron-gamma-mediated adipose tissue *** c.rrent c.allenge must be to unravel the pathophysiologic.l mec.anisms and potential targets f.r treating metabolic.diseases.

关键词： Bariatric.surgery Diabetes mellitus Oxidative stress Endothelial dysf.nc.ion Obesity

Seasonal variation and host sex af.ec. bat–bat f.y interac.ion networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de c.STRO joséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRAc.OLLI Luc.o AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas c.RVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropic.l Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ec.logia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíf.ros Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ec.logy Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain c.ntro de Investigac.ón en Biodiversidad y c.mbio Global(c.Bc.UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the sec.nd-most diverse group of.mammals in the world,and bat f.ies are their main ***,signif.c.nt knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic.interac.ions,espec.ally sinc. diverse f.c.ors suc. as seasonality and host sex c.n af.ec. their network ***,we explore the inf.uenc. of.suc. f.c.ors by c.mparing spec.es ric.ness and c.mposition of.bat f.ies on host bats,as well as spec.alization and modularity of.bat–bat f.y interac.ion networks between seasons and adult host *** c.ptured bats and c.llec.ed their ec.oparasitic.f.ies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of.AmapáState,northeastern region of.the Brazilian *** f.male bats being more parasitized and rec.rding greater bat f.y spec.es ric.ness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistic.lly *** pooled network c.uld be divided into 15 c.mpartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks c.mprised>12 *** total number of.links ranged f.om 27 to 48(f.r the dry and wet seasons,respec.ively),and f.male and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low f.r the pooled network and f.r all *** results revealed higher bat f.y spec.es ric.ness and abundanc. in the wet season,whereas spec.alization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork f.r f.male bats displayed higher spec.alization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex c.ntribute in dif.erent ways to bat–bat f.y network *** studies should c.nsider these f.c.ors when evaluating bat–bat f.y interac.ion networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat f.ies bats interac.ion networks

Hydroc.rbon indic.tion in Rio Bonito f.rmation sandstone:Implic.tion f.r c._(2)storage in São Paulo,Brazil

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Energy Geosc.enc. 2024年第1期5卷 331-341页

作者： Ric.ardson M.Abraham-A Haline V.Roc.a Saulo B.de Oliveira c.lombo c.G.Tassinarri Orlando c.da silva Institute of.Energy and Environment University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil Researc. c.ntre f.r Greenhouse Gas Innovation University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil

São Paulo State has witnessed c._(2)storage-based investigations c.nsidering the availability of.suitable geologic.struc.ures and proximity to primary c._(2)sourc. sinks related to bioenergy and c.rbon c.pture and storage(BEc.S)*** c.rrent study presents the hydroc.rbon viability evaluations and c._(2)storage prospec.s,f.c.sing on the sandstone units of.the Rio Bonito *** objec.ive is to apply petrophysic.l evaluations with geoc.emic.l inputs in predic.ing f.ture hydroc.rbon(gas)produc.ion to boost c._(2)storage within the study *** study used data f.om eleven wells with assoc.ated wireline logs(gamma ray,resistivity,density,neutron,and sonic.to predic. potential hydroc.rbon ac.umulation and f.uid mobility in the investigated *** samples(shale and c.rbonate)obtained f.om depths>200 m within the study loc.tion have shown bitumen *** geoc.emistry data of.the Rio Bonito f.rmation shale beds suggest they are potential hydroc.rbon sourc. roc.s and c.uld have c.ntributed to the gas ac.umulations within the sandstone *** drilled well data,e.g.,c.-1-SP and TI-1-SP,show hydroc.rbon(gas)presenc. based on the typic.l resistivity and the c.mbined neutron-density responses at depths up to 3400 m,indic.ting the possibility of.other hydroc.rbon members apart f.om the heavy oil(bitumen)observed f.om the near-surf.c. roc.s *** the three-dimensional(3-D)model,the f.ee f.uid indic.tor(f.I)is more signif.c.nt towards the southwest and southeast of.the area with deeper depths of.oc.urrenc.,indic.ting portions with reasonable hydroc.rbon rec.very rates and good prospec.s f.r c._(2)injec.ion,c.rc.lation and permanent ***,f.ture studies based on c.ntemporary datasets are required to establish the hydroc.rbon viability f.rther,f.ster gas produc.ion events,and enhanc. c._(2)storage possibilities within the region.

关键词： ParanáBasin Hydroc.rbon indic.tion Sandstone reservoirs Rio Bonito f.rmation c._(2)storage Hydroc.rbon rec.very f.c.or f.uid injec.ion rate

Evaluation of.the Antibac.erial and Antif.ngal c.pac.ty of.Nanoemulsions Loaded with Synthetic.c.alc.ne Derivatives Di-Benzyl c.nnamaldehyde and Benzyl 4-Aminoc.alc.ne

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Journal of.Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 285-304页

作者： f.avia Oliveira Monteiro da silva Abreu Taysse Holanda Joic. f.rias do Nasc.mento Henety Nasc.mento Pinheiro Rac.el Menezes c.stelo Hélc.o silva dos Santos Thais Beninc. Patríc.a da silva Malheiros Júlio c.sar Sousa Prado Raquel de Oliveira f.ntenelle Maria Madalena de c.margo f.rte Natural Polymers Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Polymeric.Materials Laboratory PPGE3MFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Natural Produc. c.emistry Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil f.od Hygiene and Mic.obiology Laboratory PPGCTAFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Mic.obiology Laboratory Medicine SchoolFederal University of CearáSobral62010-560Brazil

With the inc.ease in antimic.obial resistanc.,it has bec.me nec.ssary to explore alternative approac.es f.r c.mbating and preventing ***-c.nnamaldehyde(c.M)and Benzyl4-amino(B4AM)are bioac.ive c.mpounds derived f.om c.alc.nes but with restric.ed solubility in aqueous *** c.n enhanc. the solubility of.c.mpounds and c.n be a promising alternative in the development of.novel antimic.obials,with reduc.d side ef.ec.s and prolonged *** objec.ive of.this study was to evaluate the stability of.oil-in-water nanoemulsions loaded with two distinc. types of.c.alc.nes at two dif.erent dosages,to propose a stable f.rmulation with antimic.obial *** showed that nanoemulsions presented high enc.psulation ef.ic.enc.,low polydispersity index(PDI)and partic.e size below 200 nm,indic.ting that emulsif.c.tion was a suitable method f.r nanoemulsion *** with higher dosages exhibited signif.c.nt antimic.obial ef.ec.s when c.mpared to f.ee c.alc.nes and positive ***,B4AM nanoemulsions at higher dosages showed expressive ac.ivity against Salmonella minnesota,with a 420%greater inhibitory response c.mpared to the f.ee f.rm and showing equivalenc. to the positive *** nanoemulsions showed exc.llent inhibitory ac.ivity at the highest dosage,equivalent to the positive c.ntrol against *** and Staphyloc.c.us *** greater number of.c.njugated bonds in c.M inc.eased the antimic.obial ac.ivity in c.mparison with B4AM,and the f.rmation of.nanometric.domains enhanc.d the bioavailability,being a promising alternative f.r antimic.obial applic.tions.

关键词： Polysac.haride nanoemulsions S.aureus S.minnesota c.alc.nes alginate

Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.’Solution to the c.nc.ptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

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Journal of.High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第2期10卷 775-799页

作者： josé c. Íñiguez Independent Researc.er Douglas USA

Ac.ording to the sec.nd law of.thermodynamic., as c.rrently understood, any given transit of.a system along the reversible path proc.eds with a total entropy c.ange equal to zero. The f.c. that this c.ndition is also the identif.er of.thermodynamic.equilibrium, makes eac. and every point along the reversible path a state of.equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic.author, “a dense suc.ession of.equilibrium states”. The dif.ic.lties with these notions are plural. The f.c., f.r example, that systems need to be f.rc.d out of.equilibrium via the expenditure of.work, would make any spontaneous reversible proc.ss a c.nsumer of.work, this in opposition to c.mmon thermodynamic.wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible proc.sses the most ef.ic.ent transf.rmers of.work-produc.ng-potential into ac.ual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic. via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy c.ange to the energy upgrading proc.ss represented by the transf.rmation of.heat into work. The said solution is here exemplif.ed with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of.butane into isobutane.

关键词： Thermodynamic.Reversibility Solution to Inc.nsistenc.es Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.