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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del Carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González josé paz-ibar.a Marcio josé Concepción-Zavaleta Non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine *** liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis *** its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently *** article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver *** review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 *** cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary *** optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,*** can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging *** options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes *** standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine *** transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

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Presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan joséPérez-Moreno Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder,characterized primarily by progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower *** ients can also experience peripheral neuropathy,cognitive impairment,and other neurological *** date,more than 80 genes have been implicated in HSP,encompassing various cellular components,although mutations in genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping proteins are the most prevalent(Parodi et al.,2017).ER-shaping proteins are generally known for regulating the tubulation and curvation of the ER,but most of them show additional functions,including fusion of ER tubules,microtubule-severing,ER autophagy,lipid droplet synthesis,contact sites with other organelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the complexity of studying the role of these proteins and the link between ER function and HSP.

关键词： reticulum endoplasmic

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Fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles by cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet in the presence of Au^(+) ions and a capping agent

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 108-115页

作者： Tatiana HABIB josé Mauricio A.CAIUT Bruno CAILLIER Laboratoire Diagnostics des Plasmas Hors Equilibre(DPHE) Universitéde ToulouseINU ChampollionAlbi 81000France Department of Chemistry The Nanomaterials and Luminescent Systems GroupFaculty of PhilosophyScience and Letters at Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão Preto-SP 14040-901Brazil

Homogeneous gold nanoparticles were synthesized under atmospheric pressure using a nonthermal helium plasma jet in a single-step process.A current power supply was used to generate the plasma discharge rich in diverse reactive *** species induce rapid chemical reactions responsible for the reduction of the gold salts upon contact with the liquid *** this study,spherical and monodispersed gold nanoparticles were obtained within 5 min of plasma exposure using a solution containing gold(Ⅲ)chloride hydrate(HAuCl_(4))as a precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a capping agent to inhibit *** formation of these metal nanoparticles was initially perceptible through a visible change in the sample's color,transitioning from light yellow to a red/pink *** was subsequently corroborated by UVvis spectroscopy,which revealed an optical absorption in the 520-550 nm range for Au NPs,corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)*** investigation into the impact of various parameters,including plasma discharge duration,precursor and capping agent concentrations,was carried out to optimize conditions for the formation of well-separated,spherical gold *** light scattering(DLS)was used to measure the size of these nanoparticles,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe their morphology and X-ray diffraction(XRD)was also employed to determine their crystallographic *** results confirm that homogeneous spherical gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 13 nm can be easily synthesized through a rapid,straightforward,and environmentally friendly approach utilizing a helium atmospheric pressure plasma.

关键词： gold nanoparticles non-thermal plasma jet helium DBD

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Capsule endoscopy and panendoscopy:A journey to the future of gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1270-1279页

作者： Bruno Rosa joséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da OliveiraGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal

In 2000,the small bowel capsule revolutionized the management of patients with small bowel ***,the technological development achieved by the new models of double-headed endoscopic capsules,as miniaturized devices to evaluate the small bowel and colon[pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy(PCE)],makes this non-invasive procedure a disruptive concept for the management of patients with digestive *** technology is expected to identify which patients will require conventional invasive endoscopic procedures(colonoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy),based on the lesions detected by the capsule,i.e.,those with an indication for biopsies or endoscopic *** use of PCE in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases,namely Crohn’s disease,as well as in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and/or overt gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding,after a non-diagnostic upper endoscopy(esophagogastroduodenoscopy),enables an effective,safe and comfortable way to identify patients with relevant lesions,who should undergo subsequent invasive endoscopic *** recent development of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy to evaluate the upper GI tract,is a further step towards the possibility of an entirely non-invasive assessment of all the segments of the digestive tract,from mouth-to-anus,meeting the expectations of the early developers of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Non-invasive endoscopy Panendoscopy Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy Crohn’s disease Digestive bleeding

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Taurine as a possible therapy for immunosenescence and inflammaging

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 3-5页

作者： joséM.Izquierdo Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa(CBMSO).Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC/UAM)C/Nicolás Cabrera 1Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain

In their recent Science article,Singh et *** taurine as an endogenously produced anti-inflammatory,anti-immunosenescence,and anti-aging *** authors also show that restoring taurine to its“youthful”levels prevents in... 详细信息

关键词： Taurine inflam

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Tracking the change in Spanish greenhouse gas emissions through an LMDI decomposition model:A global and sectoral approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández González María josé Presno Manuel Landajo Department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,R&D,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： LMDI Decomposition Spain GHG emissions

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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PIMENTA Joao R.FREITAS joséH.CORREIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic *** use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network ***,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological *** implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial *** the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition *** this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these ***,future developments and applications are ***,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

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Comparing Fine-Tuning, Zero and Few-Shot Strategies with Large Language Models in Hate Speech Detection in English

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2849-2868页

作者： Ronghao Pan joséAntonio García-Díaz Rafael Valencia-García Departamento de Informática y Sistemas Universidad de MurciaCampus de EspinardoMurcia30100Spain

Large Language Models(LLMs)are increasingly demonstrating their ability to understand natural language and solve complex tasks,especially through text *** of the relevant capabilities is contextual learning,which involves the ability to receive instructions in natural language or task demonstrations to generate expected outputs for test instances without the need for additional training or gradient *** recent years,the popularity of social networking has provided a medium through which some users can engage in offensive and harmful online *** this study,we investigate the ability of different LLMs,ranging from zero-shot and few-shot learning to *** experiments show that LLMs can identify sexist and hateful online texts using zero-shot and few-shot approaches through information ***,it is found that the encoder-decoder model called Zephyr achieves the best results with the fine-tuning approach,scoring 86.811%on the Explainable Detection of Online Sexism(EDOS)test-set and 57.453%on the Multilingual Detection of Hate Speech Against Immigrants and Women in Twitter(HatEval)***,it is confirmed that the evaluated models perform well in hate text detection,as they beat the best result in the HatEval task *** error analysis shows that contextual learning had difficulty distinguishing between types of hate speech and figurative ***,the fine-tuned approach tends to produce many false positives.

关键词： Hate speech detection zero-shot few-shot fine-tuning natural language processing

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Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani joséDavid Castro Sandra Carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

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Best management practices to reduce soil erosion and change water balance components in watersheds under grain and dairy production

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 121-136页

作者： Thais Palumbo Silva Danielle Bressiani Éderson Diniz Ebling joséMiguel Reichert Soil Science of Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Avenuenumber 1000CEP:97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Technological Development Center Federal University of PelotasGomes Carneiro Streetnumber 1CEP:96010-610PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Soil Federal University of Santa MariaCampus Universitário s/nCEP 97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil

Soil erosion and sedimentation are among the most serious global environmental *** and water conservation measures have been proven effective ways to reduce soil *** objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of three approaches of soil and water conservation measures(soil management,vegetative measures,and structural practices)on soil erosion and water balance of two paired agricultural watersheds located in Southern *** and sediment monitoring was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in the two small paired agricultural watersheds;called North watershed(NW)and South watershed(SW).Modeling using Soil&Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)was performed to simulate individual(nine scenarios)and combined(four scenarios)best management practices(BMPs),by including the three *** the nine individual BMP scenarios,the most effective in reducing soil erosion was crop rotation and cover crop(sediment yield,SY,reduction of 38.4 for NW,and 28.8%for SW).Among the four combined scenarios,the association of all conservation approaches was the most effective in reducing soil erosion(SY reduction of 46 for NW,and 41.5%for SW),followed by the vegetative measures scenario(SY reduction of 43.5 and 34.1%for NW and SW).All combined scenarios increased infiltration and subsurface water components,and decreased surface *** findings of this study can help farmers and policymakers choosing appropriate BMPs to reduce current soil erosion problems and promote water and soil conservation.

关键词： Agricultural hydrology Conservation measures SWAT Subtropical watersheds

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