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Long-term irritable bowel syndrome symptom control with reintroduction of selected FODMAPs

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4632-4643页

作者： Ruth M Harvie Alexandra W Chisholm jordan e bisanz Jeremy P Burton Peter Herbison Kim Schultz Michael Schultz Department of Medicine Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Department of Human Nutrition University of Otago Departments of Surgery and Microbiology&Immunology Western UniversityOntario Department of Preventative and Social Medicine University of Otago

To investigate the long-term effect of dietary education on a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms and quality of life (QoL). MeTHODSParticipants with IBS (Rome III) were randomized to two groups. Group I commenced a low FODMAP diet at baseline. At three months, group II, so far a comparator group, crossed over to a low FODMAP diet while group I started re-challenging foods. All patients completed the IBS SSS (IBS symptom severity scoring system, 0-500 points increasing with severity), IBS QoL questionnaire (0-100 increasing with QoL), a FODMAP specific food frequency questionnaire and provided a stool sample at baseline, three and six months for microbiome analysis. ReSULTSFifty participants were enrolled into group I (n = 23) or group II (n = 27). Participants in both groups were similar in baseline values but with more men in group I. There was a significantly lower IBS SSS (275.6 ± 63.6 to 128.8 ± 82.5 vs 246.8 ± 71.1 to 203.6 ± 70.1) (P eased QoL (68.5 ± 18.0 to 83 ± 13.4 vs 72.9 ± 12.8 to 73.3 ± 14.4) (P e reduced IBS SSS was sustained at 6 mo in group I (160 ± 102) and replicated in group II (124 ± 76). Fiber intake decreased on the low FODMAP diet (33 ± 17 g/d to 21 ± 8 g/d) (P er re-introducing FODMAP containing foods increased again to 27 ± 9 g/d. There was no change seen in the intestinal microbiome when participants adopted a low FODMAP diet. CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that a reduction in FODMAPs improves symptoms in IBS and this improvement can be maintained while reintroducing FODMAPs.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome FODMAP Short chain fermentable carbohydrates Microbiota Diet Microbiome

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Inflammatory bowel disease and cancer: The role of inflammation, immunosuppression, and cancer treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第20期22卷 4794-4801页

作者： jordan e Axelrad Simon Lichtiger Vijay Yajnik Department of Medicine Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical Center Department of Medicine Division of Gastro-enterology The Massachusetts General Hospital

In patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for the development of gastrointestinal malignancies. The pathogenesis of colitis-associated cancer is distinct from sporadic colorectal carcinoma and the critical molecular mechanisms underlying this process have yet to be elucidated. Patients with IBD have also been shown to be at increased risk of developing extra-intestinal malignancies. Medical therapies that diminish the mucosal inflammatory response represent the foundation of treatment in IBD, and recent evidence supports their introduction earlier in the disease course. However, therapies that alter the immune system, often used for long durations, may also promote carcinogenesis. As the population of patients with IBD grows older, with longer duration of chronic inflammation and longer exposure to immunosuppression, there is an increasing risk of cancer development. Many of these patients will require cancer treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal therapy, and surgery. Many patients will require further treatment for their IBD. This review seeks to explore the characteristics and risks of cancer in patients with IBD, and to evaluate the limited data on patients with IBD and cancer, including management of IBD after a diagnosis of cancer, the effects of cancer treatment on IBD, and the effect of IBD and medications for IBD on cancer outcomes.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Cancer Antitumor necrosis factor Immunosuppression Chemotherapy Radiation

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Thiopurines and inflammatory bowel disease: Current evidence and a historical perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10103-10117页

作者： jordan e Axelrad Abhik Roy Garrett Lawlor Burton Korelitz Simon Lichtiger Department of Medicine Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical Center Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of California Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Northwell Health Lenox Hill Hospital

The use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) has been examined in numerous prospective, controlled trials, with a majority demonstrating a clinical benefit. We conducted this review to describe the historical and current evidence in the use of thiopurines in IBD. A systematic search was performed on MeDLINe between 1965 and 2016 to identify studies on thiopurines in IBD. The most robust evidence for thiopurines in IBD includes induction of remission in combination with anti-tumor necrosis factor(antiTNF) agents, and maintenance of remission and postoperative maintenance in Crohn's disease. Less evidence exists for thiopurine monotherapy in induction of remission, maintenance of ulcerative colitis, chemoprevention of colorectal cancer, and in preventing immunogenicity to anti-TNF. evidence was often limited by trial design. Overall, thiopurines have demonstrated efficacy in a broad range of presentations of IBD. With more efficacious novel therapeutic agents, the positioning of thiopurines in the management of IBD will change and future studies will analyze the benefit of thiopurines alone and in conjunction with these new medications.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Thiopurines Mercaptopurine Azathioprine

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Neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: The need for patient-centered research

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第4期26卷 375-382页

作者： jordan M Cloyd Allan Tsung John Hays Celia e Wills John FP Bridges Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States College of Nursing The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer with high recurrence rates following surgical *** adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival,a significant proportion of patients are unable to initiate or complete all intended therapy following pancreatectomy due to postoperative complications or poor performance *** administration of chemotherapy prior to surgical resection is an alternative strategy that ensures its early and near universal delivery as well as improves margin-negative resection rates and potentially improves long-term survival *** therapy is increasingly being recommended to patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,however,patient-centered research on its use is *** this review,we highlight opportunities to focus research efforts in the domains of patient preferences,patient-reported outcomes,patient experience,and *** research in these areas may identify relevant barriers and facilitators to the use of neoadjuvant therapy thereby increasing its utilization,improve shareddecision making for patients and providers,and optimize the experience of those undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.

关键词： Preoperative therapy Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Quality of life Shared decision making Patient preferences

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Bayesian Optimization for Field-Scale Geological Carbon Storage

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engineering 2022年第11期18卷 96-104页

作者： Xueying Lu Kirk e.jordan Mary F.Wheeler edward O.Pyzer-Knapp Matthew Benatan Center for Subsurface Modeling Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and SciencesThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA IBM Research United Kingdom Warrington WA44ADUK

We present a framework that couples a high-fidelity compositional reservoir simulator with Bayesian optimization(BO)for injection well scheduling optimization in geological carbon *** work represents one of the first at tempts to apply BO and high-fidelity physics models to geological carbon *** implicit parallel accurate reservoir simulator(IPARS)is utilized to accurately capture the underlying physical processes during CO_(2)*** provides a framework for several flow and mechanics models and thus supports both stand-alone and coupled *** this work,we use the compositional flow module to simulate the geological carbon storage *** compositional flow model,which includes a hysteretic three-phase relative permeability model,accounts for three major CO_(2)trapping mechanisms:structural trapping,residual gas trapping,and solubility ***,IPARS is coupled to the International Business Machines(IBM)Corporation Bayesian Optimization Accelerator(BOA)for parallel optimizations of CO_(2)injection strategies during field-scale CO_(2)*** builds a probabilistic surrogate for the objective function using a Bayesian machine learning algorithm-the Gaussian process regression,and then uses an acquisition function that leverages the uncertainty in the surrogate to decide where to *** IBM BOA addresses the three weaknesses of standard BO that limits its scalability in that IBM BOA supports parallel(batch)executions,scales better for high-dimensional problems,and is more robust to *** demonstrate these merits by applying the algorithm in the optimization of the CO_(2)injection schedule in the Cranfield site in Mississippi,USA,using field *** optimized injection schedule achieves 16%more gas storage volume and 56%less water/surfactant usage compared with the *** performance of BO is compared with that of a genetic algorithm(GA)and a covariance matrix adaptation(CMA)-e

关键词： Compositional flow Bayesian optimization Geological carbon storage CCUS Machine learning AI for science

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Dual enzyme activated fluorescein based fluorescent probe

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2020年第1期14卷 117-121页

作者： Maria L.Odyniec jordan e.Gardiner Adam C.Sedgwick Xiao-Peng He Steven D.Bull Tony D.James Department of Chemistry University of BathBathBA27AYUK Department of Chemistry University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712-1224USA Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials&Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

A simple dual analyte fluorescein-based probe(PF3-Glc)was synthesised containingβ-glucosidase(β-glc)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)trigger *** presence ofβ-glc,resulted in fragmentation of the parent molecule releasing glucose and the slightly fluorescent mono-boronate fluorescein(PF3).Subsequently,in the presence of glucose oxidase(GOx),the released glucose was catalytically converted to D-glucono-δ-lactone,which produced H2O2 as a *** GOx-produced H2O2,resulted in classic H2O2-mediated boronate oxidation and the release of the highly emissive fluorophore,*** unique cascade reaction lead to an 80-fold increase in fluorescence intensity.

关键词： chemosensors dual-activation GOx fluorescence β-glucosidase molecular logic

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A comparison of lower limb stiffness and mechanical muscle function in ACL-reconstructed,elite,and adolescent alpine ski racers/ski cross athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 416-424页

作者： Matthew J.jordan Per Aagaard Walter Herzog Canadian Sport Institute Calgary Calgary AB T2N IN4Canada Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Muscle Research ClusterUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense DK-5230Denmark Human Performance Laboratory University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N IN4Canada Corresponding author.e-mail address： mjordan@ucalgary.ca

Purpose： The aim of this study was to compare mechanical muscle function in the eccentric/concentric phases of vertical bilateral jumping in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed （ACLR）, elite （eLITe）, and adolescent （ADOL） alpine ski racers and ski cross athletes. Methods： Alpine ski racers/ski crossers （ACLR： n = 12, age = 26.7 ± 3.8 years; eLITe： n = 12, age = 23.9 ± 3.0 years; ADOL： n = 12, age = 17.8 ± 0.7 years; females： n = 6 per group, males： n = 6 per group） performed 5 maximal countermovement jumps （CMJs） and 5 squat jumps. The ground reaction forces for each limb were analyzed using dual force plate recording to obtain body center of mass （BCM） velocity, displacement, and power. The eccentric deceleration （eCC） and concentric phases were determined from BCM velocity. CMJ net concentric and eCC impulses were calculated （body mass normalized） along with the peak and mean BCM power and maximal vertical jump height. CMJ lower limb stiffness （LLS） was determined by the slope of the ground reaction forces vs. the BCM displacement curve over the eCC phase. Concentric and eCC asymmetry indices were calculated for each leg, and the left vs. right LLS was compared. Outcome measures （reported as mean ± SD） calculated as a 5-jump mean were normalized to body mass and compared using an analysis of variance. Results： No between-group differences were found for peak and mean power or jump heights. There were no group differences for LLS or net concentric phase impulse, but the net eCC impulse was lower in the ADOL group compared with eLITe skiers （ADOL： 1.33 ± 0.32 Ns/kg; eLITe： 1.59 ± 0.16 Ns/kg; p 〈 0.05）. Although no group differences were found for eCC asymmetry indices, a group × limb interaction was found for LLS （p 〈 0.01）, which was systematically higher in the right vs. the left limb of ADOL skiers （right： 54.1 ± 17.9 N/m/kg; left： 48.7 ± 15.7 N/m/kg;p 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： ADOL skiers demonstrated decreased eCC impulse and systematic right limb dominance in

关键词： Between-limb asymmetry Injury prevention Knee injuries Muscle power Vertical jump

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effect of image registration on longitudinal analysis of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of non-human primates using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)

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eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 16-27页

作者： Shuang Liu Anjali Datta Derek Ho jordan Dwelle Daifeng Wang Thomas e Milner Henry Grady Rylander III Mia K Markey Department of Biomedical engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Imaging Physics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Present address:Clinical Neuroscience Imaging Center(CNIC) Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510USA

Background:In this paper we determined the benefits of image registration on estimating longitudinal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)***:RNFLT maps around the optic nerve head(ONH)of healthy primate eyes were measured using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)weekly for 30 *** automatic algorithm based on mutual information(MI)and the other semi-automatic algorithm based on log-polar transform cross-correlation using manually segmented blood vessels(LPCC_MSBV),were used to register retinal maps *** compared the precision and recall between manually segmented image pairs for the two algorithms using a linear mixed effects ***:We found that the precision calculated between manually segmented image pairs following registration by LPCC_MSBV algorithm is significantly better than the one following registration by MI algorithm(pend of the all-rings and temporal,superior,nasal and inferior(TSNI)quadrants average of RNFLT over time in healthy primate eyes are not affected by *** of clock hours 1,2,and 10 showed significant change over 30 weeks(p=0.0058,0.0054,and 0.0298 for clock hours 1,2 and 10 respectively)without registration,but stayed constant over time with ***:The LPCC_MSBV provides better registration of RNFLT maps recorded on different dates than the automatic MI *** of RNFLT maps can improve clinical analysis of glaucoma progression.

关键词： Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness Glaucoma Image registration

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Association between tourniquet use and intraoperative blood loss during below-knee amputation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 644-651页

作者： Alden e Wyland erik Woelber Liam H Wong jordan Arakawa Zachary M Working James Meeker School of Medicine Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND Despite over 150000 amputations of lower limbs annually,there remains a wide variation in tourniquet practice patterns and no consensus on their necessity,especially among orthopedic patient *** purpose of this study was to determine whether tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing below knee amputation(BKA) was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** To determine if tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing BKA was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing BKA by orthopedic surgeons at a tertiary care hospital from 2008 through *** loss was calculated using a combination of the Nadler equation for preoperative blood volume and a novel formula utilizing preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels and *** and forwards step-wise multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine the association between tourniquet use and blood loss.A Wilcoxon was used to determine the univariate relationship between tourniquet use and blood loss for in the restricted subgroups of patients who underwent BKA for trauma,tumor,and *** Of 97 eligible patients identified,67 underwent surgery with a tourniquet and 30 did *** multivariate regression,tourniquet use was associated with a 488 mL decrease in calculated blood loss(CI 119-857,P = 0.01).In subgroup analysis,no individual group showed a statistically significant decrease in blood loss with tourniquet *** was no significant association between tourniquet use and either postoperative transfusions or reoperation at one *** We found that tourniquet use during BKA is associated with decreased calculated intraoperative blood *** recommend that surgeons performing this procedure use a tourniquet to minimize blood loss.

关键词： Amputation Tourniquet Blood loss Hemostasis

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Interference from HONO in the measurement of ambient air NO2 via photolytic conversion and quantification of NO

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 184-193页

作者： Nicholas J.Gingerysty Charles A.Odame-Ankrah Nick jordan Hans D.Osthoff Department of Chemistry University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 1N4Canada Global Analyzer Systems Ltd. Calgary AB T2E 7L6Canada

The reference method to quantify mixing ratios of the criteria air pollutant nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)) is NO-O_(3) chemiluminescence(CL), in which mixing ratios of nitric oxide(NO) are measured by sampling ambient air directly, and mixing ratios of NO_(x)(= sum of NO and NO_(2))are measured by converting NO_(2) to NO using, for example, heated molybdenum catalyst or,more selectively, photolytic conversion(P-CL).In this work, the nitrous acid(HONO) interference in the measurement of NO_(2) by P-CL was *** with two photolytic NO2 converters are *** first used radiation centered at 395 nm, a wavelength region commonly utilized in *** second used light at 415 nm, where the overlap with the HONO absorption spectrum and hence its photolysis rate are *** ratios of NO_(2),NO_(x) and HONO entering and exiting the converters were quantified by Thermal Dissociation Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy(TD-CRDS).Both converters exhibited high NO_(2) conversion efficiency(CF_(NO2);> 90%) and partial conversion of *** of CF against flow rate were consistent with photolysis frequencies of 4.2 s^(-1) and 2.9 s^(-1) for NO_(2) and 0.25 s^(-1) and 0.10 s^(-1) for HONO at 395 nm and 415 nm, *** larger than predicted from the overlap of the emission and HONO absorption *** results imply that measurements of NO2 by P-CL marginally but systematically overestimate true NO_(2) concentrations,and that this interference should be considered in environments with high HONO:NO_(2) ratios such as the marine boundary layer or in biomass burning plumes.

关键词： Photolytic conversion of NO_(2) HONO interference

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