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Septic shock due to cytomegalovirus colitis associated with rituximab use:A case report

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 118-123页

作者： Siddharth Patel jordan Jay Prutha Pathak Mc Anto Antony Mrudula Thiriveedi Department of Internal Medicine Decatur Morgan HospitalDecaturAL 35601United States Department of Medicine Alabama College of Osteopathic MedicineDothanAL 36303United States Department of Internal Medicine North Alabama Medical CenterFlorenceAL 35630United States Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States

bACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised *** targets dysfunctional *** rituximab(RTX)therapy can cause b-lymphocyte dysfunction,increasing CMV ***,CMV infections present with critical illness such as septic *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old African American woman presented with generalized weakness and non-bloody watery diarrhea of 4-6 weeks *** did not have nausea,vomiting or,abdominal *** had been on monthly RTX infusions for neuromyelitis *** was admitted for septic shock due to *** investigations suggested pancytopenia and serology detected significantly elevated CMV *** treatment led to disease *** This case illustrates an extremely rare case of CMV colitis associated with RTX use presenting with septic *** suspicion for rare opportunistic infections is imperative in individuals with long-term RTX use.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus colitis Rituximab use Immunocompromised status Septic shock Pancytopenia Case report

Thiopurines and inflammatory bowel disease: Current evidence and a historical perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10103-10117页

作者： jordan E Axelrad Abhik Roy Garrett Lawlor burton Korelitz Simon Lichtiger Department of Medicine Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical Center Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of California Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Northwell Health Lenox Hill Hospital

The use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease(IbD) has been examined in numerous prospective, controlled trials, with a majority demonstrating a clinical benefit. We conducted this review to describe the historical and current evidence in the use of thiopurines in IbD. A systematic search was performed on MEDLINE between 1965 and 2016 to identify studies on thiopurines in IbD. The most robust evidence for thiopurines in IbD includes induction of remission in combination with anti-tumor necrosis factor(antiTNF) agents, and maintenance of remission and postoperative maintenance in Crohn's disease. Less evidence exists for thiopurine monotherapy in induction of remission, maintenance of ulcerative colitis, chemoprevention of colorectal cancer, and in preventing immunogenicity to anti-TNF. Evidence was often limited by trial design. Overall, thiopurines have demonstrated efficacy in a broad range of presentations of IbD. With more efficacious novel therapeutic agents, the positioning of thiopurines in the management of IbD will change and future studies will analyze the benefit of thiopurines alone and in conjunction with these new medications.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Thiopurines Mercaptopurine Azathioprine

（1,3;1,4）-β-D-Glucans in Cell Walls of the Poaceae, Lower Plants, and Fungi： A Tale of Two Linkages

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 873-882页

作者： Rachel A. burton Geoffrey b. Fincher The Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics School of Agriculture Food and Wine University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SA 5064Australia

（1,3;1,4）-β-D-Glucans consist of unbranched and unsubstituted chains of （1,3）- and （1,4）-β-glucosyl residues, in which the ratio of （1,4）-β-D-glucosyl residues to （1,3）-β-D-glucosyl residues appears to influence not only the physicochemical properties of the polysaccharide and therefore its functional properties in cell walls, but also its adoption by different plant species during evolution. The （1,3; 1,4）-β-D-glucans are widely distributed as non-cellulosic matrix phase polysaccharides in cell walls of the Poaceae, which evolved relatively recently and consist of the grasses and commercially important cereal species, but they are less commonly found in lower vascular plants, such as the horsetails, in algae and in fungi. The （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucans have often been considered to be components mainly of primary cell walls, but recent observations indicate that they can also be located in secondary walls of certain tissues. Enzymes involved in the depolymerisation of （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucans have been well characterized. In contrast, initial difficulties in purifying the enzymes responsible for （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucan biosynthesis slowed progress in the identification of the genes that encode （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucan synthases, but emerging comparative genomics and associated techniques have allowed at least some of the genes that contribute to （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucan synthesis in the Poaceae to be identified. Whether similar genes and enzymes also mediate （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucan biosynthesis in lower plants and fungi is not yet known. Here, we compare the different fine structures of （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucans across the plant kingdom, present current information on the genes that have been implicated recently in their biosynthesis, and consider aspects of the cell biology of （1,3;1,4）-β-D-glucan biosynthesis in the Poaceae.

关键词： Cereals chemical structure glycosidic linkage analysis Poaceae polysaccharide biosynthesis wall deposition.

A novel prognostic prediction tool for postoperative recurrence in patients with stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ colon cancer

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 466-468页

作者： Jian Ma burton b.Yang Department of Urology Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalAffiliated with Qingdao University Medical CollegeYantai 264000ShandongP.R.China Sun-nybrook Research Institute TorontoON M4N 3M5Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoON M4N 3M5Canada

Main text Colon cancer,one of the most common cancers in the world[1]and China[2,3],is typically diagnosed in its advanced ***,only a mediocre 20%-30%of these patients can have curative resection,but still,they are at high risk of recurrent disease[4].Given that recur-rent disease is especially associated with poor outcomes,optimizing the therapeutic strategy is ***-vant chemotherapy,a standard treatment for stage II/III colon cancer,is often accompanied by a significant increase in survival[5,6].Thus,timely adjuvant therapy is primordial for reducing postoperative recurrence *** assess the risk of postoperative recurrence,biomark-ers of greater prognostic essence than traditional clin-icopathology are urgently *** emerging role of circular RNAs(circRNAs),a newly discovered type of regulatory RNAs,has shed light on whether these mol-ecules can serve as biomarkers for predicting the post-operative recurrence of colon *** are characterized by a covalently closed loop that is capa-ble of regulating gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels[7].They can also bind to proteins and thereby regulate the intracellular signaling pathways[8,9].Recent reports have described the roles of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer[10-12],and increasing evidence have demonstrated that circRNAs may serve as molecular biomarkers to facili-tate diagnostic and prognostic evaluations[13].However,the potential of circRNAs for diagnosing and prognosing colon cancer is less clear.

关键词： colon postoperative patients

Long-term irritable bowel syndrome symptom control with reintroduction of selected FODMAPs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4632-4643页

作者： Ruth M Harvie Alexandra W Chisholm jordan E bisanz Jeremy P burton Peter Herbison Kim Schultz Michael Schultz Department of Medicine Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Department of Human Nutrition University of Otago Departments of Surgery and Microbiology&Immunology Western UniversityOntario Department of Preventative and Social Medicine University of Otago

To investigate the long-term effect of dietary education on a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on irritable bowel syndrome (IbS) symptoms and quality of life (QoL). METHODSParticipants with IbS (Rome III) were randomized to two groups. Group I commenced a low FODMAP diet at baseline. At three months, group II, so far a comparator group, crossed over to a low FODMAP diet while group I started re-challenging foods. All patients completed the IbS SSS (IbS symptom severity scoring system, 0-500 points increasing with severity), IbS QoL questionnaire (0-100 increasing with QoL), a FODMAP specific food frequency questionnaire and provided a stool sample at baseline, three and six months for microbiome analysis. RESULTSFifty participants were enrolled into group I (n = 23) or group II (n = 27). Participants in both groups were similar in baseline values but with more men in group I. There was a significantly lower IbS SSS (275.6 ± 63.6 to 128.8 ± 82.5 vs 246.8 ± 71.1 to 203.6 ± 70.1) (P bS SSS was sustained at 6 mo in group I (160 ± 102) and replicated in group II (124 ± 76). Fiber intake decreased on the low FODMAP diet (33 ± 17 g/d to 21 ± 8 g/d) (P biome when participants adopted a low FODMAP diet. CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that a reduction in FODMAPs improves symptoms in IbS and this improvement can be maintained while reintroducing FODMAPs.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome FODMAP Short chain fermentable carbohydrates Microbiota Diet Microbiome

Targeting circular RNAs as a therapeutic approach: current strategies and challenges

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1718-1731页

作者： Alina T.He Jinglei Liu Feiya Li burton b.Yang Sunnybrook Research Institute TorontoONCanada Department of bioinformatics ATCGene IncGuangzhouChina Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Significant progress has been made in circular RNA(circRNA)research in recent *** evidence suggests that circRNAs play important roles in many cellular processes,and their dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various *** are highly stable and usually expressed in a tissue-or cell type-specific ***,they are currently being explored as potential therapeutic ***-of-function and loss-of-function approaches are typically performed using circRNA expression plasmids and RNA interference-based strategies,*** strategies have limitations that can be mitigated using nanoparticle and exosome delivery ***,recent developments show that the cre-lox system can be used to knockdown circRNAs in a cell-specific *** still in the early stages of development,the CRISPR/Cas13 system has shown promise in knocking down circRNAs with high specificity and *** this review,we describe circRNA properties and functions and highlight their significance in *** summarize strategies that can be used to overexpress or knockdown circRNAs as a therapeutic ***,we discuss major challenges and propose future directions for the development of circRNA-based therapeutics.

关键词： therapeutic specificity circular

The interaction of versican with its binding partners

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Cell Research 2005年第7期15卷 483-494页

作者： David P. LA PIERRE,Albert J. YEE,burton b. YANG Sunnybrook & Women’s College Health Sciences Centre 2075 bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Canada Sunnybrook & Women’s College Health Sciences Centre 2075 bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 Canada Sunnybrook & Women’s College Health Sciences Centre 2075 bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Canada

Versican belongs to the family of the large aggregating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans located primarily within theextracellular matrix (ECM). Versican, like other members of its family, has unique N- and C-terminal globular regions,each with multiple motifs. A large glycosaminoglycan-binding region lies between them. This review will begin byoutlining these structures, in the context of ECM proteoglycans. The diverse binding partners afforded to versican byvirtue of its modular design will then be examined. These include ECM components, such as hyaluronan, type Icollagen, tenascin-R, fibulin-1, and -2, fibrillin-1, fibronectin, P- and L-selectins, and chemokines. Versican also binds tothe cell surface proteins CD44, integrin β1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and P-selectin glycoprotein *** multiple interactors play important roles in cell behaviour, and the roles of versican in modulating such processesare discussed.

关键词： extracellular matrix proteoglycan G3 domain glycosaminoglycan interaction.

THE EARLY INFLUENCE OF PETER LAX ON COMPUTATIONAL HYDRODYNAMICS AND AN APPLICATION OF LAX-FRIEDRICHS AND LAX-WENDROFF ON TRIANGULAR GRIDS IN LAGRANGIAN COORDINATES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第6期31卷 2195-2202页

作者： Richard Liska Mikhail Shashkov burton Wendroff Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Group XCP-4 MS-F644Los Alamos National Laboratry Group T-5 MS-B284Los Alamos National Laboratry

We give a brief discussion of some of the contributions of Peter Lax to Com- putational Fluid Dynamics. These include the Lax-Friedrichs and Lax-Wendroff numerical schemes. We also mention his collaboration in the 1983 HLL Riemann solver. We de- velop two-dimensional Lax-Friedrichs and Lax-Wendroff schemes for the Lagrangian form of the Euler equations on triangular grids. We apply a composite scheme that uses a Lax- Friedrichs time step as a dissipative filter after several Lax-Wendroff time steps. Numerical results for Noh＇s infinite strength shock problem, the Sedov blast wave problem, and the Saltzman piston problem are presented.

关键词： Lax-Friedrichs Lax-Wendroff conservation laws Lagrangian coordinates,triangular grid

Adaptive evolutionary expansion of the ribonuclease 6 in Rodentia

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 306-317页

作者： Datian LANG burton KLIM Yun GAO Xiaoping WANG Agronomy and Life Science Department Zhaotong UniversityZhaotongChina Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of ScienceKunmingChina School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of bio-resource in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of High Education in Yunnan Province Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina.

Ribonuclease 6(RNase6 or RNase K6)is a protein that belongs to a superfamily thought to be the sole vertebrate-specific enzyme known for a wide range of physiological functions,including digestion,cytotoxicity,angiogenesis,male reproduction and host *** our study,51 functional genes and 11 pseudogenes were identified from 27 Rodentia ***,in the 3 main lineages of rodents there were multiple RNase6s identified in all species of Ctenohystrica,whereas only a single RNase6 was observed in other Rodentia species examined except for 2 species in the mouse-related *** evolutionary scenario of“birth(gene duplication)and death(gene deactivation)”and gene sorting have been demonstrated in *** addition,bursts of positive selection,diversification of isoelectric point and positive net charge have been identified in Ctenohystrica,especially at two key sites that are involved in antimicrobial *** Trp30 has undergone positive selection and Ile45 has changed into other residues in Group b and Group C of the *** results demonstrated a complex and intriguing evolutionary pattern of rodent RNase6,and indicated that functional modification may have occurred,which establishes an important theoretical foundation for future functional assays in rodent RNase6.

关键词： gene duplication gene sorting pancreatic ribonuclease 6(RNase6) positive selection Rodentia