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Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy: Current status and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第21期25卷 2581-2590页

作者： Alexander Podboy joo ha hwang Linda A Nguyen Patricia Garcia Thomas A Zikos Afrin Kamal George Triadafilopoulos John O Clarke Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine

Gastroparesis, or symptomatic delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction, is a challenging and increasingly identified syndrome. Medical options are limited and the only medication approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of gastroparesis is metoclopramide, although other agents are frequently used off label. With this caveat, first-line treatments for gastroparesis include dietary modifications, antiemetics and promotility agents, although these therapies are limited by suboptimal efficacy and significant medication side effects. Treatment of patients that fail first-line treatments represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Recent advances in endoscopic techniques have led to the development of a promising novel endoscopic therapy for gastroparesis via endoscopic pyloromyotomy, also referred to as gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy or per-oral endoscopic pyloromyotomy. The aim of this article is to review the technical aspects of the per-oral endoscopic myotomy procedure for the treatment of gastroparesis, provide an overview of the currently published literature, and outline potential next directions for the field.

关键词： Gastroparesis Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy Per-oral endoscopic pyloromyotomy Myotomy Endoscopic myotomy Peroral endoscopic myotomy Gastric emptying

Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for pulsed focused ultrasound treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第9期26卷 904-917页

作者： Ezekiel Maloney Yak-Nam Wang Ravneet Vohra Helena Son Stella Whang Tatiana Khokhlova Joshua Park Kayla Gravelle Stephanie Totten joo ha hwang Donghoon Lee Department of Radiology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Applied Physics Laboratory University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Division of Gastroenterology University of WashingtonSeattle 98195WAUnited States Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States

BACKGROUND The robust fibroinflammatory stroma characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)impedes effective drug *** focused ultrasound(pFUS)can disrupt this stroma and has improved survival in an early clinical ***-invasive methods to characterize pFUS treatment effects are desirable for advancement of this promising treatment modality in larger clinical *** To identify promising,non-invasive pre-clinical imaging methods to characterize acute pFUS treatment effects for in vivo models of *** We utilized quantitative magnetic resonance imaging methods at 14 tesla in three mouse models of PDA(subcutaneous,orthotopic and transgenic-KrasLSLG12D/+,Trp53LSL-R172H/+,Cre or“KPC”)to assess immediate tumor response to pFUS treatment(VIFU 2000 Alpinion Medical Systems;475 W peak electric power,1 ms pulse duration,1 Hz,duty cycle 0.1%)vs sham therapy,and correlated our results with histochemical *** pFUS treatment parameters were previously shown to enhance tumor permeability to chemotherapeutics.T1 and T2 relaxation maps,high(126,180,234,340,549)vs low(7,47,81)b-value apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)maps,magnetization transfer ratio(MTR)maps,and chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST)maps for the amide proton spectrum(3.5 parts per million or“ppm”)and the glycosaminoglycan spectrum(0.5-1.5 ppm)were generated and analyzed pre-treatment,and immediately post-treatment,using *** were sacrificed immediately following post-treatment *** whole-tumor was selected as the region of interest for data analysis and subsequent statistical analysis.T-tests and Pearson correlation were used for statistical *** Mean high-b value ADC measurements increased significantly with pFUS treatment for all *** glycosaminoglycan CEST and T2 measurements decreased significantly post-treatment for the KPC *** MTR and amide CEST values increased significantly for the KPC *** acid focal int

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Focused ultrasound

Learning models for endoscopic ultrasonography in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5176-5182页

作者： Gwang ha Kim Sung Jo Bang joo ha hwang Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 602-739South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Ulsan University Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan 682-714South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98104United States

Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) has become a useful diagnostic and therapeutic modality in gastrointestinal ***,EUS requires additional training since it requires simultaneous endoscopic manipulation and ultrasonographic *** adequate EUS training can be challenging since EUS is highly operator-dependent and training on actual patients can be associated with an increased risk of complications including inaccurate ***,several models have been developed to help facilitate training of *** models currently available for EUS training include computer-based simulators,phantoms,ex vivo models,and live animal *** each model has its own merits and limitations,the value of these different models is rather complementary than ***,there is a lack of objective data regarding the efficacy of each model with recommendations on the use of various training models based on expert opinion ***,objective studies evaluating the efficacy of various EUS training models on technical and clinical outcomes are still needed.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasonography Training Phantom Computer simulation Animal model

Multicenter evaluation of recurrence in endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection in the colon:A Western perspective

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第6期15卷 458-468页

作者： Mike T Wei Margaret J Zhou Andrew A Li Andrew Ofosu joo ha hwang Shai Friedland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCA 94306United States Department of Gastroenterology University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45267United States

BACKGROUND While colon endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)is an effective technique,removal of larger polyps often requires piecemeal resection,which can increase recurrence *** submucosal dissection(ESD)in the colon offers the ability for en bloc resection and is well-described in Asia,but there are limited studies comparing ESD vs EMR in the *** To evaluate different techniques in endoscopic resection of large polyps in the colon and to identify factors for *** The study is a retrospective comparison of ESD,EMR and knife-assisted endoscopic resection performed at Stanford University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System between 2016 and ***-assisted endoscopic resection was defined as use of electrosurgical knife to facilitate snare resection,such as for circumferential ***≥18 years of age undergoing colonoscopy with removal of polyp(s)≥20 mm were *** primary outcome was recurrence on *** A total of 376 patients and 428 polyps were *** polyp size was greatest in the ESD group(35.8 mm),followed by knife-assisted endoscopic resection(33.3 mm)and EMR(30.5 mm)(Phad follow-up(67.1%).On follow-up analysis,recurrence rate was lowest in knife-assisted endoscopic resection(0.0%)and ESD(1.3%)and highest in EMR(12.9%)(P=0.0017).En bloc polyp resection had significantly lower rate of recurrence(1.9%)compared to non-en bloc(12.0%,P=0.003).On multivariate analysis,ESD(in comparison to EMR)adjusted for polyp size was found to significantly reduce risk of recurrence[adjusted hazard ratio 0.06(95%CI:0.01-0.57,P=0.014)].CONCLUSION In our study,EMR had significantly higher recurrence compared to ESD and knife-assisted endoscopic *** found factors including resection by ESD,en bloc removal,and use of circumferentia

关键词： Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Recurrence Colonoscopy Polypectomy

Vertical plane depth-resolved surface potential and carrier separation characteristics in flexible CZTSSe solar cells with over 12% efficiency

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 36-52页

作者： Dae-Ho Son ha Kyung Park Dae-Hwan Kim Jin-Kyu Kang Shi-joon Sung Dae-Kue hwang Jaebaek Lee Dong-Hwan Jeon Yunae Cho William Jo Taeseon Lee JunHo Kim Sang-Hoon Nam Kee-Jeong Yang Division of Energy Technology DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Research Center for Thin Film Solar Cells DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe)solar cells have resource distribution and economic *** main cause of their low efficiency is carrier loss resulting from recombination of photo-generated electron and *** overcome this,it is important to understand their electron-hole behavior *** determine the carrier separation characteristics,we measured the surface potential and the local current in terms of the absorber *** elemental variation in the intragrains(IGs)and at the grain boundaries(GBs)caused a band edge shift and bandgap(Eg)*** the absorber surface and subsurface,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure was observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** the absorber center,both upward Ec and Ev and downward Ec-upward Ev band bending structures were observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** improve the carrier separation and suppress carrier recombination,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure at the GBs is desirable.

关键词： carrier separation CZTSSe flexible solar cell local current surface potential

Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with Low Dark Current

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ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： ha, Jong-Woon Eom, Seung Hun Cha, Bo Kyung Song, Seyeong Eun, Hyeong Ju Kim, Jong H. Park, Jong Mok Kim, Bongsoo Park, Byoungwook Ko, Seo-Jin Yoon, Sung Cheol Lee, Changjin Jung, In Hwan hwang, Do-Hoon Pusan Natl Univ Chem Inst Funct Mat Dept Chem Busan 46241 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol KRICT Div Adv Energy Mat Res Ctr Daejeon 34114 South Korea Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst KERI Electromed Device Res Ctr Ansan 15588 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Grad Sch Carbon Neutral Sch Energy & Chem Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Ajou Univ Dept Mol Sci & Technol Suwon 16449 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol Res Ctr Adv Specialty Chem Ulsan 44412 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Dept Chem Ulsan 44919 South Korea hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

The development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency situations. However, this is quite challenging because of the heavy weight of the scintillator and silicon photodetectors. The weight and thickness of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing the silicon layer with an organic photodetectors. This study presents a novel bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor that exhibits excellent photodetection properties even in a thick photoactive layer (similar to 700 nm), owing to the symmetric backbone and highly soluble molecular structure of bithienopyrroledione. The ability of bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress the dark current density (J(d) similar to 10(-10) A cm(-2)) at a negative bias (-2.0 V) while maintaining high responsivity (R = 0.29 A W-1) even at a thickness of 700 nm results in a maximum shot-noise-limited specific detectivity of D-sh* = 2.18 x 10(13) Jones in the organic photodetectors. Printed organic photodetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors, which exhibit D-sh* = 2.73 x 10(12) Jones with clear rising (0.26 s) and falling (0.29 s) response times upon X-ray irradiation. Detection reliability is also proven by linear response of the X-ray detector, and the X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic photodetector printable X-ray DETECTORS PHOTOCONDUCTORS SENSITIVITY

KoNA:Korean Nucleotide Archive as A New Data Repository for Nucleotide Sequence Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 161-167页

作者： Gunhwan Ko Jae Ho Lee Young Mi Sim Wangho Song Byung-ha Yoon Iksu Byeon Bang Hyuck Lee Sang-Ok Kim Jinhyuk Choi Insoo Jang Hyerin Kim Jin Ok Yang Kiwon Jang Sora Kim Jong-Hwan Kim Jongbum Jeon Jaeeun Jung Seungwoo hwang Ji-Hwan Park Pan-Gyu Kim Seon-Young Kim Byungwook Lee Korea Bioinformation Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience&BiotechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

During the last decade,the generation and accumulation of petabase-scale high-throughput sequencing data have resulted in great challenges,including access to human data,as well as transfer,storage,and sharing of enormous amounts of *** promote data-driven biological research,the Korean government announced that all biological data generated from government-funded research projects should be deposited at the Korea BioData Station(K-BDS),which consists of multiple databases for individual data ***,we introduce the Korean Nucleotide Archive(KoNA),a repository of nucleotide sequence *** of July 2022,the Korean Read Archive in KoNA has collected over 477 TB of raw next-generation sequencing data from national genome *** ensure data quality and prepare for international alignment,a standard operating procedure was adopted,which is similar to that of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database *** standard operating procedure includes quality control processes for submitted data and metadata using an automated pipeline,followed by manual *** ensure fast and stable data transfer,a high-speed transmission system called GBox is used in ***,the data uploaded to or downloaded from KoNA through GBox can be readily processed using a cloud computing service called *** seamless coupling of KoNA,GBox,and Bio-Express enhances the data experience,including submission,access,and analysis of raw nucleotide *** not only satisfies the unmet needs for a national sequence repository in Korea but also provides datasets to researchers globally and contributes to advances in *** KoNA is available at https://***/kona/.

关键词： Korea BioData Station Nucleotide sequence Next-generation sequencing repository Genomics Deposition and access of big data

In vivo hyperthermia effect induced by high-intensity pulsed ultrasound

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第7期21卷 352-358页

作者：崔炜程屠娟 hwang joo-ha 李倩范庭波章东陈静海陈伟中 Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics MOEand Institute of AcousticsNanjing University Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound Applied Physics LaboratoryUniversity of Washington Department of Cardiology of Children's Hospital Boston Harvard Medical School

Hyperthermia effects （39-44 ℃） induced by pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound （HIFU） have been regarded as a promising therapeutic tool for boosting immune responses or enhancing drug delivery into a solid tumor. However, previous studies also reported that the cell death occurs when cells are maintained at 43 ℃ for more than 20 minutes. The aim of this study is to investigate thermal responses inside in vivo rabbit auricular veins exposed to pulsed HIFU （1.17 MHz, 5300 W/cm2, with relatively low-duty ratios （0.2%-4.3%）. The results show that：（1） with constant pulse repetition frequency （PRF）（e.g., 1 Hz）, the thermal responses inside the vessel will increase with the increasing duty ratio; （2） a temperature elevation to 43 ℃ can be identified at the duty ratio of 4.3%; （3） with constant duty ratios, the change of PRF will not significantly affect the temperature measurement in the vessel; （4） as the duty ratios lower than 4.3%, the presence of microbubbles will not significantly enhance the thermal responses in the vessel, but will facilitate HIFU-induced inertial cavitation events.

关键词： hyperthermia effects high-intensity focused ultrasound duty ratio ultrasound contrastagents

Selective catalytic NO_x reduction on Antimony promoted V_2O_5-Sb/TiO_2 catalyst

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Rare Metals 2006年第z2期25卷 84-88页

作者： ha Heon Phil CHUNG Soon Hyo OH Young joo Metal Processing Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Cheongryang Seoul 130-650 Republic of Korea

Quantum chemical calculation was carried out to choose a promoter which can reduce the poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2. Several atoms were chosen as candidates and new catalysts were synthesized by impregnation method. The NOx conversion rate was measured at temperatures between 100 and 400 ℃ and poisoning effect was investigated. The most promising candidate promoter, Se, was excluded because of its high vapor pressure. On the other hand, Sb shows best promoting properties. Sb promoted catalyst reaches the maximum NOx conversion rate at 250 ℃. It also shows considerably enhanced resistance to poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2.

关键词： De NOx selective catalytic reduction SO2 poisoning low temperature activity