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miR-21, miR-221 and miR-222 expression and prostate cancer recurrence among obese and non-obese cases

Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 226-230,I0007页

作者： Ernest K Amankwah Evelyn Anegbe Hyun park Julio Pow-Sang Ardeshir Hakam jong y park Department of Cancer Epidemiology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL 33612 USA Department of G U Oncology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL 33612 USA Department of Anatomic Pathology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL 33612 USA

Recent evidence shows that certain microRNAs （miRNAs） play a role in both obesity and prostate cancer recurrence, but the association between the expression of these miRNAs and obesity in prostate cancer recurrence is unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of the interaction between obesity and miR-21, miR-221 or miR-222 expression on prostate cancer recurrence among 28 recurrent and 37 non-recurrent prostate cancer cases, miRNA expression was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for age at diagnosis, clinical stage and Gleason score were used to estimate hazard ratios （HR） and 95% confidence intervals （95% CI） for recurrence free survival. A significantly （P=0.014） higher proportion of recurrent cases （78,6%） than non-recurrent cases （48.6%） had a low expression of miR-21 and the difference was more prominent in obese than non-obese patients. Multivariate analysis showed that the expression of miR-21 was an independent risk factor for recurrence in obese （HR=6.15, 95% CI= 1.04-36.48, P=-0.045）, but not in non-obese （HR= 1.28, 95% C1=0.30-5.49, P=0.74） cases. A significant association with recurrence was not observed for the expression of miR-221 and miR-222. In summary, our findings show that miR-21 is associated with prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy and suggest that the differential expression of miR-21 is more prominent in obese than in non-obese cases. Future larger studies are warranted to confirm these initial findings and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.

关键词： miR-21 miR-221 miR-222 miRNA obesity prostate carcinoma recurrence

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MicroRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 817-827页

作者： jong y park James Helm Domenico Coppola Donghwa Kim Mokenge Malafa Seung Joon Kim Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Moffitt Cancer Center FL 33612 United States Gastrointestinal Tumor Program Moffitt Cancer Center FL 33612 United States Department of Anatomic Pathology Moffitt Cancer Center FL 33612 United States Department of Molecular Oncology MoffittCancer Center FL 33612 United States Department of Internal Medicine Collegeof Medicine the Catholic University of Korea Seoul 137-040South Korea

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is a lethal cancer for which the only chance of long-term survival belongs to the patient with localized disease in whom a potentially curative resection can be done. Therefore, biomarkers for early detection and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. miRNAs are a recently discovered class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs of about 22 nucleotides that have gained attention for their role in downregulation of mRNA expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs regulate proteins involved in critical cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Evidence suggests that deregulated miRNA expression is involved in carcinogenesis at many sites, including the pancreas. Aberrant expression of miRNAs may upregulate the expression of oncogenes or downregulate the expression of tumor suppressor genes, as well as play a role in other mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The purpose of this review is to summarize our knowledge of deregulated miRNA expression in pancreatic cancer and discuss the implication for potential translation of this knowledge into clinical practice.

关键词： MicroRNAs Pancreatic cancer

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Upcycling plastic wastes into value-added products via electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 522-541页

作者： Sungsoon Kim Dongjae Kong Xiaolin Zheng jong Hyeok park Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern ***,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental *** recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental *** these recycling efforts,plastic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded plastics into higher-value ***,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced plastic *** or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,*** methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical *** review explores recent progress in plastic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the plastic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the plastics industry.

关键词： Plastic upcycling Electrocatalytic reaction Photoelectrocatalytic reaction Value-added product

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Induced Differentiation of Epithelioid Carcinoma Cell Lines: Evidence for Tumor Cell Quantal Mitosis

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第11期7卷 794-811页

作者： John J. Wille jong y. park Department of Cell Biology Southern Research Institute Birmingham AL USA

The effects of growth factors and calcium concentrations present in different culture media on induction of terminal differentiation were investigated for four different epidermoid carcinoma cell lines, Hela, KB, A431, and SCC-25, and their responses determined relative to those elicited by normal human keratinocytes subjected to these culture conditions. Differentiation status was determined cyto-chemically by a validated keratin protein staining method, and by autoradiographic analyses. Growth and differentiation promoting factors that influenced the direction of integrated control of growth and differentiation in normal human keratinocytes were found to be effective for some cell lines but not others. The factors examined were 1) high density arrest in serum-free and serum-containing media, 2) media shifts from high density culture in serum-containing media to low density growth factor-depleted or supplemented serum-free medium, and 3) the concentration of calcium in the media. The extent and degree of differentiation achieved varied among different cell lines depend on the presence or absence of serum, EGF and insulin protein growth factors. Certain growth media appear to sponsor keratin protein, cyto-chemically-detected differentiation, and evidence of quantal mitotic division in low density HeLa cell and SCC25 cell cultures. Epidermoid carcinoma cell lines retain limited capacity to commit to early stages of cell differentiation.

关键词： Cell Differentiation Epidermoid Carcinoma Cell Lines A431 Hela Kb SCC-25 Keratinocytes Cytochemical Staining Methods Quantal Mitosis

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Cell Cycle Arrest Mediates Global DNA Methylation Patterns in Normal Human Keratinocytes, Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells and Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第1期4卷 199-207页

作者： John J. Wille jong y. park Bioderm Technologies Inc Trenton USA Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa USA

The 5-methylationcytosine (5-MC) DNA content of murine embryonic fibroblasts arrested in G1 by four growth conditions (Gc, Gn, Gd, and Gs) were hypermethylated relative to rapidly growing (RG) fibroblasts. Normal human keratinocytes (NHK) arrested in G1 by suspension were hypermethylated relative to RG cultures. Four RG cultures of epidermoid carcinoma cells (ECC) were hypomethylated relative to RG NHK cultures, and two cultures (SCC25 and A431) were further hypomethylated by SUS-induced arrest. Linear regression analyses established a positive linear correlation between growth rate and 5-MC content for three murine fibroblasts lines, and a negative correlation for both NHK and ECC lines.

关键词： Anoikis Epitheliod Carcinoma Cells Cell Cycle DNA Methylation G1 Phase Restriction Points

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Retinoid and Ethanol-Sensitive Benzo(<i>α</i>)Pyrene Induction of Cytochrome P450 in Human Keratinocytes

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第6期3卷 1080-1085页

作者： John J. Wille jong y. park Bioderm Technologies Inc. Chesterfield USA Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa USA.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induce cytochrome P-450 monoxygenase enzymes that catalyze the formation of DNA adducts. We investigated the effects benzo(α)pyrene (B[α]P) alone or in combination with ethanol on normal human keratinocyte (NHK) growth, induction of cytochrome P-4501A1 (CyP1A1), and modulation of these treatments by retinoic acid (RA) in a serum-free culture medium. Growth-arrested confluent NHK serum-free cultures were treated with B[α]P alone or in combination with ethanol and RA. The effects on CyP1A1 enzyme activity were investigated. B[α]P treatment alone was not toxic to post-confluent cells;sub-toxic ethanol stimulated cell growth regardless B[α]P treatment. No CyP1A1 activity was detected in control or ethanol-treated NHK cell cultures. B[α]P alone induced CyP1A1 activity, and B[α]P plus ethanol treatment further enhanced B[α]P-induced CyP1A1 activity. Pretreatment with all-trans-RA (t-RA) abolished ethanol enhancement of CyP1A1 activity. There is a synergistic action of ethanol in combination with PAH on induction of P-450 cytochrome enzymes. By contrast, RA reverses ethanol enhancement implying a role for retinoid therapy in counteracting the risk posed by combined alcohol and PAH exposure on epidermal cell carcinogenesis.

关键词： CyP1A1 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase Benzo(α)Pyrene Ethanol Keratinocytes Retinoids

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Effects of Okadaic Acid, Retinoic Acid, and Phorbol Myristate Acetate Tumor Promoter on Oncogene Expression

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第6期5卷 591-604页

作者： John J. Wille jong y. park Bioderm Technologies Inc. Trenton USA Department of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa USA

The effect of okadaic acid (OA) on proto-oncogene protein expression of c-neu, c-myc, v-rasH, EGFR, and phosphotyrosine-containing phosphoproteins (P-Tyr) was investigated in rapidly growing (RG) normal human keratinocytes (NHK) and in SV-40 virally-transformed keratinocytes (SVK) cultured in a growth factor supplemented serum-free medium as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. P-Tyr positively stains cell surface antigens (cytoplasm) diffusely at monopolar sites in RG NHK cultures. OA-treatment intensifies cytoplasmic P-Tyr staining at localized monopolar intercellular focal adhesion (IFA) sites with reduced cytoplasmic staining. P-Tyr expression was predominate at IFA sites with little cytoplasmic staining in RG SVK cultures. OA-treatment increased monopolar P-Tyr staining and cytoplasmic staining. OA-treatment in RG NHK cultures intensified cytoplasmic staining of c-myc and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) expression. OA-treatment in RG NHK and SVK cultures intensified c-neu staining at monopolar IFA sites and intensified c-neu staining at both cytoplasmic and bipolar IFA sites in RG SVK cells. OA was especially cytotoxic for SVK cells. RA treatment decreased c-neu expression in RG NHK cultures while TPA treatment has a lesser effect on both cytoplasmic and IFA sites. RA treatment also decreased P-Tyr staining in both NHK and SVK cells. Again, TPA had a lesser inhibitory effect on P-Tyr staining pattern. RA-treatment had a similar effect on P-Tyr staining of RG cultures of a mouse fibroblast cell line. These results confirm the generality of OA, RA and TPA on the regulation of oncogene expression in both normal and malignantly transformed keratinocytes.

关键词： Epidermal Keratinocytes Indirect Immunofluorescence Microscopy Oncogene Protein Antibodies Okadaic Acid Phosphotyrosine Antibody Retinoic Acid SV-40 Transformed Keratinocytes TPA Tumor Promoter

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Cancer Chemopreventive Retinoids: Validation and Analysis of in Vivo and in Vitro Bioassay Results

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第13期7卷 1008-1033页

作者： John J. Wille jong y. park y. Fulmer Shealy Department of Biochemistry Southern Research Institute Birmingham AL USA Department of Cell Biology Bioplast Medical LLC Chesterfield NJ USA Department of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL USA

Several natural and synthetic retinoids (vitamin-A derived analogies) were examined for their potential anti-cancer activity in both in vivo animal models and a novel in vitro human keratinocyte clonal growth bioassay system. The natural retinoids included all-trans-retinoic (RA), 13-cis-retinoic acid, 4-oxoretinoic acid, and retinol. Among the synthetic retinoids tested were all trans N-(4-hydroxy(phenyl)retinamide, 3-substituted oxoretinoic acids, and 13 cis-N-ethylretinamide. The animal models employed were: 1) vitamin A-deficient hamster tracheal organ assay (HTOC);2) the benzo(α)pyrene-induced squamous metaplasia in a hamster tracheal organ system (BP-HTOC);3) the mouse skin tumor promoter (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase enzyme assay(ODC);4) the mouse skin papilloma (MPA) assay;and 5) a novel retinoid bioassay in which retinoids display IC50 values to inhibit clonal growth of NHK. All-trans-RA, 4-oxoretinoic acid and retinol were consistently more active than any of the synthetic derivatives in all bioassays tested. A statistical model was developed and significant positive correlations were found between: 1) ED50 values in the HTOC system and reduction in TPA-induced ODC enzyme activity;2) tumors per animal in the MPA bioassay and suppression of TPA-induced ODC activity;and 3) a positive correlation between suppression of tumors per animal in the MPA assay, and retinoid inhibition of keratinocyte clonal growth. Test retinoids, were tested for their capacity to inhibit the clonal growth of a squamous carcinoma cell line (SCC-25), which were found to be 2 - 3 logs less sensitive for each tested retinoid than the corresponding activity against NHK cells. Antineoplastic retinoid drugs were reviewed.

关键词： Cancer Chemoprevention in Vivo Bioassays in Vitro Bioassays Retinoids

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A review of understanding electrocatalytic reactions in energy conversion and energy storage systems via scanning electrochemical microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 155-177页

作者： Jihye park jong Hwan Lim Jin-Hyuk Kang Jiheon Lim Ho Won Jang Hosun Shin Sun Hwa park Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Material Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Applied Measurement Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

To address climate change and promote environmental sustainability,electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems emerge as promising alternative to fossil fuels,catering to the escalating demand for *** optimal energy efficiency and cost competitiveness in these systems requires the strategic design of electrocatalysts,coupled with a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms and degradation behavior occurring during the electrocatalysis *** electrochemical microscopy(SECM),an analytical technique for studying surface electrochemically,stands out as a powerful tool offering electrochemical *** possesses remarkable spatiotemporal resolution,enabling the visualization of the localized electrochemical activity and surface *** review compiles crucial research findings and recent breakthroughs in electrocatalytic processes utilizing the SECM methodology,specifically focusing on applications in electrolysis,fuel cells,and metal–oxygen batteries within the realm of energy conversion and storage *** with an overview of each energy system,the review introduces the fundamental principles of SECM,and aiming to provide new perspectives and broadening the scope of applied research by describing the major research categories within SECM.

关键词： Scanning electrochemical microscopy Electrocatalyst Electrocatalysis Water splitting Fuel cell Metal-oxygen battery

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Differential Anticancer Effect of an Apple Extract (Applephenon<sup>&reg</sup>), Polyphenols and Isoflavones on Normal Human Keratinocytes and Epidermoid Cancer Cells

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第6期10卷 476-493页

作者： John J. Wille Mark A. Berhow jong y. park Bioplast Medical LLC Chesterfield NJ USA ARS USDA Peoria IL USA Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL USA

Applephenon®, a purified extract prepared from green apples, was examined for its cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects on the proliferation of cultures of normal human keratinocytes and several epidermoid cancer cell lines. Our HPLC studies demonstrated a high content of phenolic compounds (>65%), including catechin, epicatechin, caffeic acid and phloretin as well as polyphenols such as proanthocyanidins. Applephenon® demonstrated a greater cytotoxic effect against HeLa, A431 cancer cell lines and HaCaT, an immortalized keratinocyte cell line than serum-free cultures of proliferating normal human keratinocytes (NHK). Proliferation of NHK was inhibited at concentrations above 0.0013% while concentrations above 0.005% were cytotoxic. By contrast, Applephenon® solutions above 0.00025% killed each of the cancer cell lines. Treated cells displayed increased intercellular separation and evidence of keratinizing stratification. We also tested the effect of epicatechin, and two isoflavonoids, genistein and daidzein, on cancer cell lines. Hela cells were more sensitive to epicatechin and genistein inhibition of cell growth and cytotoxicity than were NHK. Daidzein at these concentrations had little effect on cancer cells. These results indicate that Applephenon® and some of its phenolic components have selective anticancer activity.

关键词： ApplephenonTM (AP-SH Grade) Cytotoxicity Epicatechin Epidermal Keratinocytes Epidermoid Cancer Cell Lines (A431 HaCaT HeLa) Genistein Polyphenols

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