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A review of sources,fate,levels,toxicity,exposure and transformations of organophosphorus flame-retardants and plasticizers in the environment

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 345-366页

作者： Tlou b.Chokwe Ovokeroye A.Abafe Senzy P.Mbelu jonathan O.Okonkwo Linda L.Sibali Scientific Services Unit Capricorn District Municipality24 Thabo Mbeki StreetPolokwane0699South Africa Department of Environmental Sciences University of South AfricaChristaan de Wet RoadFlorida1709South Africa Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Agricultural Research Council100 Old Soutpan RoadOnderstepoortPretoria0110South Africa Scientific Services Rand Water2 Barrage RoadVereeniging1930South Africa Department of Water Environmental and Earth SciencesTshwane University of Technology75 Mandela DrivePretoria0001South Africa

Organophosphate esters(OPEs)are esters of phosphoric acid that are increasingly used as plasticizers and by the flame-retardants industries as replacement for the regulated polybrominated diphenyl *** most commonly classes of these pollutants are the chlorinated-and *** extent and magnitude of OPEs occurrence in the environment,combined with striking structural similarities to toxic organophosphorus pesticides has led to public concern over risk posed by these *** peer-reviewed literature published from the last decade(2010e2019),concentrations and distributions of commonly studied OPEs based on their occurrence in different matrices around the globe were evaluated and *** pollutants have a wide range of physicochemical properties such as their water solubility’s,logKow value,vapour pressure and bioconcentration factors(bCFs)which are very important factors in assessing their behaviour in different environmental *** progress in research on OPEs over the years,full understanding of the environmental behaviour and fate of these pollutants are still *** by which these pollutants enter the environment in conjunction with their concentrations together with their toxicities,estimated daily intakes,transformation products and fates are *** is envisaged that this review will heighten the importance of identifying emerging issues,data gaps and provide a future research agenda for OPEs.

关键词： Organophosphorus compounds Concentrations Sources Fate Toxicity Estimated daily intakes

Anti-onchocerca Metabolites from Cyperus articulatus:Isolation,In Vitro Activity and In Silico‘Drug-Likeness’

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Natural Products and bioprospecting 2014年第4期4卷 243-249页

作者： jonathan Alunge Metuge Smith b.babiaka James A.Mbah Fidele Ntie-Kang Godfred A.Ayimele Fidelis Cho-Ngwa ANDI Centre of Excellence Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Chemical and bioactivity Information Centre Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon

The aims of this investigation were to isolate active ingredients from the roots/rhizomes of Cyperus articulatus used as herbal medicine in Cameroon for the treatment of human onchocerciasis and to assess the efficacy of the metabolites on the Onchocerca *** antifilarial activity was evaluated in vitro on microfilariae(Mfs)and adult worms of the bovine derived Onchocerca ochengi,a close relative of Onchocerca *** was assessed in vitro on monkey kidney epithelial *** structures of the active compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods and their drug-likeness evaluated using Lipinski *** secondary metabolites,AMJ1[containing mustakone(1)as the major component]and linoleic acid or(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid(2)were *** compounds were found to kill both the microfilariae and adult worms of *** in a dose dependent *** IC50s for AMJ1 were 15.7 lg/mL for Mfs,17.4 lg/mL for adult males and 21.9 lg/mL for adult female worms while for linoleic acid the values were,15.7 lg/mL for Mfs,31.0 lg/mL for adult males and 44.2 lg/mL for adult *** present report provides the first ever evidence of the anti-Onchocerca efficacy of AMJ1 and linoleic ***,these secondary metabolites may provide a lead for design and development of new antifilarial agents.

关键词： Cyperus articulates Linoleic acid Microfilariae Mustakone Onchocerca ochengi Onchocerca volvulus

Above-ground woody biomass allocation and within tree carbon and nutrient distribution of wild cherry(Prunus avium L.)-a case study

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第2期3卷 138-152页

作者： Christopher Morhart jonathan P. Sheppard Johanna K. Schuler Heinrich Spiecker Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg Tennenbacher Str. 4 D 79106 Freiburg Germany

background： The global search for new ways to sequester carbon has already reached agricultural lands. Such land constitutes a major potential carbon sink. The production of high value timber within agroforestry systems can facilitate an in-situ carbon storage function. This is followed by a potential long term ex- situ carbon sinkwithin long lasting products such as veneer and furniture. For this purpose wild cherry （Prunus avium L.） is an interesting option for middle Europe, yielding high prices on the timber market. Methods： A total number of 39 wild cherry were sampled in 2012 and 2013 to assess the leafless above ground biomass. The complete trees including stem and branches were separated into 1 cm diameter classes. Wood and bark from sub-samples were analysed separately and nutrient content was derived. Models for biomass estimation were constructed for all tree compartments. Results： The smallest diameter classes possess the highest proportion of bark due to smaller cross sectional area. Tree boles with a greater amount of stem wood above 10 cm in diameter will have a more constant bark proportion. Total branch bark proportion also remains relatively constant above *** measurements of 8 cm. A balance is evident between the production of new branches with a low diameter and high bark proportion offset by the thickening and a relative reduction in bark proportion in larger branches. The results show that a single tree with an age of 17 and 18 years can store up to 85 kg of carbon within the aboveground biomass portion, an amount that will increase as the tree matures. branches display greater nutrient content than stem sections per volume unit which can be attributed to a greater bark proportion. Conclusions： Using the derived models the carbon and the nutrient content of above-ground woody biomass of whole trees can be calculated. Suggested values for carbon with other major and minor nutrients held within relatively immature trees strongly supports the id

关键词： Carbon sequestration biomass bark branch Stem Nutrient content AIIometry Agroforestry

Diporphyrin tweezer for multichannel spectroscopic analysis of enantiomeric excess

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 28-40页

作者： Daniel T.Payne Mandeep KChahal Vaclav brezina Whitney A.Webre Katsuhiko Ariga Francis D’Souza Jan Labuta jonathan P.Hill WPI Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials ScienceIbaraki 305-0044Japan Department of Macromolecular Physics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University18000 PragueCzech Republic Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTX 76203USA Department of Advanced Materials Science Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of TokyoChiba 277-8561Japan

Chiral 1,1’-binaphthyl-linked diporphyrin‘tweezers’(R)-1/(S)-1 and the corresponding zinc(II)complexes(R)-2/(S)-2 were prepared as chiral host molecules,and their utility for chiral analyses(especially enantiomeric excess(ee)determinations)were ***(1-n-dodecyl)porphyrins were used for the first time as the interacting *** capabilities of the diporphyrin tweezers were investigated by titrations with(R,R)-and(S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine(CHDA).The host molecules could be used as multichannel probes of ee by using UVvis,circular dichroism(CD),fluorescence emission and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1 H-NMR)*** configurations could also be differentiated using CD or 1HNMR *** three optical techniques give good resolution of ee with reasonable sensitivity considering the low concentrations used(ca.10^-6 mol·L^-1).The ee determination of CHDA enantiomers using NMR spectroscopy is also possible because of the reasonably well separated resonances in the case of(R,R)-and(S,S)-***-metallated(R)-1/(S)-1 hosts could not be used to detect chiral information in a strongly acidic chiral *** work demonstrates the utility of 1,1’-binapthyllinked chiral hosts for chiral analysis of ditopically interacting enantiomers.

关键词： porphyrin dimer chirality enantiomeric excess CD fluorescence

Familiarity with a female does not affect a male＇s courtship intensity in garter snakes Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis

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Current Zoology 2012年第6期58卷 805-811页

作者： Richard SHINE jonathan K. WEbb Amanda LANE Robert T. MASON School of biological Sciences A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Department of Zoology Oregon State University Cordley Hall 3029 Corvallis Oregon 97331-2914 USA

Abstract In many animal species, males direct more intense courtship towards females they have not previously encountered, than towards females with which they have previously mated. To test the factors responsible for this ＂Coolidge Effect＂, we need studies on a wide range of taxa - including those with mating systems in which we would not expect （based on current theory） that such an effect would be evident. The Coolidge Effect has been documented in several lizard species, but has not been looked for （and would not be expected） in snakes. We conducted experimental trials with red-sided garter snakes Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis at a communal den in Manitoba, to see whether previous exposure to a female （either courting, or courting plus mating） modified male mate choice or courtship intensity. In keeping with prediction from theory （but contrary to an early anecdotal report）, male garter snakes did not modify their courtship behaviour based upon their familiarity （or lack thereof） with a specific female. At least in large courting aggregations, male snakes may maximize their fitness by basing mate-choice upon immediate attributes of the female （body size, condition, mated status） and the intensity of competition （numbers and sizes of rival males） rather than information derived from previous sexual encounters .

关键词： Coolidge Effect Courtship Mate choice Mating system Reptile

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华南二叠系卡匹敦阶高分辨率浮点年代标尺

地球物理学报 2015年第10期58卷 3719-3734页

作者：薛武强李波颜佳新 brooks b.Ellwood jonathan H.Tomkin 王艳朱宗敏中国地质大学(武汉) 地球科学学院生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室武汉430074 国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室广州海洋地质调查局广州510075 Department of Geology and Geophysics Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA School of Earth Society and Environment University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA 广东省有色地质勘查院广州510080

基于详细的生物地层学研究,以磁化率为古气候替代指标,对广西来宾铁桥剖面卡匹敦阶地层开展时间序列分析,建立高分辨率浮点年代标尺（FPTS）.结果表明,磁化率记录了铁桥剖面中二叠世晚期沉积序列中的米兰科维奇旋回,卡匹敦阶上部磁化率... 详细信息

基于详细的生物地层学研究,以磁化率为古气候替代指标,对广西来宾铁桥剖面卡匹敦阶地层开展时间序列分析,建立高分辨率浮点年代标尺（FPTS）.结果表明,磁化率记录了铁桥剖面中二叠世晚期沉积序列中的米兰科维奇旋回,卡匹敦阶上部磁化率突然增加与峨眉山玄武岩喷发和卡匹敦晚期全球性海退有关,这些事件导致同期沉积物中碎屑物质增加.铁桥剖面瓜德鲁普—乐平统界线附近磁化率和蓬莱滩剖面（乐平统底界GSSP）表现出一致的变化趋势,具可对比性.利用多窗谱法（MTM）和傅里叶变换（FT）从磁化率序列中识别出五个米兰科维奇周期：长偏心率周期（E2,405ka）、短偏心率周期（E1,100ka）、长地轴斜率周期（O2,44.1ka）、长岁差周期（P2,20.95ka）和短岁差周期（P1,17.7ka）.对比基于E2周期建立的磁性地层磁化率（MSS）带和标准参考带（SRZ）,建立整个沉积序列的高分辨率（200ka）FPTS,提出卡匹敦阶的时限为3.85 Ma（存在＋0～0.28 Ma误差）,整段沉积序列的平均沉积速率为2.91cm·ka^-1.同时计算出卡匹敦阶内部七个牙形石带的时限,从最短26.6ka到最长2.3 Ma.另外,估算出峨眉山大火成岩省喷发启动时间为262.67 Ma,位于瓜德鲁普—乐平统界线之下1.42 Ma.

关键词：磁化率牙形石时间序列分析卡匹敦阶峨眉山大火成岩省浮点年代标尺

Adoptive transfer of IL-10^(+) regulatory b cells decreases myeloid-derived macrophages in the central nervous system in a transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第7期15卷 727-730页

作者： Andrea Pennati Seneshaw Asress jonathan D Glass Jacques Galipeau Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer CenterMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Neurology Emory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA

I mmunosuppressive therapies have meaningful effects on the treatment of multiple sclerosis(MS),a classical inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system.1 In mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),a murine model of human MS,we showed that an adoptive transfer of GM-CSF and Interleukin-15 Fusion Transgene(GIFT15)-derived regulatory b cells(GIFT15 bregs)sustained a durable remission of the disease.2,3 These regulatory b cells require the expression of MHC class II and IL-10 for suppressive activity.

关键词： sustained sclerosis autoimmune

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Fingerprint Liveness Detection from Different Fingerprint Materials Using Convolutional Neural Network and Principal Component Analysis

作者： (美)jonathan b. Waugh[等]

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2017年第4期53卷 357-372页

作者： Chengsheng Yuan Xinting Li Q.M.jonathan Wu Jin Li Xingming Sun School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNing Liu RoadNo.219NanjingChina210044 Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Ning Liu RoadNo.219NanjingChina210044 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor401 Sunset AvenueWindsorONCanada N9B 3P4 School of Computer Science Guangzhou UniversityYudongxi Road 36Tianhe DistrictGuangzhouChina510500

Fingerprint-spoofing attack often occurs when imposters gain access illegally by using artificial fingerprints,which are made of common fingerprint materials,such as silicon,latex,***,to protect our privacy,many fingerprint liveness detection methods are put forward to discriminate fake or true *** work on liveness detection for fingerprint images is focused on the construction of complex handcrafted features,but these methods normally destroy or lose spatial information between *** from existing methods,convolutional neural network(CNN)can generate high-level semantic representations by learning and concatenating low-level edge and shape features from a large amount of labeled ***,CNN is explored to solve the above problem and discriminate true fingerprints from fake ones in this *** reduce the redundant information and extract the most distinct features,ROI and PCA operations are performed for learned features of convolutional layer or pooling *** that,the extracted features are fed into SVM *** results based on the LivDet(2013)and the LivDet(2011)datasets,which are captured by using different fingerprint materials,indicate that the classification performance of our proposed method is both efficient and convenient compared with the other previous methods.

关键词： Fingerprint liveness detection CNNs PCA SVM ROI LivDet 2013 LivDet 2011