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mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the digestive system:A mini-review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第19期28卷 2076-2087页

作者： Deepak Toor jonathan m Loree Zu-Hua Gao Gang Wang Chen Zhou Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine BC CancerVancouver V5Z 1H5Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z 1H5Canada Department of medicine BC CancerVancouver V5Z 4E6Canada

mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms(miNENs)are rare mixed tumors containing both neuroendocrine(NE)and non-NE *** component must occupy at least 30%of the tumor volume by *** molecular evidence suggests miNENs are clonal neoplasms and potentially harbor targetable mutations similar to conventional *** have been multiple changes in the nomenclature and classification of miNENs which has created some confusion among pathologists on how to integrate the contributions of each component in a miNEN,an issue which in turn has resulted in confusion in communication with front-line treating *** mini review summarizes our current understanding of miNENs and outline diagnosis,prognosis,and management of these *** authors emphasize the importance of treating the most aggressive component of the tumor regardless of its percentage volume.

关键词： mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms mixed adenoneuorendocrine carcinoma mixed neuroendocrine neoplasms Neuroendocrine Non-neuroendocrine

Complementary and alternative medications in hepatitis C infection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第1期6卷 9-16页

作者： Dina L Halegoua-De marzio jonathan m Fenkel Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

Chronic hepatitis C(CHC) infection affects almost 3% of the global population and can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in a significant number of those infected. Until recently, the only treatments available were pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which traditionally were not very effective and have considerable side effects. For this reason, interest in complementary and alternative medications(CAm) in the management of hepatitis C has been investigated. Some CAm has demonstrated therapeutic potential in chronic hepatitis C treatment. Unfortunately, some CAm has been shown to have the potential to cause drug-induced liver injury. This article will review and evaluate many of the natural molecules that interact with the hepatitis C virus(HCV) life cycle and discuss their potential use and safety in HCV therapy, as well as highlight some important interactions between medical and complementary treatments.

关键词： Hepatitis C infection Natural molecules Direct acting antivirals Hepatotoxicity Herbal treatments

Bandpass transmission spectra of a whisperinggallery microcavity coupled to an ultrathin fiber

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Photonics Research 2017年第4期5卷 362-366页

作者： FUCHUAN LEI RAFINO m.J.mURPHY jonathan m.WARD YONG YANG SíLE NIC CHORmAIC Light-matter Interactions Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University

Tapered fibers with diameters ranging from 1 to 4 μm are widely used to excite the whispering-gallery(WG)modes of microcavities. Typically, the transmission spectrum of a WG cavity coupled to a waveguide around a resonance assumes a Lorentzian dip morphology due to resonant absorption of the light within the cavity. In this paper, we demonstrate that the transmission spectra of a WG cavity coupled with an ultrathin fiber(500–700 nm)may exhibit both Lorentzian dips and peaks, depending on the gap between the fiber and the microcavity. By considering the large scattering loss of off-resonant light from the fiber within the coupling region, this phenomenon can be attributed to partially resonant light bypassing the lossy scattering region via WG modes, allowing it to be coupled both to and from the cavity, then manifesting as Lorentzian peaks within the transmission *** implies the system could be implemented within a bandpass filter framework.

关键词： WG Bandpass transmission spectra of a whisperinggallery microcavity coupled to an ultrathin fiber mode

mind the “Gap”: A Comparison of the Weekly Training Loads of English Premier League Academy Soccer Players in Under 23, Under 18 and Under 16 Age-Groups

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第1期5卷 34-43页

作者： jonathan m.Taylor jonathan L.madden Frances Hunter Ben J.Thorne Shaun J.mcLaren School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK Leeds United Football Club LeedsUK middlesbrough Football Club MiddlesbroughUK Hintsa Performance LondonUK Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

Purpose The transition into full-time training represents a key period in the development of young soccer *** we compared the weekly training loads(matches,field-,and resistance-training)of English Premier-League Academy soccer players from under-16(U16),under-18(U18)and under-23(U23)age-groups during a training *** Forty players(U16 n=13,U18 n=15 and U23 n=12)were monitored using global navigation satellite systems and differential ratings of perceived exertion(dRPE).External load metrics were total distance,high-speed running distance,[absolute:≥19.8 km/h,relative:≥87%of 30-15 final-velocity(vIFT)],sprint distance(absolute:≥25.2 km/h,relative:≥80%maximal sprint speed),and dynamic stress *** load metrics were dRPE training *** Other than relative sprint distance,overall weekly external training loads were substantially greater for U18s and U23s when compared with U16s[effect size range:1.09-1.99(moderate to large);±90%confidence limits~0.45].When compared with U16s,overall internal loads were substantially greater for U18s[0.69-0.95(moderate);±~0.40],but not *** in weekly training loads between U18s and U23s were *** Substantial differences in training loads between elite U16 players and their older counterparts,indicates the need for planned increases in training loads in anticipation of the transition into full-time training.

关键词： Team-sports RPE LTAD Individualised training Training load

Characterization of coal using electron spin resonance： implications for the formation of inertinite macerals in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 385-398页

作者： Ofentse m. moroeng jonathan m. Keartland R. James Roberts Nicola J. Wagner Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O. Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Department of Geology University of Pretoria Mineral Sciences Building Pretoria 0002 South Africa School of Physics and materials Physics Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

Coal contains a significant concentration of free radicals as a result of the coalification process. One of the experimental methods sensitive to the presence of radicals is electron spin resonance （ESR）, and differences in ESR spectra for different macerals may provide insight into coal-forming processes. In this study, ESR data along with the H/C atomic ratio （to infer the aromatic fraction） are used to characterize coal samples with the aim of assessing a fire-origin for dominant inertinite macerals. A medium rank C bituminous Witbank No. 4 Seam Upper coal （the parent） was density- fractionated to create vitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich samples. The parent sample consists of 42 vol% vitrinite and 49 vol% inertinite. The density-fractionated samples comprise of 81 vol% total vitrinite （dominated by collotelinite and collodetrinite）, and 63 vol% total inertinite （dominated by fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite）. The H/C ratio is 0.74 for the inertinite-rich sample, and 0.85 for the vitrinite-rich counterpart, suggesting the former sample is more aromatic. The ESR spectra obtained for the three samples were found to fit best using a Lorentzian distribution. The fit is noticeably better for the aromatic inertinite-rich sample, for which the spectrum is symmetric. This is attributed to pronounced electron mobility and exchange interactions. The higher radical content of the inertinite-rich and parent samples is attributed to the presence of specific inertinite macerals, namely： fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite. And, owing to the greater radical content of the inertinite-rich sample, the dominant inertinite macerals are interpreted to have formed through charring of plant matter.

关键词： main Karoo Basin Radical contents Origin pathways Charring Fusinite Semifusinite

Aerosol microphysical and Radiative Effects on Continental Cloud Ensembles

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第2期35卷 234-247页

作者： Yuan WANG jonathan m. VOGEL Yun LIN Bowen PAN Jiaxi HU Yangang LIU Xiquan DONG jonathan H. JIANG Yuk L. YUNG Renyi ZHANG Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91106 USA Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77840 USA Environmental & Climate Sciences Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 USA Department of Atmo wheric and Oceanic Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec QC H3A OG4 Canada

Aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions represent one of the largest uncertainties in the current climate assessment. much of the complexity arises from the non-monotonic responses of clouds, precipitation and radiative fluxes to aerosol perturbations under various meteorological conditions. In this study, an aerosol-aware WRF model is used to investigate the microphysical and radiative effects of aerosols in three weather systems during the march 2000 Cloud Intensive Observational Period campaign at the US Southern Great Plains. Three simulated cloud ensembles include a low-pressure deep convective cloud system, a collection of less-precipitating stratus and shallow cumulus, and a cold frontal passage. The WRF simulations are evaluated by several ground-based measurements. The microphysical properties of cloud hydrometeors, such as their mass and number concentrations, generally show monotonic trends as a function of cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. Aerosol radiative effects do not influence the trends of cloud microphysics, except for the stratus and shallow cumulus cases where aerosol semi-direct effects are identified. The precipitation changes by aerosols vary with the cloud types and their evolving stages, with a prominent aerosol invigoration effect and associated enhanced precipitation from the convective sources. The simulated aerosol direct effect suppresses precipitation in all three cases but does not overturn the aerosol indirect effect. Cloud fraction exhibits much smaller sensitivity （typically less than 2%） to aerosol perturbations, and the responses vary with aerosol concentrations and cloud regimes. The surface shortwave radiation shows a monotonic decrease by increasing aerosols, while the magnitude of the decrease depends on the cloud type.

关键词： aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions cloud-resolving model cloud microphysics and macrophysics precipita-tion

Adiponectin signalling in bone homeostasis,with age and in disease

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Bone Research 2021年第1期9卷 15-25页

作者： jonathan W.Lewis James R.Edwards Amy J.Naylor Helen m.mcGettrick Rheumatology Research Group Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Ageing&Regeneration Research Group Botnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37LDUK

Adiponectin is the most abundant circulating adipokine and is primarily involved in glucose metabolism and insulin *** the bone,osteoblasts and osteoclasts express the adiponectin receptors,however,there are conflicting reports on the effects of adiponectin on bone formation and *** studies have shown a pro-osteogenic role for adiponectin in in vivo murine models and in vitro:with increased osteoblast differentiation and activity,alongside lower levels of ***,human studies often demonstrate an inverse relationship between adiponectin concentration and bone ***,the presence of multiple isoforms of adiponectin and multiple receptor subtypes has the potential to lead to more complex signalling and functional *** such,we still do not fully understand the importance of the adiponectin signalling pathway in regulating bone homeostasis and repair in health,with age and in *** this review,we explore our current understanding of adiponectin bioactivity in the bone;the significance of its different isoforms;and how adiponectin biology is altered in ***,furthering our understanding of adiponectin regulation of bone biology is key to developing pharmacological and non-pharmacological(lifestyle)interventions that target adiponectin signalling to boost bone growth and repair in healthy ageing,following injury or in disease.

关键词： homeostasis metabolism consequences

Enduring legacy of coal mining on the fungal community in a High Arctic soil after five decades

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 698-706页

作者： Dorsaf KERFAHI Kevin K.NEWSHAm Ke DONG Hokyung SONG mark TIBBETT jonathan m.ADAmS School of Natural Sciences Department of Biological SciencesKeimyung UniversityDaegu 42601(Republic of Korea) NERC British Antarctic Survey Madingley RoadCambridge CB3 OET(UK) Department of Life Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si 16227(Republic of Korea) School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of ManchesterManchester M139PL(UK) Department of Sustainable Land management&Soil Research Center School of AgriculturePolicy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingReading RG66AR(UK) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008(China)

mineral extraction is known to affect soil fungi in polar environments,but it is unknown how long these effects ***,by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer regions of rRNA genes in soil fungi,we compared soil fungal community in intact natural tundra with that in a nearby former coal mining area,abandoned 52 years previously,on Svalbard in the High *** with those in intact tundra,soils in the former mining area were more acidic and had lower plant *** of similar diversity in the two areas,the fungal community was dominated by Basidiomycota in the intact tundra,but by Ascomycota in the former mining *** genera formed a major part of the tundra community,but were notably less abundant in the mining *** principal variation among samples was soil ***,network connectivity analysis indicated that the fungal community in the former mining area had greater network connectivity than that in the tundra ***,the ecosystem in the former mining area has made only limited recovery towards the natural tundra state even after more than five *** is unclear whether the recovery of the fungal community is limited more by the low primary productivity,slow migration of fungi and plants,or slow changes in soil *** findings emphasize the susceptibility of polar ecosystems to disturbance,given their particularly slow recovery back towards the natural state.

关键词： abandoned mining site ectomycorrhizal fungi intact tundra mine tailings mineral extraction polar ecosystem recovery

Retinal vein occlusion associated with combined hormonal contraceptive vaginal ring use

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第5期11卷 891-892页

作者： Albert S.Li jonathan Naysan Ronni m.Lieberman Department of Ophthalmology Hofstra Northwell School of MedicineNorthwell Health Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Washington University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Queens Hospital Center

Dear Editor,We read with interest your recent article on the impact of combined oral contraceptives on ocular *** report a case of a branch retinal vein occlusion（BRVO）associated with use of an etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring（NuvaR ing）,an implantable combined hormonal contraceptive,in a young healthy female with no other identifiable risk factors.

关键词： Retinal vein occlusion hormonal contraceptive vaginal ring use