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Big DNA as a tool to dissect an age-related macular degeneration-associated haplotype

Precision Clinical medicine 2019年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： jon m.laurent Xin Fu Sergei German matthew T.maurano Kang Zhang Jef D.Boeke Institute for Systems Genetics Department of Biochemistry and molecular Pathology Department of Pathology NYU Langone Health Shiley Eye Institute UCSD School of Medicine

Age-related macular Degeneration(AmD)is a leading cause of blindness in the developed world,especially in aging populations,and is therefore an important target for new therapeutic ***,there have been several studies demonstrating strong associations between AmD and sites of heritable genetic variation at multiple loci,including a highly significant association at *** 10q26 risk region contains two genes,HTRA1 and ARmS2,both of which have been separately implicated as causative for the disease,as well as dozens of sites of non-coding *** date,no studies have successfully pinpointed which of these variant sites are functional in AmD,nor definitively identified which genes in the region are targets of such regulatory *** order to efficiently decipher which sites are functional in AmD phenotypes,we describe a general framework for combinatorial assembly of large‘synthetic haplotypes’along with delivery to relevant disease cell types for downstream functional *** demonstrate the successful and highly efficient assembly of a first-draft 119kb wild-type‘assemblon’covering the HTRA1/ARmS2 risk *** further propose the parallelized assembly of a library of combinatorial variant synthetic haplotypes covering the region,delivery and analysis of which will identify functional sites and their effects,leading to an improved understanding of AmD *** anticipate that the methodology proposed here is highly generalizable towards the difficult problem of identifying truly functional variants from those discovered via GWAS or other genetic association studies.

关键词： CRISPR gene editing synthetic biology age related macular degeneration HTRA1

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Flexible synthesis of high-purity plasmonic assemblies

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Nano Research 2021年第3期14卷 635-645页

作者： laurent Lermusiaux Anum Nisar Alison m.Funston ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science and School of Chemistry Monash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia

The self-assembly of nanoparticles has attracted a vast amount of attention due to the ability of the nanostructure to control light at the sub-wavelength scale,along with consequent strong electromagnetic field ***,most approaches developed for the formation of discrete assemblies are limited to a single and homogeneous system,and incorporation of larger or asymmetrical nanoparticles into assemblies with high purity remains a key ***,a simple and versatile approach to assemble nanoparticles of different sizes,shapes,and materials into various discrete homo-or hetero-structures using only two complementary deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)strands is ***,surface functionalisation using DNA and alkyl-polyethylene glycol(PEG)enables transformation of as-synthesised nanoparticles into readily usable plasmonic building blocks for *** of the DNA coverage enables the production of different assembly types,such as homo-and hetero-dimers,trimers and tetramers and core-satellite structures,which are produced in high purity using electrophoresis *** approach is extended from purely plasmonic structures to incorporate(luminescent)semiconductor nanoparticles for formation of hybrid *** deposited assemblies form a high yield of specific geometrical arrangements,attributed to the van der Waals attraction between *** method will enable the development of new complex colloidal nanoassemblies for biological and optical applications.

关键词： deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)self-assembly electrophoretic purification nanoparticle assemblies colloidal stability

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Nanoscale electropolishing of high-purity nickel with an ionic liquid

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2019年第5期26卷 649-656页

作者： jon Derek Loftis Tarek m.Abdel-Fattah Applied Research Center at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and Department of molecular Biology and Chemistry at Christopher Newport University Department of Physical Sciences Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and Mary Faculty of Sciences Alexandria University

High purity(>99.9% composition) nickel metal specimens were used in electropolishing treatments with an acid-free ionic liquid electrolyte prepared from quaternary ammonium salts as a green polishing solution. Voltammetry and chronoamperometry tests were conducted to determine the optimum conditions for electrochemical polishing. Atomic force microscopy(AFm) revealed nanoscale effectiveness of each polishing treatment. Atomic force microscopy provided an overall observation of the material interface between the treated and unpolished regions. Surface morphology comparisons summarized electrochemical polishing efficiency by providing root-mean-square roughness averages before and after electrochemical polishing to reveal a mirror finish six times smoother than the same nickel metal surface prior to electropolishing. This transition manifested in a marked change in root-mean-squared roughness from 112.58 nm to 18.64 nm and producing a smooth mirror finish. Finally, the mechanism of the ionic liquid during electropolishing revealed decomposition of choline in the form of a transient choline radical by acceptance of an electron from the nickel-working electrode to decompose to trimethylamine and ethanol.

关键词： electrochemical polishing ionic liquid Ni 2EG:1VB4

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The diagnostic and prognostic value of systems biology research in major traumatic and thermal injury: a review

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 169-179页

作者： jon Hazeldine Peter Hampson Janet m.Lord NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and microbiology Research Centre Institute of Inflammation and AgeingBirmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B152TTUK NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and microbiology Research Centre Institute of Inflammation and AgeingBirmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B152TTUK Healing Foundation Centre for Burns Research Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham B152WBUK

As secondary complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality amongst hospitalised trauma patients,the need to develop novel approaches by which to identify patients at risk of adverse outcome is becoming increasingly *** on the idea that patients who experience"poor"outcome post trauma elicit a response to injury that is distinct from those who experience"good"outcome,tailored therapeutics is an emerging concept aimed at improving current treatment regimens by promoting patient-specific *** use of recent advancements in the fields of genomics,proteomics and metabolomics,numerous groups have undertaken a systems-based approach to analysing the acute immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury in an attempt to uncover a single or combination of biomarkers that can identify patients at risk of adverse *** results are encouraging,with all three approaches capable of discriminating patients with"good"outcome from those who develop nosocomial infections,sepsis and multiple organ failure,with differences apparent in blood samples acquired as early as 2 h post *** particular,genomic data is proving to be highly informative,identifying patients at risk of"poor"outcome with a higher degree of sensitivity and specificity than statistical models built upon data obtained from existing anatomical and physiological scoring ***,focussing predominantly upon human-based research,we provide an overview of the findings of studies that have investigated the immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury at the genomic,protein and metabolite level,and consider both the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these approaches.

关键词： Burns Cytokines Genomics Inflammation mortality Sepsis Trauma

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“Smart”nanomaterials for cancer therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第11期53卷 2241-2249页

作者： LE GUYADER laurent Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology

Recent development in nanotechnology has provided new tools for cancer therapy and *** of their small size,nanoscale devices readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and inside the ***,such as fullerenes and their derivatives,are effective in terms of interactions with the immune system and have great potential as anticancer ***,other nanomaterials are able to load active drugs to cancer cells by selectively using the unique tumor environment,such as their enhanced permeability,retention effect and the specific acidic *** and multiplexed nanoparticles,as the next generation of nanoparticles,are now being extensively investigated and are promising tools to achieve personalized and tailored cancer treatments.

关键词： nanotechnology nanomaterials nanocarrier cancer therapy drug delivery passive target active target

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Characterization of a 3-Phase a.c. Free Burning Arc Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第2期8卷 156-163页

作者：夏维东 laurent FULCHERI Jose GONZALEZ-AGUILAR 李辉 Thomas m. GRUENBERGER University of Science" and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China. Centre for Energy Studies Ecole des Mines de Paris Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China.

A 3-phase a.c. arc plasma reactor with large volume plasma has been developed for the synthesis of new carbon nano-structures. One of the main characteristics of the plasma system is related to the absence of a fixed neutral point. This gives rise to a rich and complex phenomenology related to instabilities and arc motion since the arcs are ＂burning＂ freely in the gas flow between the three electrodes. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the behavior of such a system under typical conditions using argon and nitrogen as plasma gases. A classification of are configuration, arc commutating, arc interaction, arc motion and arc instabilities are discussed based on ultra high-speed cine camera analysis. A simple model describing the time evolution of the system is also presented and compared with the experimental measurements. The results show that an adequate control could allow the improvement of the overall system.

关键词： 3-phase AC arc plasma free arc arc motion arc commutating arc instabilities

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The potential drivers in forming avian biodiversity hotspots in the East Himalaya mountains of Southwest China

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第2期10卷 171-181页

作者： Fumin LEI Yanhua QU Gang SONG Per ALSTRÖm jon FJELDSÅ Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Swedish Species Information Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden Centre of macroecology Evolution and ClimateZoological MuseumUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Little has been published to describe or interpret Asian biodiversity hotspots,including those in the East Himalayan mountains of Southwest China(HmSC),thus making necessary a review of the current *** Pliocene and Pleistocene geological and glacial histories of the Asian continent differ from those of Europe and North America,suggesting different mechanisms of speciation and extinction,and,thus,different responses to climate changes during the Quaternary *** short review summarizes potential drivers in shaping and maintaining high species richness and endemism of birds in the *** geographical location at the junction of different biogeographical realms,the wide range of habitats and climates along the extensive elevational range,the complex topography and the distinct geological history of this region have probably contributed to the evolution of an exceptionally species-rich and endemic-rich,specialized montane avian *** mountain systems in the HmSC may have provided refugia where species survived during the glacial periods and barriers for preventing species dispersal after the glacial *** studies are required to further test this refugia hypothesis by comparing more cold-tolerent and warm-tolerent species.

关键词： biodiversity hotspots East Himalayan mountains of Southwest China phylogeographical divergence Pleistocene glaciations species richness and endemism

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Varieties for Cohomology with Twisted Coefficients

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 1999年第1期15卷 81-92页

作者： jon F.Carlson Department of mathemtics University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602 USA

Let G be a finite group and k a field of characteristic p>*** this paper we consider the support variety for the cohomology module ExtkG*（m,N） where m and N are *** is the subvariety of the maximal ideal spectrum of H*（G,k） of the annihilator of the cohomology module. For modules in the principal block we show that that the variety is contained in the intersections of the varieties of m and N and the difference between the that intersection and the support variety of the cohomology module is contained in the group theoretic *** other blocks a new nucleus is defined and a similar theorem is *** in the case of modules in a nonprincipal block several new difficulties are highlighted by some examples.

关键词： Group Cohomology Support varieties Cohomological varieties Annihilators of cohomology

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Control of APN/CD13 and NEP/CD10 on sperm motility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第6期12卷 899-902页

作者： Nerea Subiran Francisco m. Pinto Ekaitz Agirregoitia Luz Candenas jon Irazusta Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of the Basque Country Leioa Bizkaia 48940 Spain Chemical Research Institute - CSiC University of Seville Seville 41092 Spain

Aminopeptidase N （APN/CD13） and neutral endopeptidase （NEP/CD10） are enzymes present in human sperm cells and involved in regulation of sperm motility of noncapacitated spermatozoa. We investigated the involvement of APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 in motility and in kinematic parameters of human capacitated spermatozoa. Sperm cells isolated by a discontinuous Percoll gradient （40%-80%） followed up by swim-up techniques were incubated with the APN/CD 13 -specific inhibitor, leuhistin （100 μmol L^-1）, and the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor, thiorphan （1 μmol L^-1）. The complete inhibition of both APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 improved sperm motility. Spermatozoa incubated with the APN/CD13-specific inhibitor lenhistin showed asymmetrical trajectories, whereas sperm trajectories were more regular after treatment with the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor thiorphan. In conclusion, APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 modulate the motility of capacitated spermatozoa, although each of the enzymes seems to participate in the control of different aspects of sperm motility. Therefore, both inhibitors may be useful for sperm activation at different functional stages of spermatozoa.

关键词： APN/CD13 human hypcractivation kinematic motility NEP/CD10 sperm

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Dissipation of chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, and thiophanate-methyl pesticides in compost based-versus peat-moss based-biomixture of biobeds

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第4期5卷 461-470页

作者： Talaat N.m.El-Sebai Wafaa m.H.Zidan Alaa marzouk marion Divers Fabrice martin-laurent Agricultural microbiology Dept.Agricultural and Biology Research Institute National Research CentreCairoEgypt Laboratory of Pesticide Analysis Agriculture Research CentreCairoEgypt Laboratory of Soil microbiology National Institute of Agricultural ResearchDijonFrance

Biobed is a smart bioremediation system used to treat point-source pesticide *** is the main component of biobeds,and pesticide dissipation is affected by its *** study aimed to compare the effectiveness of compost-based(C)versus peat-moss-based(P)biomixtures of biobeds on tested pesticide *** concentrations(25,50,and 75 mg/kg)of chlorpyrifos,pendimethalin,and thiophanate methyl were added separately and as a mix to both biomixtures C and *** data showed the effect of biomixture type on the dissipation of the tested *** chlorpyrifos,its dissipation rate in biomixture P was more rapid than that in biomixture *** result was confirmed by the mineralization kinetic experiment,since 25%of the initial ^(14)C-chlorpyrifos concentration accumulated in the form ^(14)CO_(2) in biomixture P compared to only 14%in biomixture *** addition,the chlorpyrifos dissipation rate was influenced by the initial concentration when applied individually in biomixture *** contrast,biomixture C was more effective at pendimethalin dissipation than biomixture P,since>76%of pendimethalin was dissipated in biomixture C versus 67%in biomixture P at the same incubation *** thiophanate-methyl,the abilities of both biomixtures C and P were similar and less efficient than those of the other tested *** addition of the three tested pesticides to biomixture C only had a positive effect on both chlorpyrifos and thiophanate-methyl dissipation,while pendimethalin dissipation was similar when applied separately or as a *** activity was stimulated by the addition of separately or mixed pesticides to biomixtures C and P as measured by dehydrogenase activity.

关键词： Biopurification system Pesticides Contamination Point-source Bioremediation Biomixture

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