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Mutations around interferon sensitivity-determining region:A pilot resistance report of hepatitis C virus 1b in a Hong Kong population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第48期17卷 5317-5323页

作者： Xiao-Ming Zhou Paul Ks Chan john s tam Department of Epidemiology Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Fudan University Shanghai 201508China Department of Microbiology The Chinese University ofHong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China World Health Organization Geneva 1200 Switzerland

AIM： To explore mutations around the interferon sensitivity-determining region （IsDR） which are associated with the resistance of hepatitis C virus lb （HCV-lb） to interferon-α treatment. METHODs： Thirty-seven HCV-lb samples were obtained from Hong Kong patients who had completed the combined interferon-α/ribavirin treatment for more than one year with available response data. Nineteen of them were sustained virological responders, while 18 were non-responders. The amino acid sequences of the extended IsDR （eIsDR） covering 64 amino acids upstream and 67 amino acids downstream from the previously reported IsDR were analyzed. REsULTs： One amino acid variation （I2268V, P = 0.023） was significantly correlated with treatment outcome in this pilot study with a limited number of patients, while two amino acid variations （R2260H, P = 0.05 and $2278T, P = 0.05） were weakly associated with treat- ment outcome. The extent of amino acid variations within the IsDR or eIsDR was not correlated with treat- ment outcome as previously reported. CONCLUsION： Three amino acid mutations near but outside of IsDR may associate with interferon treatment resistance of HCV-lb patients in Hong Kong.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus lb Extended interferon sen-sitivity-determining region Interferon-R Resistance HongKong Mutation

Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

荧光定量聚合酶链反应与分支链DNA信号扩增法检测血清HBV DNA的比较

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广东医学 2000年第10期21卷 838-839页

作者：袁静马为民周伯平徐六妹王火生 john s tam 广东省深圳市肝病研究所 518020 香港中文大学微生物系

目的　了解荧光定量聚合酶链反应 (PCR)法与分支链DNA信号扩增 (bDNA)法在检测血清中HBVDNA含量上的优缺点。方法　分别用这两种方法平行检测 44份乙型肝炎患者的血清标本 ,并与定性PCR检测结果比较。同时用荧光定量PCR法观察 15例乙肝... 详细信息

目的　了解荧光定量聚合酶链反应 (PCR)法与分支链DNA信号扩增 (bDNA)法在检测血清中HBVDNA含量上的优缺点。方法　分别用这两种方法平行检测 44份乙型肝炎患者的血清标本 ,并与定性PCR检测结果比较。同时用荧光定量PCR法观察 15例乙肝患者干扰素治疗期间HBVDNA含量变化。结果　①荧光定量PCR法和bDNA法比较 ,○a前者测出的HBVDNA含量均值为 ( 3 5 0× 10 5± 3 3 6)copies/μl ;后者为 ( 3 0 7× 10 5± 12 9)copies/μl ,两者比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。○b前者的HBVDNA阳性率 79 5 % ;后者及常规PCR定性法均为 5 9 1%。荧光定量PCR法的阳性检出率显著高于bDNA法及常规定性PCR法 (P <0 0 5 )。② 15例中 5例获完全应答的乙型肝炎患者其血清HBVDNA含量在治疗 16周内均逐渐下降至完全转阴。结论　荧光定量PCR法与bDNA法在检测血清HBVDNA含量上 ,结果大多一致 ,且敏感性强 ,检验也较简便、价廉 ,并能较好评价和检测乙肝患者抗病毒疗效 ,宜于临床推广。

关键词：乙型肝炎 HBV-DNA bDNA法荧光定量聚合酶链反应

Targeting TrkB–PsD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang john Marshall Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic TrkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with TrkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of TrkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with TrkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated TrkB.T1 *** TrkB agonists and antibodies that activate TrkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human TrkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** TrkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost TrkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity TrkB

New Optimization Method, the Algorithms of Changes, for Heat Exchanger Design

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第1期25卷 55-62页

作者： tam Houkuan tam Lapmou tam sikchung CHIO Chouhei GHAJAR Afshin J Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macao Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macao school of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Oklahoma State University

Heat exchangers are widely used in the process engineering such as the chemical industries, the petroleum industries, and the HVAC applications etc. An optimally designed heat exchanger cannot only help the optimization of the equipment size but also the reduction of the power consumption. In this paper, a new optimization approach called algorithms of changes (AOC) is proposed for design and optimization of the shell-tube heat exchanger. This new optimization technique is developed based on the concept of the book of changes (I Ching) which is one of the oldest Chinese classic texts. In AOC, the hexagram operations in I Ching are generalized to binary string case and an iterative process, which imitates the I Ching inference, is defined. Before applying the AOC to the heat exchanger design problem, the new optimization method is examined by the benchmark optimization problems such as the global optimization test functions and the travelling salesman problem (TsP). Based on the TsP results, the AOC is shown to be superior to the genetic algorithms (GA). The AOC is then used in the optimal design of heat exchanger. The shell inside diameter, tube outside diameter, and baffles spacing are treated as the design (or optimized) variables. The cost of the heat exchanger is arranged as the objective function. For the heat exchanger design problem, the results show that the AOC is comparable to the GA method. Both methods can find the optimal solution in a short period of time.

关键词： optimization genetic algorithms (GA) travelling salesman problem (TsP) heat exchanger design algorithms of changes (AOC)

Modeling of Reversibleγ/αTransformations of Low Carbon steels in the Intercritical Temperature Range

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 702-705页

作者： tamás RTl Imre FELDE Hakan GR Budapest Polytechnic Budapest HungaryBay Zoltdn Institute for Materials Science and Technology Budapest HungaryMetallurgical and Materials Eng. Dept. Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

A phenomenological kinetic model has been developed for the prediction of non-isothermal reversible incomplete transformations in low-carbon hypoeutectoid steels. The theoretical basis of the proposed method has its origin in a possible extension of the traditional Austin-Rickett kinetic differential equation. To critically assess the applicability of the model, a number of experiments based on computer simulations have been performed to predict the austenite/ferrite proeutectoid transformation in the temperature range of Aei to Ae3 on plain carbon hypoeutectoid steels. A comparison with published experimental data has verified that the model developed is reasonable both quantitatively and with respect to well-established trends. Extension of the method of prediction appears promising when the non-isothermal reactions occurring during heat treatment (such as carbide precipitation and dissolution) can be assumed to proceed in a reversible manner.

关键词：奥氏体转变动力学低碳钢临界温度

On the relationship between the activity at point of interests and road traffic

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 150-160页

作者： MátéKolat tamás Tettamanti tamásBécsi Domokos Esztergár-Kiss Department of Control for Transportation and Vehicle systems Faculty of Transportation Eng.and Vehicle Eng.Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest1111PestHungary systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control of the Eötvös Lorand Research NetworkBudapest1053PestHungary Department of Transport Technology and Economics Faculty of Transportation Eng.and Vehicle Eng.Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest1111PestHungary

The estimation and analysis of road traffic represent the preliminary steps towards satisfying the current needs for smooth,safe,and green ***,effective traffic monitoring is an essential topic alongside the planning of sustainable transportation systems and the development of new traffic management *** contrast to classical traffic detection solutions,this study investigates the correlation between travelers'social activities and road *** s's primary goal is to investigate the presence of the relationship between social activity and road traffic,which might allow an infrastructure-independent traffic monitoring technique as ***'s general activities at Point of Interest(POI)locations(measured as occupancy parameter)are correlated with traffic data so that,finally,proper proxys can be defined for link-level average traffic speed *** method is tested and evaluated using real-world traffic and POI occupancy data from Budapest(District XI.).The results of the correlation investigation justify an indirect relationship between activity at POIs and road traffic,which holds promise for future practical applicability.

关键词： Road traffic estimation Google popular times(GPT) Point of interest(POI) POI occupancy Genetic algorithm(GA)

Polymeric micelle nanocarriers in cancer research

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 348-359页

作者： Dae Hwan shin Yu Tong tam Glen s. Kwon school of Pharmacy University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA

Amphiphilic block copolymers （ABCs） assem- ble into a spherical nanoscopic supramolecular core/shell nanostructure termed a polymeric micelle that has been widely researched as an injectable nanocarrier for poorly water-soluble anticancer agents. The aim of this review article is to update progress in the field of drug delivery towards clinical trials, highlighting advances in polymeric micelles used for drug solubilization, reduced off-target toxicity and tumor targeting by the enhanced permeability and retention （EPR） effect. Polymeric micelles vary in stability in blood and drug release rate, and accordingly play different but key roles in drug delivery. For intravenous （IV） infusion, polymeric micelles that disas- semble in blood and rapidly release poorly water-soluble anticancer agent such as paclitaxel have been used for drug solubilization, safety and the distinct possibility of toxicity reduction relative to existing solubilizing agents, e.g., Cremophor EL. stable polymeric micelles are long- circulating in blood and reduce distribution to non-target tissue, lowering off-target toxicity. Further, they participate in the EPR effect in murine tumor models. In summary, polymeric micelles act as injectable nanocarriers for poorly water-soluble anticancer agents, achieving reduced toxi- city and targeting tumors by the EPR effect.

关键词： nanomedicine parenteral poly(ethylene glycol) poly(lactic acid) reformulation

The Impact of Topography on social Factors,a Case study of Montenegro

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Journal of Mountain science 2014年第1期11卷 131-141页

作者： TELBIsZ tamás BOTTLIK Zsolt MARI László KOsZEGI Margit Department of Physical Geography Eotvos University Department of Regional science Eotvos University

Relationships between environmental and social factors have long been studied by ***,GIs-aided statistical analysis provides new tools to explore these *** order to detect the impact of topography on social factors,we selected the country of Montenegro as a case example due to its high topographic *** compared the spatial pattern of population,settlements and ethnic minorities to physical geographic factors,especially to topography,but lithology and land cover data were also taken into *** found that certain factors are closely correlated,*** settlement density linearly decreases with elevation,while the characteristic settlement area shows an exponential increase *** population density is not related to absolute elevation,but it is in close correlation with height(*** relative to the local minimum).Population change and illiteracy are also topography-related social *** the contrary,the variable ethnic pattern of Montenegro is influenced by historical,political and economic effects rather than by environmental factors or topographic *** a conclusion we state that in the scale of a country or a region,the environment can strongly impact some social factors.

关键词： Human-environment relations Dinarides GIs settlements Population Ethnic groups