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Potential influence of wildfire in modulating climate-induced forest redistribution in a central Rocky Mountain landscape

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 52-68页

作者： john l.Campbell Douglas J.Shinneman Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA U.S.Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science CenterBoiseIDUSA.

Introduction:Climate change is expected to impose significant tension on the geographic distribution of tree ***,tree species range shifts may be delayed by their long life spans,capacity to withstand long periods of physiological stress,and dispersal *** could theoretically break this biological inertia by killing forest canopies and facilitating species redistribution under changing *** investigated the capacity of wildfire to modulate climate-induced tree redistribution across a montane landscape in the central Rocky Mountains under three climate scenarios(contemporary and two warmer future climates)and three wildfire scenarios(representing historical,suppressed,and future fire regimes).Methods:Distributions of four common tree species were projected over 90 years by pairing a climate niche model with a forest landscape simulation model that simulates species dispersal,establishment,and mortality under alternative disturbance regimes and climate ***:Three species(Douglas-fir,lodgepole pine,subalpine fir)declined in abundance over time,due to climate-driven contraction in area suitable for establishment,while one species(ponderosa pine)was unable to exploit climate-driven expansion of area suitable for *** fire frequency accelerated declines in area occupied by Douglas-fir,lodgepole pine,and subalpine fir,and it maintained local abundance but not range expansion of ponderosa ***:Wildfire may play a larger role in eliminating these conifer species along trailing edges of their distributions than facilitating establishment along leading edges,in part due to dispersal limitations and interspecific competition,and future populations may increasingly depend on persistence in locations unfavorable for their establishment.

关键词： Forest disturbance Wildfire Climate change Central Rocky Mountains Climate niche Species migration Species distribution

ArcFVS:An integration of a Geographic Information System and Forest Vegetation Simulator

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第z1期49卷 35-44页

作者： Bogdan Chivoiu john Moser Walter l.Mills Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University 715 West State Street West LafayetteIN 47907USA

This paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated application program called ArcFVS that links the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to realize spatial selection of input files and graphic display of modeling output. Data for testing and running the model came from the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Database and were also collected in field surveys in north-central Indiana. ArcFVS 1.0 is designed using the ArcGIS software from the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) and the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming environment to manipulate ESRI's ArcObjects. The resulting product offers custom functions as commands in a new menu or as tools on a new toolbar. They are used to: select spatially or by attribute the forest plots to be projected by FVS, create the FVS input files for the selected plots and display in a geospatial environment different types of FVS output (text output files, tables with variables of interest and visualization image files). Advantages of ArcFVS 1.0 include the new GIS capabilities, enhanced format translation functions and the standardized programming environment.

关键词： Forest Vegetation Simulator, Geographic Information Systems, forest modeling, graphic interface.

Analyzing neural degeneration of the retina with connectomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 113-114页

作者： Charles l.Zucker john E.Dowling Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

Electron microscopy(EM)provides a unique ability to visualize structural detail with a resolution orders of magnitude better than other imaging *** conventionally,its limitation is that each acquired image represents a small area with a section thickness significantly less than 100 ***,techniques have been developed that allow thousands of relatively large serial-sections to be collected and efficiently imaged at full EM resolution,with the images then being stitched back together to produce a 3D volume.

关键词： neural image Applied

Zeb2 directs EMT-like processes that underlies the glial response to injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1788-1790页

作者： Ana l.Vivinetto john W.Cave Burke Neurological Institute White PlainsNYUSA InVitro Cell Research EnglewoodNJUSA

In both the peripheral and central nervous systems(PNS and CNS, respectively), glial cells are critical for the wound healing response to injury. However, the glial cell types that orchestrate the response and the ext... 详细信息

关键词： healing wound injury

Development of high damage threshold laser-machined apodizers and gain filters for laser applications

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 113-119页

作者： Patrick Rambo Jens Schwarz Mark Kimmel john l.Porter Sandia National laboratories

We have developed high damage threshold filters to modify the spatial profile of a high energy laser beam. The filters are formed by laser ablation of a transmissive window. The ablation sites constitute scattering centers which can be filtered in a subsequent spatial filter. By creating the filters in dielectric materials, we see an increased laser-induced damage threshold from previous filters created using ‘metal on glass' lithography.

关键词： apodization laser beam shaping laser micro-machining spatial filtering

Response to ‘Monotreme middle ear is not primitive for Mammalia’

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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 12-14页

作者： john R.Wible Sarah l.Shelley Shundong Bi Section of Mammals Carnegie Museum of Natural History Centre for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology Yunnan University School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Department of Biology Indiana University of Pennsylvania

To date, a complete auditory apparatus(with malleus, incus, stapes, ectotympanic and perhaps surangular) is known for only three Mesozoic mammals, the haramiyidan Arboroharamiya allinhopsoni [1], the multituberculate Sinobaatar pani [2] and the zhangheotheriid Origolestes lii [3], with subsets of these bones preserved in a handful more,

关键词： EVOlUTION

Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen l. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad john l. daiss john R. Owen Stephen l. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OlCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel

A little goes a long way: ClE peptides mediate phloem initiation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第10期61卷 1034-1035页

作者： Amala john Zachary l.Nimchuk Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

The root system of a tree can often extend many-fold the diameter of the tree;it provides physical support, dissolved minerals and water but relies on a constant supply of nutrients from photosynthetically active tissues in aboveground organs. The phloem is re-sponsible for such transport and the success of a plant relies heavily on the integrity of the phloem in its root system.

关键词： ClE peptides mediate initiation

Circadian rhythms in liver metabolism and disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 113-122页

作者： Jessica M.Ferrell john Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical University

Mounting research evidence demonstrates a significant negative impact of circadian disruption on human health. Shift work, chronic jet lag and sleep disturbances are associated with increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, and consequently result in obesity, type 2 diabetes and ***, these associations are reviewed with respect to liver metabolism and disease.

关键词： Circadian rhythm liver Metabolic syndrome Type 2 diabetes