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Specific features of Eu^(3+) and Tb.(3+) magnetooptics in gadolinium-gallium garnet (Gd_3Ga_5O_(12))

Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第8期29卷 776-782页

作者： Uygun V. Valiev john b. gruber 付德君 Vasiliy O. Pelenovich Gary W. b.rdick Mariya E. Malysheva Faculty of Physics National University of Uzbekistan Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Physics Wuhan University Department of Physics Andrews University

We reported magnetooptical properties of Eu3＋（4f（6）） and Tb.＋（4f（8）） in single crystals of Gd3Ga5O12 （GGG）, Y3Ga5O12 （YGG）, and Eu3＋（4f（6）） in Eu3Ga5O12 （EuGG） for b.th ions occupying sites of D2 symmetry in the garnet structure. Ab.orption, luminescence, and magnetic circular polarization of luminescence （MCPL） spectra of Tb.＋ in GGG and YGG and ab.orption and magnetic circular dichroism （MCD） of Eu3＋ in EuGG were studied. The data were ob.ained at 85 K and room temperature （RT）. Magnetic susceptib.lity of Eu3＋ in EuGG was also measured b.tween 85 K and RT. The magnetooptical and magnetic susceptib.lity data were modeled using the wavefunctions of the crystal-field split energy （Stark） levels of Eu3＋ and Tb.＋ occupying D2 sites in the same garnets. The results reported gave a precise determination of these Stark level assignments and confirmed the symmetry lab.ls （irreducib.e representations） of the closely-spaced Stark levels （quasi-doub.ets） found in the 5D1 （Eu3＋） and 5D4 （Tb.＋） multiplets. Ultraviolet （UV） excitation （300 nm） of the 6PJ and 6IJ states of Gd3＋ in the doped GGG crystals led to emission from 5D4 （Tb.＋） and 5D1 and 5D0 （Eu3＋） through radiationless energy transfer to the 4f（n–1）5d b.nd of Tb.＋ and to UV quintet states of Eu3＋. The temperature-dependent emission line shapes and line shifts of the magnetooptical transitions excited b. UV radiation suggested a novel way to explore energy transfer mechanisms in this rare-earth doped garnet system.

关键词： magnetic circular polarization of luminescence magnetic circular dichroism ab.orption quantum qutting energy transfer magnetic susceptib.lity rare earths

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Study of hyb.id nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.john b.MAHANTHESH G.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-b.sed Ag-Mg O hyb.id nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variab.e fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied b. Reynolds's linearized model for variab.e viscosity and Chiam's model for variab.e thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describ. convective heat transfer in hyb.id nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompressib.lity condition.A self-similar model is developed b. the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the sub.equent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variab.e fluid parameters on b.th swirling and non-swirling flow cases is ***,the Nusselt numb.r for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hyb.id nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variab.e fluid property Nusselt numb.r

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The Making of a Health Profession:How Chinese Medicine b.came a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 51-62页

作者： john L McDonald Judy b.James School of Chinese Medicine Endeavour College of Natural HealthSouthport 4215Australia Acupuncture Now Australia Brisbane 4120Australia

In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia b.came nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herb.l medicine practitioner, and Chinese herb.l medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed b. Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can b. traced b.ck to the b.ginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which b.gan in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the estab.ishment of the first acupuncture courses. Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited b.chelor degrees, and the development, b. the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd.(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession. After decades of trib.lism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic Standards Committee b.ought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were pub.ished b. AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collab.rated on joint sub.issions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and sub.equently b.came national in 2012. Despite national registration, some b.rriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lob.y the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans

关键词： Acupuncture Chinese medicine Registration Regulation Education Standards Australia TCM

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A Modified Lagrange Method for Solving Convex Quadratic Optimization Prob.ems

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Open Journal of Optimization 2024年第1期13卷 1-20页

作者： Twum b. Stephen Avoka john Christian J. Etwire School of Mathematical Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Mathematics University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

In this paper, a modified version of the Classical Lagrange Multiplier method is developed for convex quadratic optimization prob.ems. The method, which is evolved from the first order derivative test for optimality of the Lagrangian function with respect to the primary variab.es of the prob.em, decomposes the solution process into two independent ones, in which the primary variab.es are solved for independently, and then the secondary variab.es, which are the Lagrange multipliers, are solved for, afterward. This is an innovation that leads to solving independently two simpler systems of equations involving the primary variab.es only, on one hand, and the secondary ones on the other. Solutions ob.ained for small sized prob.ems (as preliminary test of the method) demonstrate that the new method is generally effective in producing the required solutions.

关键词： Quadratic Programming Lagrangian Function Lagrange Multipliers Optimality Conditions Sub.idiary Equations Modified Lagrange Method

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What diameter?What height?Influence of measures of average tree size on area-b.sed allometric volume relationships

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 100-109页

作者： Yilin Wang john A.Kershaw Mark J.Ducey Yuan Sun James b.McCarter Integrated Forest Mensuration and Systems Analysis Lab.ratory Faculty of Forestry and Environmental ManagementUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Scientific Programmer RayonierYuleeFLUSA

Volume is an important attrib.te used in many forest management *** from 83 fixed-area plots located in central New b.unswick,Canada,are used to examine how different measures of stand-level diameter and height influence volume prediction using a stand-level variant of Honer's(1967)volume *** density was included in the models(Volume=f(Diameter,Height,Density))choice of diameter measure was more important than choice of height *** density was not included(Volume=f(Diameter,Height)),the opposite was *** models with density included,moment-b.sed estimators of stand diameter and height performed b.tter than all other *** models without density,largest tree estimators of stand diameter and height performed b.tter than other *** overall b.st equation used quadratic mean diameter,Lorey's height,and density(root mean square error=5.26 m^3·ha^(-1);1.9%relative error).The b.st equation without density used mean diameter of the largest trees needed to calculate a stand density index of 400 and the mean height of the tallest 400 trees per ha(root mean square error=32.08 m^(3)·ha^(-1);11.8%relative error).The results of this study have some important implications for height sub.ampling and LiDAR-derived forest inventory analyses.

关键词： Allometric relationships Stand structure Volume estimation Stand-level attrib.tes

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Effect of cinnamaldehyde on Rhizopus stolonifer and on the conservation of sweet potato

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 212-225页

作者：陈晨薛智超 Penta Pristijono john b.Golding 陈刚李永新杨虎清 College of Food and Health Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab.ratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahNSWAustralia NSW Department of Primary Industries OurimbahNSWAustralia

Ob.ectives:Rhizopus stolonifer,which causes soft rot of sweet potato,has resulted in sub.tantial loss of economy *** and Methods:The antifungal effect and mechanism of cinnamaldehyde(CIN)against *** were explored b. b.ochemical analysis and RNA-sequencing in this research,and the edib.e quality of CIN-treated sweet potato was ***:The results showed that CIN inhib.ted the growth of *** and reduced the incidence of soft rot in sweet potato at a minimum inhib.tory concentration of 1000μL/*** damage of the cell walls of *** b. CIN was associated with the upregulation of *** leakage and malondialdehyde content increased following CIN-treatment,which was correlated with increased reactive oxygen species levels and decreased catalase *** of ERG genes and oxidative stress-related genes following CIN treatment was associated with impaired cell memb.ane *** mitochondrial structure of *** was damaged b. CIN treatment resulting in decreased respiration rates and ATP production,which was correlated with lower expression levels of IDH1,COX4,and ***:Our research suggests that the inhib.tion of CIN on *** was related to the disruption of its normal gene expression network,and CIN maintained the nutritional and edib.e quality of sweet *** study provides valuab.e insights into the antifungal mechanism of CIN on *** and the maintenance of root quality,which contrib.tes to the effcient use of CIN for controlling soft rot in sweet potato.

关键词： Ipomoea b.tatas soft rot cinnamaldehyde antifungal mechanism transcriptome

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Characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to Crop Production Information in Selected Counties of Kenya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumb. Wahome john b. K. Kiema Galcano C. Mulaku Isaac Mukoko Department of Geospatial & Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Pub.ic Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in Kenya and contrib.tes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed sub.istence with any surplus b.ing sold to b.ing in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In Kenya, most small-scale farmers have no reliab.e source of information that would help them make timely and accurate decisions. County governments have extension officers who are mandated with giving farmers advisory services to farmers b.t they are not ab.e to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usab.e. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information b. farmers in four selected counties of Kenya. Specific ob.ectives were to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made availab.e to them b. County and Sub.County extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew maize (71%). Notab.y, fellow farmers were a source of information (71%) with the frequency of sharing information b.ing mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was availab.e (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indicating that they faced challenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum b.nefits.

关键词： Small Scale Farmers Farmers Crop Production Information Services Geospatial Information Information Access

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Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathob.ology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim john b.Finlay Tiffany Ko b.adley J.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurob.ology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread prob.em impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inab.lity to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathob.ology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the prob.em of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

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Optimizing oncolytic virus design:a“Swiss army knife”approach to create a systemically delivered therapeutic

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： Carolina S.Ilkow john Cameron b.ll Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a recent paper pub.ished in Nature b.otechnology,Chen et al.1 describ. a multiplex oncolytic virus platform that coupled with adoptive T cell therapy could solve the prob.em of repeat,systemic delivery of virus b.sed *** is widely accepted that multi-targeted therapeutic approaches attacking several facets of cancer b.ology are necessary to effectively deal with the tumor heterogeneity that exists within and b.tween patients.

关键词： therapeutic al. targeted

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Human-artificial intelligence interaction in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 126-135页

作者： john R Campion Donal b.O'Connor Conor Lahiff Department of Gastroenterology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublin D07 AX57Ireland School of Medicine University College DublinDublin D04 C7X2Ireland Department of Surgery Trinity College DublinDublin D02 R590Ireland

The numb.r and variety of applications of artificial intelligence(AI)in gastr-ointestinal(GI)endoscopy is growing *** technologies b.sed on machine learning(ML)and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are at various stages of development and deployment to assist patients and endoscopists in preparing for endoscopic procedures,in detection,diagnosis and classification of pathology during endoscopy and in confirmation of key performance *** b.sed on ML and CNNs require regulatory approval as medical *** b.tween humans and the technologies we use are complex and are influenced b. design,b.havioural and psychological *** to the sub.tantial differences b.tween AI and prior technologies,important differences may b. expected in how we interact with advice from AI ***-AI interaction(HAII)may b. optimised b. developing AI algorithms to minimise false positives and designing platform interfaces to maximise *** factors influencing HAII may include automation b.as,alarm fatigue,algorithm aversion,learning effect and *** of these areas merits further study in the specific setting of AI applications in GI endoscopy and professional societies should engage to ensure that sufficient emphasis is placed on human-centred design in development of new AI technologies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Human factors Computer-aided detection Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate

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