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Genetic variation and cryptic lineage diversity of the Nigerian red-headed rock agama Agama agama associate with eco-geographic zones

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 713-724页

作者： Lotanna M.NNEJI Adeniyi C.ADEOLA Fang yAN Agboola O.OKEyOyIN Ojo C.OLADIPO yohanna SAIDU Dinatu SAMUEL Ifeanyi C.NNEJI Akindele O.ADEyI Abiodun B.ONADEKO Temidayo E.OLAGUNJU Olatunde OMOTOSO Segun O.OLADIPO Oluyinka A.IyIOLA john y.usongo Timothy AUTA Abbas D.USMAN Halima ABDULLAHI Odion O.IKHIMIUKOR Wei-Wei ZHOU Jie-Qiong JIN Obih A.UGWUMBA Adiaha A.A.UGWUMBA Min-Sheng PENG Robert W.MURPHy Jing CHE State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China National Park Service Headquarters Federal Capital TerritoryAbuja 900001Nigeria Old Oyo National Park Oyo State 211242Nigeria Gashaka Gumti National Park SertiTaraba State 663101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of AbujaFCTAbuja 902101Nigeria Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Department of Zoology University of LagosLagos 100213Nigeria Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State UniversityMaleteKwara State 241104Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of llorinllorinKwara State 240103Nigeria Department of Zoology Modibbo Adama University of TechnologyYola 640101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Federal University Dutsin-MaKatsina State 821Nigeria Department of Biology Kashim Ibrahim College of EducationMaiduguriBorno State 600230Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 2C6

Nigeria is an Afrotropical region with considerable ecological heterogeneity and levels of biotic *** its vertebrate fauna,reptiles have broad distributions,thus,they constitute a compelling system for assessing the impact of ecological variation and geographic isolation on species *** red-headed rock agama,Agama agama,lives in a wide range of habitats and,thus,it may show genetic structuring and ***,we tested the hypothesis that ecology affects its genetic structure and population *** inference phylogenetic analysis of a mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)gene recovered four well-supported matrilines with strong evidence of genetic structuring consistent with eco-geographic *** differences among populations based on the mtDNA also correlated with geographic distance. The ecologicalniche model for the matrilines had a good fit and robust performance. Population divergence alongthe environmental axes was associated with climatic conditions, and temperature ranked highestamong all environmental variables for forest specialists, while precipitation ranked highest for theforest/derived savanna, and savanna specialists. Our results cannot reject the hypothesis that nicheconservatism promotes geographic isolation of the western populations of Nigerian A. ***, ecological gradients and geographic isolation impact the genetic structure and population divergenceof the lizards. This species might be facing threats due to recent habitat fragmentation,especially in western Nigeria. Conservation actions appear necessary.

关键词： Agama agama ecological speciation genogeography Nigeria population divergence vegetation

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Interaction between adjacent left-lateral strike-slip faults and thrust faults: the 1976 Songpan earthquake sequence

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第16期53卷 2520-2526页

作者： y. john CHEN Department of Geophysics School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University

Based on the published focal mechanisms we have built the fault model of the main shocks of the 1976 Songpan earthquake sequence and calculated the coseismic Coulomb stress changes in the region. The results show that most of the aftershocks had occurred in the region where the Coulomb stresses had been increased, indicating a triggering relationship between the main shocks and the aftershocks. We also show that the first main shock (Ms = 7.2), which is a left-lateral slip event, had increased the Coulomb stresses by 5×105 Pa at the second main shock (a thrust event with Ms = 6.7). Therefore, we conclude that the first main shock had triggered the second main shock. The third main shock is also a left-lateral event, however, the triggering relationship between the third main shock and the previous two events is less obvious. General model calculations show that there is a good triggering relation- ship between adjacent left-lateral slip fault and thrust fault, but triggering between parallel slip faults is rather weak.

关键词：松潘大地震序列断层地震波

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Circadian rhythms in liver metabolism and disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 113-122页

作者： Jessica M.Ferrell john y.L.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical University

Mounting research evidence demonstrates a significant negative impact of circadian disruption on human health. Shift work, chronic jet lag and sleep disturbances are associated with increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, and consequently result in obesity, type 2 diabetes and ***, these associations are reviewed with respect to liver metabolism and disease.

关键词： Circadian rhythm Liver Metabolic syndrome Type 2 diabetes

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The gut's feeling on bile acid signaling in NAFLD

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第2期7卷 151-153页

作者： john y.L.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

The gut to live axis plays a critical role in regulation of hepatic bile acid synthesis and metabolic homeostasis(1).Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease with a high prevalence of^35%in *** can progress from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** is associated with insulin resistance,obesity and type 2 *** acid-activated farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5)have been shown to regulate lipid,glucose and energy metabolism and activation of FXR by agonists have been shown to improve hepatic metabolism and metabolic disorder in several mouse models of NASH(2).However,the role of bile acid signaling in pathogenesis and treatment of NASH is not clear.

关键词： NAFLD metabolism bile

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Bile acid metabolism and signaling in liver disease and therapy

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Liver Research 2017年第1期1卷 3-9页

作者： john y.L.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bile acids play a critical role in the regulation of glucose,lipid,and energy metabolism through activation of the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5).Agonist activation of FXR and TGR5 improves insulin and glucose sensitivity and stimulates energy metabolism to prevent diabetes,obesity,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Bile acids have both pro-and anti-inflammatory actions through FXR and TGR5 in the intestine and *** the intestine,bile acids activate FXR and TGR5 to stimulate fibroblast growth factor 15 and glucagon-like peptide-1 *** and TGR5 agonists may have therapeutic potential for treating liver-related metabolic diseases,such as diabetes and NAFLD.

关键词： Bile acid metabolism Cholestatic liver diseases Metabolic diseases

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Bile acid-based therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic Iiver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 152-169页

作者： Tiangang Li john y.L.Chiang Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol only in *** acids circulating in the enterohepatic system act as physiological detergent molecules to help solubilize biliary cholesterol and emulsify dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in small *** acids are signaling molecules that activate nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and cell surface G protein-coupled receptor *** critically regulates bile acid homeostasis by mediating bile acid feedback inhibition of hepatic bile acid *** addition,bile acid-activated cellular signaling pathways regulate metabolic homeostasis,immunity,and cell proliferation in various metabolically active *** the small and large intestine,gut bacterial enzymes modify primary bile acids to generate secondary bile acids to help shape the bile acid pool composition and subsequent biological *** turn,bile acids exhibit anti-microbial properties and modulate gut microbiota to influence host metabolism and ***,bile acid-based therapies including systemic and intestine-restricted FXR agonists,TGR5 agonists,fibroblast growth factor 19 analogue,intestine FXR antagonists,and intestine apical sodium-bile acid transporter(ASBT)inhibitors have been developed as promising treatments for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).These pharmacological agents improved metabolic and inflammatory disorders via distinct mechanisms of action that are subjects of extensive research *** recently,human and experimental alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been associated with disrupted bile acid *** additional,new findings showed that targeting bile acid metabolism and signaling may be promising therapeutic approaches for treating ALD.

关键词： Bile acid farnesoid X receptor(FXR) microbiota non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) alcoholic liver disease(ALD)

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Palladium Nanoparticles Loaded on Carbon Modified TiO_2 Nanobelts for Enhanced Methanol Electrooxidation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第3期5卷 202-212页

作者： Robert Liang Anming Hu john Persic y.Norman Zhou Centre for Advanced Materials Joining Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Microbonds Inc.

Carbon modified TiO_2 nanobelts(TiO_2-C) were synthesized using a hydrothermal growth method,as a support material for palladium(Pd) nanoparticles(Pd/TiO_2-C) to improve the electrocatalytic performance for methanol electrooxidation by comparison to Pd nanoparticles on bare TiO_2 nanobelts(Pd/TiO_2)and activated carbon(Pd/AC). Cyclic voltammetry characterization was conducted with respect to saturated calomel electrode(SCE) in an alkaline methanol solution, and the results indicate that the specific activity of Pd/TiO_2-C is 2.2 times that of Pd/AC and 1.5 times that of Pd/TiO_2. Chronoamperometry results revealed that the TiO_2-C support was comparable in stability to activated carbon, but possesses an enhanced current density for methanol oxidation at a potential of -0.2 V vs. SCE. The current study demonstrates the potential of Pd nanoparticle loaded on hierarchical TiO_2-C nanobelts for electrocatalytic applications such as fuel cells and batteries.

关键词： Titanium oxide nanobelts Carbon-modification Fuel cell Methanol electrooxidation Palladium nanoparticles Electrocatalysts

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Vibration induced flow in hoppers:DEM 2D polygon model

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 455-466页

作者： Feras y. Fraige Paul A. Langston Andrew J. Matchett john Dodds Faculty of Mining and Environmental Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Jordan Chemical and Environmental Engineering Nottingham University University Park Chemical Engineering University of Teesside Centre RAPSODEE Ecole Des Mines

A two-dimensional discrete element model （DEM） simulation of cohesive polygonal particles has been developed to assess the benefit of point source vibration to induce flow in wedge-shaped hoppers. The particle-particle interaction model used is based on a multi-contact principle. The first part of the study investigated particle discharge under gravity without vibration to determine the critical orifice size （Bc） to just sustain flow as a function of particle shape. It is shown that polygonal-shaped particles need a larger orifice than circular particles. It is also shown that Bc decreases as the number of particle vertices increases. Addition of circular particles promotes flow of polygons in a linear manner. The second part of the study showed that vibration could enhance flow, effectively reducing Bc. The model demonstrated the importance of vibrator location （height）, consistent with previous continuum model results, and vibration amplitude in enhancing flow.

关键词： Bulk solids Vibration DEM Hoppers Materials handling Polygon

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Polar Gini Curve:A Technique to Discover Gene Expression Spatial Patterns from Single-cell RNA-seq Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第3期19卷 493-503页

作者： Thanh Minh Nguyen Jacob john Jeevan Nuo Xu Jake y.Chen Informatics Institute the University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Collat School of Business the University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

In this work,we describe the development of Polar Gini Curve,a method for characterizing cluster markers by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)*** Gini Curve combines the gene expression and the 2D coordinates(“spatial”)information to detect patterns of uniformity in any clustered cells from scRNA-seq *** demonstrate that Polar Gini Curve can help users characterize the shape and density distribution of cells in a particular cluster,which can be generated during routine scRNA-seq data *** quantify the extent to which a gene is uniformly distributed in a cell cluster space,we combine two polar Gini curves(PGCs)—one drawn upon the cell-points expressing the gene(the“foreground curve”)and the other drawn upon all cell-points in the cluster(the“background curve”).We show that genes with highly dissimilar foreground and background curves tend not to uniformly distributed in the cell cluster—thus having spatially divergent gene expression patterns within the *** with similar foreground and background curves tend to uniformly distributed in the cell cluster—thus having uniform gene expression patterns within the *** quantitative attributes of PGCs can be applied to sensitively discover biomarkers across clusters from scRNA-seq *** demonstrate the performance of the Polar Gini Curve framework in several simulation case *** this framework to analyze a real-world neonatal mouse heart cell dataset,the detected biomarkers may characterize novel subtypes of cardiac muscle *** source code and data for Polar Gini Curve could be found at http://***/PGC/or https://***/projects/Polar_Gini_Curve/76749.

关键词： Single-cell gene expression Polar Gini curve Spatial pattern Biomarker discovery

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Predictive modelling of ferroelectric tunnel junctions

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 150-162页

作者： Julian P Velev john D Burton Mikhail ye Zhuravlev Evgeny y Tsymbal Department of Physics and Astronomy University of NebraskaLincolnNEUSA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of NebraskaLincolnNEUSA Kurnakov Institute for General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences St Petersburg State UniversitySt PetersburgRussia

Ferroelectric tunnel junctions combine the phenomena of quantum-mechanical tunnelling and switchable spontaneous polarisation of a nanometre-thick ferroelectric film into novel device *** the ferroelectric barrier polarisation direction produces a sizable change in resistance of the junction—a phenomenon known as the tunnelling electroresistance *** a fundamental perspective,ferroelectric tunnel junctions and their version with ferromagnetic electrodes,i.e.,multiferroic tunnel junctions,are testbeds for studying the underlying mechanisms of tunnelling electroresistance as well as the interplay between electric and magnetic degrees of freedom and their effect on *** a practical perspective,ferroelectric tunnel junctions hold promise for disruptive device *** a very short time,they have traversed the path from basic model predictions to prototypes for novel non-volatile ferroelectric random access memories with non-destructive *** remarkable progress is to a large extent driven by a productive cycle of predictive modelling and innovative experimental *** this review article,we outline the development of the ferroelectric tunnel junction concept and the role of theoretical modelling in guiding experimental *** discuss a wide range of physical phenomena that control the functional properties of ferroelectric tunnel junctions and summarise the state-of-the-art achievements in the field.

关键词： ferroelectric tunnel resistance

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