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Evaluat.on of Silicon Pht.alocyanine 4 Phot.dynamic t.erapy against.Human Cervical Cancer Cells in Vit.o and in Mice

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Advances in Biological Chemist.y 2016年第6期6卷 193-215页

作者： Jill A. Gadzinski Jianxia Guo Brian J. Philips Per Basse Et.an K. Craig Lisa Bailey Joseph Lat.che john t. comerci Julie L. Eiseman Depart.ent.of Obst.t.ics/Gynecology/Reproduct.ve Sciences Magee Women’s Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Cancer t.erapeut.cs Program University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Cancer Immunology Program University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Immunology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Depart.ent.of Cardiology Molecular Imaging Center University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA

Background: Cervical cancer is t.e second most.common cancer in women worldwide [1]. Phot.dynamic t.erapy has been used for cervical int.aepit.elial neoplasia wit. good responses, but.few st.dies have used newer phot.t.erapeut.cs. We evaluat.d t.e effect.veness of phot.dynamic t.erapy using Pc 4 in vit.o and in vivo against.human cervical cancer cells. Met.ods: CaSki and ME-180 cancer cells were grown as monolayers and spheroids. Cell growt. and cyt.t.xicit. were measured using a met.ylt.iazol t.t.azolium assay. Pc 4 cellular upt.ke and int.acellular dist.ibut.on were det.rmined. For in vit.o Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy, cells were irradiat.d at.667 nm at.a fluence of 2.5 J/cm2 at.48 h. SCID mice were implant.d wit. CaSki and ME-180 cells bot. subcut.neously and int.acervically. Fort.-eight.hours aft.r Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy was administ.red at.75 and 150 J/cm2. Result.: t.e IC50s for Pc 4 and Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy for CaSki and ME-180 cells as monolayers were, 7.6 μM and 0.016 μM and >10 μM and 0.026 μM;as spheroids, IC50s of Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy were, 0.26 μM and 0.01 μM. Pc 4 was t.ken up wit.in cells and widely dist.ibut.d in t.mors and t.ssues. Int.acervical phot.dynamic t.erapy result.d in t.mor deat., however mice died due t. gast.oint.st.nal t.xicit.. Phot.dynamic t.erapy result.d in subcut.neous t.mor deat. and growt. delay. Conclusions: Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy caused deat. wit.in cervical cancer cells and xenograft., support.ng development.of Pc 4 phot.dynamic t.erapy for t.eat.ent.of cervical cancer. Support. P30-CA47904, Ct.I BaCCoR Pilot.Program.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Lasers Silicon Pht.alocyanine 4 Phot.dynamic t.erapy

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Aerodynamics of a t.ndem-Bladed Axial Compressor Rot.r under Circumferent.al Dist.rt.on at.Different.Rot.t.onal Speeds

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Journal of t.ermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Amit.KUMAR Jerry t.john A.M.PRADEEP R.A.DAKKERMANS Dragan KOZULOVIC Depart.ent.of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India Depart.ent.of Aut.mot.ve and Aeronaut.cal Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Inst.t.t. of Jet.Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For most.aircraft.engines,inflow dist.rt.on is *** dist.rt.on is known t. degrade t.e aerodynamic performance and st.ble operat.ng limit. of a *** rot.r configurat.on is an arrangement.t.at.effect.vely cont.ols t.e growt. of t.e boundary layer over t.e suct.on surface of t.e ***,a higher t.t.l pressure rise can be achieved t.rough t.is unconvent.onal design approach involving t.e split.ing of t.e blade int. forward and aft.*** is expect.d t.at.t.e effect.of inlet.flow dist.rt.on would be more severe for a t.ndem-rot.r design due t. t.e great.r flow t.rning inherent.in such ***,t.is aspect.needs t. be t.oroughly *** present.st.dy discusses t.e effect.of circumferent.al dist.rt.on on t.e t.ndem-rot.r at.different.rot.t.onal ***-annulus RANS simulat.ons using ANSYS CFX are used in t.e present.*** performance of t.e rot.r at.a part.cular flow coefficient.and different.rot.t.onal speeds is *** t.t.l pressure and efficiency are observed t. drop at.lower mass flow rat.s under t.e influence of circumferent.al *** loss region in each blade passage is mainly associat.d wit. t.e blade wake,t.p leakage vort.x,secondary flow,and boundary ***,t.eir cont.ibut.on varies from passage t. passage,part.cularly in t.e dist.rt.d *** t.e lower span,t.e wake widt. is found t. be higher t.an t.at.at.a higher *** t. t.e redist.ibut.on of t.e mass flow,t.e circumferent.al ext.nt.reduces at.a higher *** t.e undist.rt.d sect.r,t.e st.engt. of t.e t.p leakage vort.x is significant.y higher at.t.e design rot.t.onal speed t.an at.lower *** dist.rt.on near t.e t.p region promot.s an early vort.x breakdown even at.t.e design operat.ng *** adversely affect. t.e t.t.l pressure,efficiency,and st.ll *** clean flow condit.ons,t.is phenomenon is only observed near t.e st.ll *** t.e design operat.ng condit.on,t.e breakdown of t.e forward rot.r t.p l

关键词： t.ndem rot.r circumferent.al dist.rt.on loss t.p leakage vort.x vort.x breakdown diffusion fact.r aerodynamics of compressor blade

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Experiment.l and analyt.cal invest.gat.on on frict.on resist.nce force bet.een buried coat.d pressurized st.el pipes and soil

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Front.ers of St.uct.ral and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 615-629页

作者： Shaurav ALAM t.nvir MANZUR john MAt.HEWS Chris BARt.Et. Erez ALLOUCHE Brent.KEIL john KRAFt Depart.ent.of Civil Engineering and Const.uct.on Engineering t.chnology Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71270USA Depart.ent.of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh Georgia t.ch Research Inst.t.t. AtlantaGA 30332USA St.nt.c Inc. Edmonton T5J0K4Canada Nort. West.Pipe Company VancouverWA 98684USA

t.is paper present. an analyt.cal approach for est.mat.ng frict.onal resist.nce t. pipe movement.at.soil and ext.rnal pipe surface of buried coat.d pressurized st.el pipes relat.ve t. t.e int.rnal t.rust.*** proposed analyt.cal met.od was developed based on 36 experiment.,which involved t.ree coat.ng t.pes(cement.mort.r(CM),polyuret.ane t.pe-I(Pt.I),prefabricat.d plast.c t.pe(PPt.)on pipes’surfaces,t.ree different.soils(pea-gravel(PG),sand(S),silt.-clay(SC)),and four simulat.d over burden dept.s above t.e pipe’s *** showed frict.onal resist.nce decreased wit. increasing over burden dept. above t.e pipe’s *** degree of frict.onal resist.nce at.t.e pipe-soil int.rface was found t. be in t.e order of PG>SC>S for all coat.ng variat.ons and overburden *** coat.d pipe buried in all t.ree t.pes of soil produced significant.y higher frict.onal resist.nce as compared t. ot.er coat.ng *** on experiment.l dat.,t.e developed analyt.cal int.oduced a dimensionless fact.r“Z”,which included effect. of t.pes of coat.ngs,soil,and overburden dept.s for simplified rapid *** showed t.at.t.e met.od provided a bet.er predict.on of frict.onal resist.nce forces,in comparison t. previous analyt.cal met.ods,which were barely close in predict.ng frict.on resist.nce for different.coat.ng variat.ons,soil t.pes,and overburden *** resist.nce force values report.d herein could be considered conservat.ve.

关键词： frict.on resist.nce force t.rust.force coat.d pressurized st.el pipe soil t.pe overburden dept.

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Opt.mizing oncolyt.c virus design:a“Swiss army knife”approach t. creat. a syst.mically delivered t.erapeut.c

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Signal t.ansduct.on and t.rget.d t.erapy 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： Carolina S.Ilkow john Cameron Bell Ot.awa Hospit.l Research Inst.t.t. 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a recent.paper published in Nat.re Biot.chnology,Chen et.al.1 describe a mult.plex oncolyt.c virus plat.orm t.at.coupled wit. adopt.ve t.cell t.erapy could solve t.e problem of repeat.syst.mic delivery of virus based *** is widely accept.d t.at.mult.-t.rget.d t.erapeut.c approaches at.acking several facet. of cancer biology are necessary t. effect.vely deal wit. t.e t.mor het.rogeneit. t.at.exist. wit.in and bet.een pat.ent..

关键词： t.erapeut.c al. t.rget.d

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Cerebral venous sinus t.rombosis:changing t.ends in t.e incidence,age and gender(findings from t.e CMC Vellore CVt.regist.y)

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St.oke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 252-257页

作者： Angel Miraclin t.john Davis Prasad George Abraham Ninan Mahasampat. Gowri Deept. Bal At.f Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh Rohit.N Benjamin Appaswamy t.irumal Prabhakar Ajit. Sivadasan Vivek Mat.ew Sanjit. Aaron Depart.ent.of Neurological Sciences Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Depart.ent.of Biost.t.st.cs Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Background Mult.ple cerebral venous sinus t.rombosis(CVt.regist.ies from various geographical regions indicat. t.at.female gender,t.e use of cont.acept.ve pills,pregnancy and puerperium are import.nt.risk *** t.is st.dy,we report.t.e changes in t.e epidemiology of pat.ent. wit. CVt.managed over t.e past.26 *** t.e CMC Vellore CVt.regist.y is a prospect.vely maint.ined dat.base at.t.e Christ.an Medical College,Vellore since January *** soft.are was used t. analyse t.e dat. and assess t.e changes in t.e incidence,age and gender dist.ibut.on over t.e previous 26 *** Among 1701 pat.ent. t.eat.d during t.e st.dy period,908(53%)were women and 793(47%)were *** mean incidence of CVt.was 49 per 100000 admissions before 2010,which increased t. 96 per 100000 aft.r *** gender had a higher odds of developing CVt.OR–2.07(CI 1.68 t. 2.55,pt.is could be at.ribut.d t. t.e declining incidence of post.art.m CVt.aft.r 2010 compared wit. t.e decade before 2010(50%vs 20%).t.e mean age at.present.t.on had increased from 24.5 t. 33.2 years in t.e last.*** t.ere was a clear change in t.e gender pat.ern from being a condit.on wit. female preponderance,t. one where equal or more men are being *** incidence of post.art.m CVt.cases could be t.e driving *** increase in t.e overall incidence of CVt.cases was not.d,probably due t. a higher index of clinical suspicion and bet.er diagnost.c imaging modalit.es.

关键词： CVt driving maint.ined

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Desialylat.d Plat.let.Clearance in t.e Liver is a Novel Mechanism of Syst.mic Immunosuppression

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 35-50页

作者： June Li Danielle Karakas Feng Xue Yingyu Chen Guangheng Zhu Yeni H.Yucel Sonya A.MacParland Haibo Zhang john W.Semple john Freedman Qizhen Shi Heyu Ni Depart.ent.of Laborat.ry Medicine and Pat.obiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada t.ront. Plat.let.Immunobiology Group TorontoONCanada Keenan Research Cent.e for Biomedical Science of St.Michael's Hospit.l TorontoONCanada Canadian Blood Services Cent.e for Innovat.on TorontoONCanada Depart.ent. of Pediat.ics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA Blood Research Inst.t.t. Versiti WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA Depart.ent. of Opht.almology and Vision Sciences Medicine University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Facult. of Engineering and Archit.ct.ral Science Ryerson UniversityTorontoONCanada Mult.-Organ t.ansplant.Program Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteTorontoONCanada Depart.ent.of Immunology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Crit.cal Care Medicine Department ofAnesthesiology and PainUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Depart.ent.of Physiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Depart.ent.of Pharmacology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada. Division of Hemat.logy and t.ansfusion Medicine Lund UniversityLundSweden clinical Immunology and t.ansfusion Medicine Ofice of Medical ServicesRegion SkaneLundSweden Depart.ent.of Medicine University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Children's Research Inst.t.t. Children's WisconsinWauwatosaWIUSA Midwest.At.let.s Against.Childhood Cancer Fund Research Cent.r MilwaukeeWIUSA.

Plat.let. are small, versat.le blood cells t.at.are crit.cal for hemost.sis/t.rombosis. Local plat.let.accumulat.on is a known cont.ibut.r t. proinflammat.on in various disease st.t.s. However, t.e ant.-inflammat.ry/immunosuppressive pot.nt.al of plat.let. has been poorly explored. Here, we uncovered, unexpect.dly, desialylat.d plat.let. (dPLt.) down-regulat.d immune responses against.bot. plat.let.associat.d and -independent.ant.gen challenges. Ut.lizing mult.spect.al phot.acoust.c t.mography, we t.acked dPLt.t.afficking t. gut.vasculat.re and an exclusive Kupffer cell-mediat.d dPLt.clearance in t.e liver, a process t.at.we ident.fied t. be synergist.cally dependent.on plat.let.glycoprot.in Ibα and hepat.c Ashwell–Morell recept.r. Mechanist.cally, Kupffer cell clearance of dPLt.pot.nt.at.d a syst.mic immunosuppressive st.t. wit. increased ant.-inflammat.ry cyt.kines and circulat.ng CD4+ regulat.ry t.cells, abolishable by Kupffer cell deplet.on. Last. in a clinically relevant.model of hemophilia A, presensit.zat.on wit. dPLt.at.enuat.d ant.-fact.r VIII ant.body product.on aft.r fact.r VIII ( infusion. As plat.let.desialylat.on commonly occurs in daily-aged and act.vat.d plat.let., t.ese findings open new avenues t.ward underst.nding immune homeost.sis and pot.nt.at. t.e t.erapeut.c pot.nt.al of dPLt.and engineered dPLt.t.ansfusions in cont.olling aut.immune and alloimmune diseases.

关键词： Plat.let t.ansfusion homeost.sis

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St.rylines of family medicine Ⅲ:core principles—primary care,syst.ms and family

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Family Medicine and Communit. Healt. 2024年第S3期12卷 23-32页

作者： William B Vent.es Leslie A St.ne t.mot.y A Joslin john W Sault. Sommer Aldulaimi Paul R Gordon john C Lane Eric R Lee Jacob Prunuske Limor Gildenblat. Michael H Friedman Colleen t.Fogart. Susan H McDaniel t.ssa Rohrberg Amy Odom Family and Prevent.ve Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA Family and Communit. Medicine University of Arizona Medical Center–South CampusTucsonArizonaUSA Family and Communit. Medicine University of Arizona Medical Center–University CampusTucsonArizonaUSA UAMS West.Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program Fort SmithArkansasUSA Medical College of Wisconsin–Cent.al Wisconsin Campus WausauWisconsinUSA Family and Communit. Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin–Central Wisconsin CampusWausauWisconsinUSA Family Medicine Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA Family Medicine Presence Saints Mary and Elizabeth Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA Family Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA Psychiat.y and Family Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA Family and Communit. Medicine University of Kansas School of Medicine-WichitaWichitaKansasUSA Sparrow/Michigan St.t. Universit. Family Medicine Residency Program LansingMichiganUSA

St.rylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part.series of t.emat.cally linked mini-essays wit. accompanying illust.at.ons t.at.explore t.e many dimensions of family medicine,as int.rpret.d by individual family physicians and medical educat.rs in t.e USA and elsewhere around t.e ***‘Ⅲ:core principles—primary care,syst.ms,and family’,aut.ors address t.e following t.emes:‘Cont.nuit. of care—building t.erapeut.c relat.onships over t.me’,‘Comprehensiveness—combining breadt. and dept. of scope’,‘Coordinat.on of care—managing mult.ple realit.es’,‘Access t. care—int.rsect.onal,syst.mic,and personal’,‘Syst.ms t.eory—a core value in pat.ent.cent.red care’,‘Family-orient.d pract.ce—support.ng pat.ent.’healt. and well-being’,‘Family physician as family member’and‘Family in t.e exam room’.May readers develop new underst.ndings from t.ese essays.

关键词： individual St.ryline principles

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t.e first.record of a Konservat.Lagerst.t.en in which early post.set.lement.st.ges of fossil archaeobalanids(Cirripedia:Balanomorpha)are preserved

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Int.grat.ve Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 200-223页

作者： t.máš KOCÍ Rok GAŠPARIC john BUCKERIDGE Mart.na KOCOVÁ VESELSKÁ Aleš ŠOSt.R Ivancická581 PragueCzech Republic Palaeont.logical Depart.ent Natural History MuseumNational MuseumPragueCzech Republic Oert.jdmuseum Bosscheweg 80Boxtel5293 WBThe Netherlands Inst.t.t. for Palaeobiology and Evolut.on Novi TrgKamnikSlovenia Eart. and Oceanic Syst.ms Group RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Museums Vict.ria CarltonVictoriaAustralia Depart.ent.of Paleobiology and Paleoecology Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Inst.t.t. of Geology and Palaeont.logy Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Facult. of Nat.ral Sciences and Engineering University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

A diverse sessile barnacle fauna from a Miocene shallow-wat.r deposit.at.Dolnja St.ra vas in Slovenia is *** includes t.e first.descript.ons of early post.set.lement.juveniles of Act.nobalanus sloveniensis at.ached t. mangrove *** represent.t.ree dist.nct.growt. phases,t.e earliest.being int.rpret.d as being less t.an 24 h post.set.lement.t.e ot.ers being 1 t. 2 days post.*** assessment.of t.eir t.phonomy is *** adult.balanomorphs are at.ached t. a variet. of organic subst.at.s,including mangrove leaves and branches,fragment. of t.e conifers?t.xodioxylon,Carapoxylon,pine cones,molluscs,and cet.cean *** barnacles include ***,Amphibalanus venust.s,and Perforat.s perforat.s—many wit. opercula ret.ined wit.in t.e *** ret.ins some of t.e original shell *** is t.e second record of barnacle–plant.associat.ons from t.e Cent.al Parat.t.ys from Kamnik and *** paleoecology and paleogeography of t.e sit. are discussed.

关键词： acorn barnacles barnacle met.morphosis epibiont paleoecology t.xonomy

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HVOF-sprayed HAp/S53P4 BG composit. coat.ngs on an AZ31 alloy for pot.nt.al applicat.ons in t.mporary implant.

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 345-360页

作者： Carlos A.Poblano-Salas john Henao Ast.id L.Giraldo-Bet.ncur Paola Forero-Sossa Diego German Espinosa-Arbelaez Jorge A.González-Sánchez Luis R.Dzib-Pérez Susana t.Est.ada-Moo Idelfonso E.Pech-Pech CIAt.Q A.C. Av.Manantiales 23-AParque Industrial Bernardo QuintanaEl MarquésQuerétaro 76246Mexico CONAHCYt.CIAt.Q A.C. Av.Manantiales 23-AParque Industrial Bernardo QuintanaEl MarquésQuerétaro 76246Mexico CONAHCYt.Cinvest.v Libramiento Norponiente#2000.Fraccionamiento Real de JuriquillaQuerétaro 76230Mexico Universidad t.cnológica de Querét.ro Av.Pie de la Cuesta N°2501Querétaro 76148Mexico CIDESI Av.Playa Pie de la Cuesta No 702Col.San PabloQuerétaro 76125Mexico Cent.r for Corrosion Research Autonomous University of CampecheAv.Héroe de Nacozari No.480P.C.24070San Francisco de CampecheCam.Mexico

Bioact.ve t.ermal spray coat.ngs produced via high-velocit. oxygen fuel spray(HVOF)from hydroxyapat.t.(HAp)and bioact.ve glasses(BG)have t.e pot.nt.al t. be employed on t.mporary implant. due t. t.e abilit. of bot. HAp and BG t. dissolve and promot. osseoint.grat.on,considering t.at.bot. phases have different.react.on and dissolut.on rat.s under in-vit.o *** t.e present.work,75%***-25%wt.S53P4 bioact.ve glass powders were HVOF-sprayed t. obt.in HAp/S53P4 BG composit. coat.ngs on a bioresorbable AZ31 *** st.dy is focused on exploring t.e effect.of t.e st.nd-off dist.nce and fuel/oxygen rat.o variat.on as HVOF paramet.rs t. obt.in st.ble st.uct.ral coat.ngs and t. est.blish t.eir effect.on t.e phases and microst.uct.re produced in t.ose *** charact.rizat.on t.chniques,such as scanning elect.on microscopy,X-ray diffract.on,and Fourier t.ansform infrared spect.oscopy,were employed t. charact.rize relevant.st.uct.ral and microst.uct.ral propert.es of t.e composit. *** result. showed t.at.t.ermal gradient. during coat.ng deposit.on must.be managed t. avoid delaminat.on due t. t.e high t.mperat.re achieved(max 550℃)and t.e differences in coefficient. of t.ermal *** was also found t.at.bot. spraying dist.nce and oxygen/fuel rat.o allowed t. keep t.e hydroxyapat.t. as t.e main phase in t.e *** addit.on,in-vit.o elect.ochemical st.dies were performed on t.e obt.ined HAp/S53P4 BG composit. coat.ngs and compared against.t.e uncoat.d AZ31 *** result. showed a significant.decrease in hydrogen evolut.on(at.least.98%)when t.e bioact.ve coat.ng was applied on t.e Mg alloy during evaluat.on in simulat.d body fluid(SBF).

关键词： Coat.ngs Composit.s t.ermal spray t.mporary implant. Hydrogen evolut.on

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Damage evolut.on of rock-encased-backfill st.uct.re under st.pwise cyclic t.iaxial loading

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geot.chnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 597-615页

作者： Xin Yu Yuye t.n Weidong Song john Kemeny Shengwen Qi Bowen Zheng Songfeng Guo Key Laborat.ry of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100089China Innovat.on Academy for Eart. Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100089China Universit. of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Key Laborat.ry of High-Efficient.Mining and Safet. of Met.l Mines(Minist.y of Educat.on of China) University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Depart.ent.of Mining and Geological Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ86721USA

Rock-encased-backfill(RB)st.uct.res are common in underground mining,for example in t.e cut.andfill and st.ping *** underst.nd t.e effect. of cyclic excavat.on and blast.ng act.vit.es on t.e damage of t.ese RB st.uct.res,a series of t.iaxial st.pwise-increasing-amplit.de cyclic loading experiment. was conduct.d wit. cylindrical RB specimens(rock on out.ide,backfill on inside)wit. different.volume fract.ons of rock(VF=0.48,0.61,0.73,and 0.84),confining pressures(0,6,9,and 12 MPa),and cyclic loading rat.s(200,300,400,and 500 N/s).t.e damage evolut.on and meso-crack format.on during t.e cyclic t.st. were analyzed wit. result. from st.ess-st.ain hyst.resis loops,acoust.c emission event.,and post.failure X-ray 3D fract.re *** result. showed significant.differences bet.een cyclic and monot.nic loadings of RB specimens,part.cularly wit. regard t. t.e generat.on of shear microcracks,t.e development.of st.ess memory and st.ain hardening,and t.e cont.ct.forces and associat.d frict.on t.at.develops along t.e rock-backfill *** import.nt.finding is t.at.as a funct.on of t.e number of cycles,t.e elast.c st.ain increases linearly and t.e dissipat.d energy increases ***,compared wit. monot.nic loading,t.e cyclic st.ain hardening charact.rist.cs are more sensit.ve t. rising confining pressures during t.e init.al compact.on *** finding is t.at.compared wit. monot.nic loading,more shear microcracks are generat.d during every reloading st.ge,but.t.ese microcracks t.nd t. be dispersed and lessen t.e likelihood of large shear fract.re *** t.ansit.on from elast.c t. plast.c behavior varies depending on t.e paramet.rs of each t.st.confinement.volume fract.on,and cyclic rat.),and an int.rest.ng finding was t.at.t.e t.ansformat.on t. plast.c behavior is significant.y lower under t.e condit.ons of 0.73 rock volume fract.on,400 N/s cyclic loading rat.,and 9 MPa *** t.e findings have import.nt.pract.cal implicat.ons on t

关键词： Rock and backfill t.iaxial cyclic loading Volume fract.on Damage evolut.on 3D visualizat.on

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