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Appendiceal mucocoeles and pseudomyxoma peritonei

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第16期13卷 2381-2384页

作者： Anupam Dixit john HP robertson Satvinder S Mudan Charles Akle Department Third Floor the London Clinic London W1G 6BW United Kingdom

Mucocoele of the appendix occurs when obstruction of the appendiceal lumen results in mucus accumulation and consequent abnormal dilatation. The most impor- tant aetiology, from a surgical perspective, is either mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. In the latter, a spontaneous or iatrogenic rupture of the mucocoele can lead to mucinous intraperitoneal ascites, a syndrome known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Optimal management of mucoceles is achieved through accurate preoperative identification and subsequent careful resection. We report two cases and subsequently discuss the clinical presentation of mucocoeles, their association with pseudomyxoma peritonei and an optimal management of both conditions.

关键词： Appendix Mucocele Pseudomyxoma peritonei Surgical treatment

Metals in New Zealand <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>(Wakame)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2014年第3期4卷 163-173页

作者： Leo Hau john robertson William Lindsey White Institute of Applied Ecology New Zealand School of Applied Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand

Undaria pinnatifida, Wakame is a popular edible seaweed in its native Asia and was first recorded in New Zealand in Wellington Harbor in 1987. It is classified as an unwanted species under the Biosecurity Act 1993, but there is growing interest in harvesting this seaweed for human consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of metals in U. pinnatifida from several locations (Marlborough Sounds and Wellington harbor) and across seasons. In brief, the highest monthly mean concentration of metals found in New Zealand wild U. pinnatifida was Ca (16.97g·kg-1), K (48.48 g·kg-1), Mg (9.47 g·kg-1), P (12.05 g·kg-1), Cr (1.04 mg·kg-1), Cu (3.78 mg·kg-1), Mn (14.61 mg·kg-1), Ni (2.78 mg·kg-1), Se (0.83 mg·kg-1), Zn (35.03 mg·kg-1), As (46.71 mg·kg-1), Cd (2.91 mg·kg-1), Hg (0.042 mg·kg-1) and Pb (0.31 mg·kg-1). These results showed that New Zealand U. pinnatifida is a good source of the nutritionally important minerals calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. They also contained trace amounts of minerals such as chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, selenium and zinc. Contaminants such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were found at very low, safe, levels.

关键词： Metals Undaria pinnatifida Wakame

Development of Model Fermented Fish Sausage from Marine Species: A Pilot Physicochemical Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 1229-1238页

作者： Sarim Khem Owen A. Young john D. robertson john D. Brooks School of Applied Sciences AUT University Auckland New Zealand School of Applied Sciences AUT University Auckland New Zealand.

Marine fish, hoki (Macruronus novaezealandiae), kahawai (Arripis trutta) and trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) were used to develop fermented fish models to emulate Asian examples. The formulations comprised ground fish, carbohydrate, garlic and salt, but no added culture. The carbohydrate was cooked rice or glucose. The mixtures were extruded into open-ended 50 mL plastic syringes, sealed and incubated at 30℃?for 96 h. The syringe piston was progressively advanced to yield test samples. The endogenous lactic acid bacteria were capable of fermenting glucose, but not cooked rice. After glucose fermentation, the treatments contained around 8.7 log cfu·g-1 (from 3.3) with the pH range of 4.38 to 5.08 (from around 6.3), depending on the species. Hardness, springiness and cohesiveness of treatments all increased with fermentation, except for hoki, which was subject to an endogenous proteolytic activity. Color development varied with species: light reflectance (L*) of the trevally and kahawai treatments increased, while the a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values were static. Hoki exhibited the least color changes except for yellowness, which increased markedly. Possible reasons for this are discussed. Proteolysis was greatest for trevally. Lipid oxidation was least for hoki, notably the species with the lowest fat content. The trevally treatment generated the highest concentration of amines, but values were lower than reported for fermented fish sausage in Asia, possibly because of raw material hygiene status. The physiochemical outcomes indicated that trevally (as pieces unsuited for sale as fillets) would be best suited to this food product class. Suitable species could be identified in other fisheries.

关键词： Marine Fish Lactic Fermentation Texture Sausage Biogenic Amines

Characterizing Thermal Augmentation of Convection-Enhanced Drug Delivery with the Fiberoptic Microneedle Device

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Engineering 2015年第3期1卷 344-350页

作者： R.Lyle Hood Rudy T.Andriani Tobias E.Ecker john L.robertson Christopher G.Rylander Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech School of Biomedical Engineering Virginia Tech Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas

Convection-enhanced delivery （CED） is a promising technique leveraging pressure-driven flow to increase penetration of infused drugs into interstitial spaces. We have developed a fiberoptic microneedle device for inducing local sub-lethal hyperthermia to further improve CED drug distribution volumes, and this study seeks to quantitatively characterize this approach in agarose tissue phantoms. Infusions of dye were conducted in 0.6% （w/w） agarose tissue phantoms with isothermal conditions at 15 ℃, 20℃, 25 ℃, and 30 ℃. Infusion metrics were quantified using a custom shadowgraphy setup and image- processing algorithm. These data were used to build an empirical predictive temporal model of distribution volume as a function of phantom temperature. A second set of proof- of-concept experiments was conducted to evaluate a novel fiberoptic device capable of generating local photothermal heating during fluid infusion. The isothermal infusions showed a positive correlation between temperature and distribution volume, with the volume at 30℃ showing a 7-fold increase at 100 min over the 15 ℃ isothermal case. Infusions during photothermal heating （1064 nm at 500 mW） showed a similar effect with a 3.5-fold increase at 4 h over the control （0 mW）. These results and analyses serve to provide insight into and characterization of heat-mediated enhancement of volumetric dispersal.

关键词： near-infrared laser thermochemotherapy agarose photothermal heating micro-catheter malignant glioma

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Investigation and mitigation of Mott neuronal oscillation fluctuation in spiking neural network

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 291-301页

作者： Lindong WU Zongwei WANG Lin BAO Linbo SHAN Zhizhen YU Yunfan YANG Shuangjie ZHANG Guandong BAI Cuimei WANG john robertson Yuan WANG Yimao CAI Ru HUANG School of Integrated Circuits Peking University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Engineering University of Cambridge

Mott devices, featuring low hardware cost and high energy efficiency, have been demonstrated as a key oscillatory element in artificial neurons to enable spiking neural networks(SNNs) such as conversionbased SNNs(CSNNs). However, there will be inevitably non-ideal fluctuation in the oscillation behavior,causing the accuracy degradation of networks. In this paper, we investigate the Mott neuronal oscillation fluctuation(NOF) through experiments and modeling. The results show that the NOF phenomenon conforms to Gaussian distribution and originates from thermal fluctuation induced switching voltage variations. We construct a two-layer CSNN for image recognition tasks to study the NOF effect and propose the activation function boundary(AFB) method to strengthen the stability of the network. The results indicate that AFB can improve the accuracy of CSNN by up to 15.5% by tightening output distribution.

关键词： Mott neuron oscillation fluctuation variation-aware Mott neuronal model conversion-based spiking neural network activation function boundary

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生产碳硼烷的工厂设计

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火炸药 1978年第4期 1-17页

作者： C.W.Huskins john C.robertson.Jr Niles C.White 张杏芬李顺生美陆军导弹研究发展和工程试验室 204所

这项工作的目的是作出初步设计和作出年产三万磅正烷基碳硼烷工厂的产品成本估算。初步设计的基础是试验数据和 ZIP 以及 HEF 工程提出的工厂设计数据。设计的基础是第一阶段产量为85%的二硼烷,第二阶段产量为55%的癸硼烷和第三阶段产量... 详细信息

这项工作的目的是作出初步设计和作出年产三万磅正烷基碳硼烷工厂的产品成本估算。初步设计的基础是试验数据和 ZIP 以及 HEF 工程提出的工厂设计数据。设计的基础是第一阶段产量为85%的二硼烷,第二阶段产量为55%的癸硼烷和第三阶段产量为40%NHC。如果政府选择和开设这种工厂,那么这个初步设计可以成为一种可行的工艺而且能作为详细设计的基础。

关键词：二硼烷硼氢化钠癸硼烷碳硼烷工厂设计

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支持开放教育资源项目的方法

开放教育研究 2010年第4期16卷 52-58页

作者：约翰·罗比森希拉·麦克尼尔菲尔·巴克洛娜·坎贝尔袁莉斯特拉思克莱德大学学术实践和学习促进中心英国赫瑞瓦特大学基于计算机的学习研究所英国博尔顿大学教育控制论研究和应用学院英国

本文考察了英国教育技术互用性标准中心(CETIS)通过支持国家项目(即英国联合信息系统委员会(JISC)和高等教育委员会的英国开放教育资源试点项目,详见http://***/oer),以促进发布开放教育资源方面的经验,并探索了如何让我们的支持模式对... 详细信息

本文考察了英国教育技术互用性标准中心(CETIS)通过支持国家项目(即英国联合信息系统委员会(JISC)和高等教育委员会的英国开放教育资源试点项目,详见http://***/oer),以促进发布开放教育资源方面的经验,并探索了如何让我们的支持模式对其他相关项目有所启发,并能改编用于鼓励开放课件运动的可持续性技术支持网络。作为一个涵盖英国众多大学的国家层面的创新举措,众多开放教育资源提供者参与了英国开放教育资源(UKOER),这包括个别教育者、学科联合体和机构。考虑到这种多样性,从一开始我们就意识到没有任何一种技术解决方案能适合所有的项目。因此,也没有委托专门的工具、描述性标准、交流或分发机制(除要求所有制作的资源应该放在国家学习资源库中外,详见http://***)。为了支持这一项目,我们引导采取不同的方法和形成不同的社群,也许在支持发布开放教育资源方面,任何类似的跨机构创新都将会面临相似的问题。我们的项目支持方法已从具体的细节问题发展到提供基本的支持原则,从而预测其他问题,并推动最佳实践。我们的做法是:通过会议上的技术汇报和讨论机会,以及在博客上发帖,激发讨论;通过技术评论讨论,并记录针对这些公布在网上的讨论的总结性内容,从而调查个别项目的技术选择;针对通过以上方式所发现的问题,以及项目博客上凸显的问题,做出相应的反馈。考虑到如何使这一方法在更广泛的范围内应用,我们也反思了这种公开的工作模式所面临的挑战、这一方法的开支、适应性,以及我们所认为的其在支持开放教育资源管理和传播方面所扮演的角色。

关键词：英国开放教育资源项目支持开放教育资源社群

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一个标准能适合所有的项目吗：开放教育的选择(英文)

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开放教育研究 2010年第5期16卷 59-66页

作者：约翰·罗比森洛娜·坎贝尔菲尔·巴克袁莉希拉·麦克尼尔斯特拉思克莱德大学学术实践和学习促进中心英国赫瑞瓦特大学基于计算机的学习研究所英国博尔顿大学教育控制论研究和应用学院英国

基于支持全英开放教育资源项目(英国开放教育资源项目,简称UKOER项目)的经验,本文将探讨该项目开展过程中所涌现出的各种不同的开放教育资源描述方法,及其对资源共享、工作流程计划、资源聚集观的影响。由于UKOUER项目包括个人层面的项... 详细信息

基于支持全英开放教育资源项目(英国开放教育资源项目,简称UKOER项目)的经验,本文将探讨该项目开展过程中所涌现出的各种不同的开放教育资源描述方法,及其对资源共享、工作流程计划、资源聚集观的影响。由于UKOUER项目包括个人层面的项目、学科层面的项目和院校层面的项目,而这三种类型的项目又有各自不同的特点,显然难以用一种技术或者描述性的解决方案来适合所有的项目。因此,目前这些项目只提供有限的描述性信息,包括项目标签、作者、题目、日期、链接地址、文件格式、文件大小、权限,以及一些附加信息,包括语言、学科分类、关键词、标签、评论和描述。所有项目可以自由选择编码、存储和分享上述信息的方法。本文通过大量的例证介绍了项目的描述方法,其中还包括工作流程和所作出的尝试。我们将考虑所选择的工具(资源库、Web2.0应用、虚拟学习环境)与标准选择的关系,以及本地需求和更广泛社区需求之间的关系。我们会考虑这些选择对资源传播和发现的影响,例如,资源描述对大量开放教育资源的发现服务的影响。

关键词：开放教育资源 UKOER 资源描述元数据内容打包资源库 Web2.0 资源管理

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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Scotland 2000-2010: Improved outcomes but a significant weekend effect

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10890-10897页

作者： Asma Ahmed Matthew Armstrong Ishbel robertson Allan john Morris Oliver Blatchford Adrian J Stanley GI Unit Glasgow Royal InfirmaryG4 0SF GlasgowUnited Kingdom ISD Scotland G2 6QE GlasgowUnited Kingdom Health Protection Scotland G2 6QE GlasgowUnited Kingdom

AIM: To assess numbers and case fatality of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB),effects of deprivation and whether weekend presentation affected ***: Data was obtained from Information Services Division(ISD) Scotland and National Records of Scotland(NRS) death records for a ten year period between 2000-2001 and 2009-2010. We obtained data from the ISD Scottish Morbidity Records(SMR01) database which holds data on inpatient and daycase hospital discharges from non-obstetric and nonpsychiatric hospitals in Scotland. The mortality data was obtained from NRS and linked with the ISD SMR01 database to obtain 30-d case fatality. We used 23 ICD-10(International Classification of diseases) codes which identify UGIB to interrogate database. We analysed these data for trends in number of hospital admissions with UGIB,30-d mortality over time and assessed effects of social deprivation. We compared weekend and weekday admissions for differences in 30-d mortality and length of hospital stay. We determined comorbidities for each admission to establish if comorbidities contributed to patient outcome. RESULTS: A total of 60643 Scottish residents were admitted with UGIH during January,2000 and October,2009. There was no significant change in annual number of admissions over time,but there was a statistically significant reduction in 30-d case fatality from 10.3% to 8.8%(P < 0.001) over these 10 years. Number of admissions with UGIB was higher for the patients from most deprived category(P < 0.05),although case fatality was higher for the patients from the least deprived category(P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in this trend between 2000/01-2009/10. Patients admitted with UGIB at weekends had higher 30-d case fatality compared with those admitted on weekdays(P < 0.001). Thirty day mortality remained significantly higher for patients admitted with UGIB at weekends after adjusting for comorbidities. Length of hospital stay was also h

关键词： Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage Mortality Endoscopy L