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Bile acid signaling and bariatric surgery

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Liver Research 2017年第4期1卷 208-213页

作者： Jingyan Tian Silvia Huang Siming Sun Lili ding Eryun Zhang Yanjun Liu Wendong Huang National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCAUSA Eugene Robert Summer Program City of HopeDuarteCAUSA Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and the Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina

The rapid worldwide rise in obesity rates over the past few decades imposes an urgent need to develop effective strategies for treating obesity and associated metabolic *** surgical procedures,such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)and vertical sleeve gastrectomy(VSG),currently provide the most effective treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D),as well as for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).However,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery remain *** studies have identified bile acids as potential signaling molecules involved in the beneficial effects of bariatric *** review focuses on the most recent studies on the roles of bile acids and bile acid receptors Farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 5(TGR5)in bariatric *** also discuss the possibility of modulating bile acid signaling as a pharmacological therapeutic approach to treating obesity and its associated metabolic complications.

关键词： Bile acid(BA) Bariatric surgery Farnesoid X receptor(FXR) G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5) Microbiota

Silencing of LRP1 exacerbates inflammatory response via TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways in APP/PS1 transgenic mice

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Silencing of LRP1 exacerbates inflammatory response via TLR4...

Low-dose metformin treatment in the subacute phase improves the locomotor function of a mouse model of spinal cord injury

中国解剖学会2021年年会

作者： He Yingying Ruganzu john Bosco Peng Xiaoqian Zheng Quzhao ding Bo Jin Hui Yang Weina Department of Human Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center

Activation of glial cells(including microglia and astrocytes) appears central to the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 ...

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2234-2242页

作者： Wen-Ye Song Han ding Tiffany Dunn Jun-Ling Gao Javier Allende Labastida Caitlin Schlagal Guang-Zhi Ning Shi-Qing Feng Ping Wu Department of Neuroscience Cell Biology&AnatomyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonGalvestonTXUSA Department of Orthopedics Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

Metformin,a first-line drug for type-2 diabetes,has been shown to improve locomotor recovery after spinal cord ***,there are studies reporting no beneficial ***,we found that high dose of metformin(200 mg/kg,intraperitoneal)and acute phase administration(immediately after injury)led to increased mortality and limited locomotor function ***,we used a lower dose(100 mg/kg,i.p.)metformin in mice,and compared the effect of immediate administration after spinal cord injury(acute phase)with that of administration at 3 days post-injury(subacute phase).Our data showed that metformin treatment starting at the subacute phase significantly improved mouse locomotor function evaluated by Basso Mouse Scale(BMS)*** studies also revealed significant inhibitions of microglia/macrophage activation and astrogliosis at the lesion ***,metformin treatment at the subacute phase reduced neutrophil *** changes were in parallel with the increased survival rate of spinal neurons in animals treated with *** findings suggest that low-dose metformin treatment for subacute spinal cord injury can effectively improve the functional recovery possibly through anti-inflammation and *** study was approved by the Institute Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Texas Medical Branch(approval No.1008041C)in 2010.

关键词： inflammation locomotor function metformin microglia mortality neuroprotection spinal cord injury subacute administration

Torque and Topology of Braided DNAs under Tension

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医用生物力学 2019年第A1期34卷 173-173页

作者： Yang Liu Sumitabha Brahmachari Ke ding Huiling Bai Bo Tan john FMarko Botao Xiao School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL60208USA School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Department of Molecular Biosciences Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL60208

Double helix DNAs become intertwined around one another during replication and *** we used magnetic tweezers to make braided DNA molecules and measured their torques under various catenations(Ca)at forces ranging from 0.3 to 8 *** of braided DNA constructs under tensions were captured by scanning electron microscopy which showed major and minor grooves of DNAs and plectonemes of the *** the two DNA molecules were braided,the extension decreased as the catenation increased from 0 to 50 *** used a thermodynamic Maxwell relation to deduce the torque by integrating the change in the braid extension as a function of the *** torque increased with the catenation,force and intertether distance until the catenation reached a buckling *** the condition of 2 pN force and Ca=20,the torque was computed to be 31,21 and 15 pN nm for the braids of which the intertether distances were 54%,31%and 26%of the DNA contour length,*** an 8.03 pN holding force,the torque was computed to be 76 pN nm as the catenation increased from 0 to 30 turns,or as the catenation density varied from 0 to *** torque reached a plateau when the catenation increased above 20,indicating formation of *** twist modulus increased with the catenation prior to reaching a *** reaching the peak,the moduli were higher than those of a single twisted DNA under the same catenation and applied *** experimental data agrees well with the calculation results by a recently developed semiflexible polymer *** measurements of the nonlinear torque of the braid establish new fundamental properties of DNA intertwining,which is key to understanding DNA replication and gene *** speaker will also introduce briefly other projects in the Xiao group including direct measurements of theforce spectrum of single unlabeled proteins such as adhesive nano-fibers for biofilm,the screening of integrin-targeted peptides drugs by sing

关键词： DNA Torque and Topology of Braided DNAs under Tension

The Effects of Adiponectin on Bone Metabolism

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第9期7卷 621-630页

作者： Yuan Yu Lin Ching Yi Chen Chih Chien Chen Han Jen Lin Harry john Mersmann Shinn Chih Wu Shih Torng ding Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University Taiwan

Osteoporosis and its related bone fractures are growing medical problems, especially in industrial countries, and thus the knowledge of regulation of bone metabolism is critical to develop therapeutic approaches. Bone adipocytes share common mesenchymal precursors with osteoblasts and chondrocytes and their numbers in bone marrow are altered in various pathophysiological conditions. Several findings suggest that accelerated adipogenesis in bone marrow, known as fatty marrow, is associated with the progression of osteoporosis. Apart from its demonstrated anti-atherosclerogenic and insulin-sensitizing actions, the adipokine adiponectin and its receptors have been shown to be expressed in bone tissues and participate in bone metabolism. Here we review recent findings regarding the regulation of bone metabolism by adiponectin and its receptors and the underlying mechanisms. We also provide future perspectives for research.

关键词： Adiponectin Mesenchymal Stem Cells Bone and Osteoporosis

Inhibition of immune checkpoints prevents injury-induced heterotopic ossification

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Bone Research 2019年第4期7卷 437-444页

作者： Chen Kan Jiazhao Yang ding Na Yuanhong Xu Baixia Yang Haodong Zhao Huadong Lu Yuyun Li Keqin Zhang Tammy LMcGuire john AKessler Lixin Kan School of Basic Medical Sciences Anhui Medical University81 Meishan Road230032 HefeiAnhuiChina Department of Traumatic Orthopedics Anhui Provincial HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology233000 HefeiAnhuiChina Department of Clinical Laboratory the First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina Department of Emergency the First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical University230000 HefeiAnhuiChina Emergency Medicine Center Anhui Provincial HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina Department of Medical Laboratory Science Bengbu Medical College2600 Donghai AvenueLongzihu233030 BengbuAnhuiChina Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Neurology Northwestern UniversityWard Building 10-233303 East Chicago AvenueChicagoIL 60611-3008USA

Heterotopic ossification(HO),true bone formation in soft tissue,is closely associated with abnormal injury/immune *** hypothesized that a key underlying mechanism of HO might be injury-induced dysregulation of immune checkpoint proteins(ICs).We found that the earliest stages of HO are characterized by enhanced infiltration of polarized macrophages into sites of minor injuries in an animal model of *** non-specific immune suppressants,Rapamycin and Ebselen,prevented HO providing evidence of the central role of the immune *** examined the expression pattern of ICs and found that they are dysregulated in HO *** importantly,loss of function of inhibitory ICs(including PD1,PD-L1,and CD152)markedly inhibited HO,whereas loss of function of stimulatory ICs(including CD40L and OX-40L)facilitated *** findings suggest that IC inhibitors may provide a therapeutic approach to prevent or limit the extent of HO.

关键词： PD1 injuries inhibited

Adaptive Air-Fuel Ratio Control with MLP Network

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2005年第2期2卷 125-133页

作者： Shi-Wei Wang ding-Li Yu Control Systems Research Group School of Engineering Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK

This paper presents an application of adaptive neural network model-based predictive control (MPC) to the air-fuel ratio of an engine simulation. A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network is trained using two on-line training algorithms: a back propagation algorithm and a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm. It is used to model parameter uncertainties in the nonlinear dynamics of internal combustion (IC) engines. Based on the adaptive model, an MPC strategy for controlling air-fuel ratio is realized, and its control performance compared with that of a traditional PI controller. A reduced Hessian method, a newly developed sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method for solving nonlinear programming (NLP) problems, is implemented to speed up nonlinear optimization in the MPC. Keywords Air-fuel ratio control - IC engine - adaptive neural networks - nonlinear programming - model predictive control Shi-Wei Wang PhD student, Liverpool john Moores University; MSc in Control Systems, University of Sheffield, 2003; BEng in Automatic Technology, Jilin University, 2000; Current research interests automotive engine control, model predictive control, sliding mode control, neural networks.ding-Li Yu obtained *** from Harbin Civil Engineering College, Harbin, China in 1981, *** from Jilin University of Technology, Changchun, China in 1986 and PhD from Coventry University, U.K. in 1995, all in control engineering. He is currently a Reader in Process Control at Liverpool john Moores University, U.K. His current research interests are in process control, engine control, fault detection and adaptive neural nets. He is a member of SAFEPROCESS TC in IFAC and an associate editor of the IJMIC and the IJISS.

关键词： Air-fuel ratio control IC engine adaptive neural networks nonlinear programming model predictive control

Rice In Vivo RNA Structurome Reveals RNA Secondary Structure Conservation and Divergence in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2018年第4期11卷 607-622页

作者： Hongjing Deng Jitender Cheema Hang Zhang Hugh Woolfenden Matthew Norris Zhenshan Liu Qi Liu Xiaofei Yang Minglei Yang Xian Deng Xiaofeng Cao Yiliang ding State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Cell and Developmental Biology John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK Department of Computational and Systems Biology John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS) John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK

RNA secondary structure plays a critical role in gene regulation. Rice （Oryza sativa） is one of the most important food crops in the world. However, RNA structure in rice has scarcely been studied. Here, we have successfully generated in vivo Structure-seq libraries in rice. We found that the structural flexibility of mRNAs might associate with the dynamics of biological function. Higher N6-methyladenosine （mSA） modification tends to have less RNA structure in 3＇ UTR, whereas GC content does not significantly affect in vivo mRNA structure to maintain efficient biological processes such as translation. Comparative analysis of RNA structurome between rice and Arabidopsis revealed that higher GC content does not lead to stronger structure and less RNA structural flexibility. Moreover, we found a weak correlation between sequence and structure conservation of the orthologs between rice and Arabidopsis. The conservation and divergence of both sequence and in vivo RNA structure corresponds to diverse and specific biological processes. Our results indicate that RNA secondary structure might offer a separate layer of selection to the sequence between monocot and dicot. Therefore, our study implies that RNA structure evolves differently in various biological processes to maintain robustness in development and adaptational flexibility during angiosperm evolution.

关键词： RNA secondary structure Structure-seq Oryza sativa GC content orthologs

Notoginsenoside Ft1 acts as a TGR5 agonist but FXR antagonist to alleviate high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第6期11卷 1541-1554页

作者： Lili ding Qiaoling Yang Eryun Zhang Yangmeng Wang Siming Sun Yingbo Yang Tong Tian Zhengcai Ju Linshan Jiang Xunjiang Wang Zhengtao Wang Wendong Huang Li Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescriptions and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism Diabetes and Metabolism Research InstituteBeckman Research InstituteCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA Department of Pharmacy Shanghai Children's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200040China Graduate School of Biological Science City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Lianyungang 222001China

Obesity and its associated complications are highly related to a current public health crisis around the world.A growing body of evidence has indicated that G-protein coupled bile acid(BA) receptor TGR5(also known as Gpbar-1) is a potential drug target to treat obesity and associated metabolic *** have identified notoginsenoside Ftl(Ftl) from Panax notoginseng as an agonist of TGR5 in ***,the pharmacological effects of Ftl on diet-induced obese(DIO) mice and the underlying mechanisms are still *** we show that Ftl(100 mg/100 diet) increased adipose lipolysis,promoted fat browning in inguinal adipose tissue and induced glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) secretion in the ileum of wild type but not Tgr5^(-/-) obese *** addition,Ftl elevated serum free and taurineconjugated bile acids(BAs) by antagonizing Fxr transcriptional activities in the ileum to activate Tgr5 in the adipose *** metabolic benefits of Ftl were abolished in Cyp27 al^(-/-) mice which have much lower BA *** results identify Ftl as a single compound with opposite activities on two key BA receptors to alleviate high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice.

关键词： Notoginsenoside Ft1 Obesity Insulin resistance Bile acids TGR5 FXR GLP-1 Metabolic disorders