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Saving wild tigers:A case study in biodiversity loss and challenges to be met for recovery beyond 2010

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 285-299页

作者： john SEIDENSTICKER Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological ParkWashingtonDCUSA

Wild tigers are being *** range countries and their partners met at the 1st Asian Ministerial Conference on Tiger Conservation in January 2010 to mandate the creation of the global Tiger Recovery Program to double the number of tigers by *** 3200-3600 wild adult tigers remain,approximately half of the population estimated a decade *** now live in only 13 countries,all of which are experiencing severe environmental challenges and degradation from the effects of human population growth,brisk economic expansion,rapid urbanization,massive infrastructure development and climate *** overarching challenge of tiger conservation,and the conservation of biodiversity generally,is that there is insufficient demand for the survival of wild tigers living in natural *** allows the criminal activities of poaching wild tigers and their prey and trafficking in tiger derivatives to flourish and tiger landscapes to be *** global Tiger Recovery Program will support scaling up of practices already proven effective in one or more tiger range countries that need wider policy support,usually resources,and new transnational actions that enhance the effectiveness of individual country *** program is built on robust National Tiger Recovery Priorities that are grouped into themes:(i)strengthening policies that protect tigers;(ii)protecting tiger conservation landscapes;(iii)scientific management and monitoring;(iv)engaging communities;(v)cooperative management of international tiger landscapes;(vi)eliminating transnational illegal wildlife trade;(vii)persuading people to stop consuming tiger;(viii)enhancing professional capacity of policy-makers and practitioners;and(ix)developing sustainable,long-term financing mechanisms for tiger and biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Asia biodiversity global Tiger Recovery Program Panthera tigris Tiger Conservation Landscape

The molecular conformation of silk fibroin regulates osteogenic cell behavior by modulating the stability of the adsorbed protein-material interface

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Bone Research 2021年第2期9卷 188-199页

作者： Yanlin Long Xian Cheng john A.Jansen Sander g.C.Leeuwenburgh Jing Mao Fang Yang Lili Chen Department of Stomatology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022China Department of Dentistry–Biomaterials Radboud University Medical CenterPhilips van Leydenlaan 256525 EX NijmegenThe Netherlands Center of Stomatology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Silk fibroin(SF)can be used to construct various stiff material interfaces to support bone *** essential preparatory step is to partially transform SF molecules from random coils toβ-sheets to render the material water ***,the influence of the SF conformation on osteogenic cell behavior at the material interface remains ***,three stiff SF substrates were prepared by varying theβ-sheet content(high,medium,and low).The substrates had a comparable chemical composition,surface topography,and *** adsorbed fibronectin was used as a model cellular adhesive protein,the stability of the adsorbed protein-material interface,in terms of the surface stability of the SF substrates and the accompanying fibronectin detachment resistance,increased with the increasingβ-sheet content of the SF ***,(i)larger areas of cytoskeleton-associated focal adhesions,(ii)higher orders of cytoskeletal organization and(iii)more elongated cell spreading were observed for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)cultured on SF substrates with high ***β-sheet contents,along with enhanced nuclear translocation and activation of YAP/TAZ and ***,osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was stimulated on highβ-sheet *** results indicated that theβ-sheet content influences osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on SF materials in vitro by modulating the stability of the adsorbed protein-material interface,which proceeds via protein-focal adhesion-cytoskeleton links and subsequent intracellular *** findings emphasize the role of the stability of the adsorbed protein-material interface in cellular mechanotransduction and the perception of stiff SF substrates with differentβ-sheet contents,which should not be overlooked when engineering stiff biomaterials.

关键词： interface stability adsorbed

Spin Polaron in a Diluted Parabolic Magnetic Quantum Well

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第4期53卷 782-786页

作者： A.john Peter Department of Physics Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Zhejiang University

Theoretical investigations of spin polaron in a quantum well in the spin doping superlattice systems Cd1-xinMnxinTe/Cd1-xMnxout Te are presented in this paper. A variational procedure within the effective mass approximation is employed in the presence of magnetic field to calculate the donor ionization energy. Spin polaronic shifts are estimated using a mean field theory. The results show that the donor binding energy （i） Increases with the reduction in well sizes （ii） Decreases with the magnetic field is increased for a given well width （ill） Increases to a maximum value at 90 A and then decreases as the size of the well increases beyond 90 A and （iv） Spin polaronic shifts to the donor binding energy not only decrease in a magnetic field but also with the well width. The results are compared with the existing available literature.

关键词： spin polaron donor binding quantum dot semimagnetic system

Human-tiger conflict:A review and call for comprehensive plans

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 300-312页

作者： john M.gOODRICH Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkNYUSA

Human-tiger(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)conflicts(HTC),manifested primarily as attacks on people and domestic animals,exacerbate at least 2 major threats to tigers:(i)conflicts often result in mortality or removal of tigers from the wild;and(ii)they result in negative attitudes towards tigers by local people,thereby reducing support for tiger *** HTC has decreased over the past century,it will likely increase if current and proposed conservation initiatives to double tiger populations are *** HTC could undermine successful conservation initiatives if proactive steps are not taken to reduce *** present paper provides a review of the impacts of HTC and the measures taken to reduce it in ways that reduce negative impacts on both humans and tigers,and stresses the need for development and implementation of comprehensive plans to reduce HTC.

关键词： carnivore depredation human-tiger conflict Panthera tigris tiger

Hydrogenic Donor in a Spherical Quantum Dot with Different Confinements

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第8期26卷 309-312页

作者： A. john Peter K. Navaneethakrishnan govt. Arts College Melur-625 106 Madurad India Madurai Kamaraj-University Madurai-625 021 India

Binding energies of a hydrogenic donor in a spherical gaAs quantum dot surrounded by ga1-xA4xAs matrix are calculated. The results are presented for realistie barrier heights corresponding to different values of x （x 〈 0.4）. The calculations are performed under two different conditions：（i） a spherical dot with square well confinement and （ii） a dot with parabolic potential well confinement. The results show that （i） the donor ionization energies are always higher under parabolic confinement as compared to a dot of the same radius under square well confinement and （ii） the oscillator strengths coupling ground state with excited states are two orders larger under parabolic confinement. Our results are in agreement with the results of other researchers.

关键词： ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes QUANTUM dots BINDINg energy OSCILLATOR strengths PLASMA confinement QUANTUM wells gALLIUM arsenide semiconductors

Photo-Induced Electron Spin Polarization in a Narrow Band gap Semiconductor Nanostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第11期29卷 186-190页

作者： A.john Peter Chang Woo Lee Department of Chemical Engineering and green Energy Center College of EngineeringKyung Hee University1 SeochunGihungYonginGyeonggi 446-701S.Korea

Photo-induced spin dependent electron transmission through a narrow gap InSb/Inga_(x)Sb_(1-x) semiconductor symmetric well is theoretically studied using transfer matrix *** transparency of electron transmission is calculated as a function of electron energy for different concentrations of *** spin-polarized photon assisted resonant tunnelling in the heterostructure due to Dresselhaus and Rashba spin-orbit coupling induced splitting of the resonant level and compressed spin-polarization are *** results show that Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling is dominant for the photon effect and the computed polarization efficiency increases with the photon effect and the gallium concentration.

关键词： polarization resonant photon

Energy gap Dependence on Mn Content in a Diluted Magnetic Quantum Dot

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第4期28卷 201-204页

作者： P.Nalini A.john Peter Department of Physics Yadava College Govindarajan CampusThiruppalaiMadurai-625014India Department of Physics Govt.Arts and Science CollegeMelur-625106MaduraiIndia

Positively charged donor exciton binding energy is computed as a function of quantum-dot size within the single band effective mass approximation for different Mn contents in Cd_(1)−x_(𝑥in)Mn_(x𝑥in)Te/Cd_(1−xout)𝑥outMn_(xout)𝑥*** exciton bound polaron is computed for 0≤x𝑥≤0.08,on the Mn mole *** determine the energy gap using the mean field approximation and incorporate the exchange interaction between the carrier and the magnetic *** interband emission energy is studied with the height and radius of the cylindrical quantum ***-band anisotropy is included in our theoretical model using different hole masses in different spatial *** polaronic shifts as functions of quantum-dot radius and Mn concentration are estimated using the mean field *** is found that(i)the energy gap depends on the Mn mole fraction,(ii)it increases linearly with an increase in Mn content,and(iii)the effect is more pronounced for a narrow dot,showing the quantum size *** results are in good agreement with other recently published reports.

关键词： theory quantum radius

Alignment of the hindfoot following total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第10期12卷 791-801页

作者： James J Butler Nathaniel P Mercer Eoghan T Hurley Mohammad T Azam john g Kennedy Department of Orthopedic Surgery Royal College Surgeons in IrelandDublin 18Ireland Department of Orthopedic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States

BACKgROUND There appears to be a close relationship between deformities at the knee joint and at the hindfoot in patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA).Despite this intrinsic link,there is a dearth of studies investigating alterations in hindfoot alignment following total knee arthroplasty(TKA)in patients with knee *** To evaluate changes in alignment of the hindfoot following TKA,foot and ankle clinical outcomes in terms of subjective clinical scoring tools following surgical intervention,and to analyse the level of evidence(LOE)and quality of evidence(QOE)of the included *** MEDLINE,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** reporting changes in the postoperative alignment of the hindfoot following TKA were *** level and QOE were recorded and *** Eleven studies with a total of 1142 patients(1358 knees)met the inclusion/exclusion *** studies were of LOE ii and 5 studies were of LOE *** with preoperative varus knee deformity and valgus hindfoot deformity demonstrated improvement in hindfoot alignment post *** with preoperative varus knee deformity and varus hindfoot deformity demonstrated no improvement in hindfoot alignment following *** different radiographic parameters were used to measure the alignment of the hindfoot across the included studies,with the tibio-calcaneal angle most frequently utilised(27.3%).CONCLUSION This systematic review demonstrated that the hindfoot may display compensatory changes in alignment following TKA in patients with knee ***,the marked heterogeneity between the included studies and poor QOE limits any meaningful cross sectional comparisons between ***,well designed studies are necessary to determine the changes and outcomes of hindfoot alignment following TKA.

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Hindfoot alignment Hindfoot Knee osteoarthritis Varus knee deformity Valgus hindfoot deformity

Quality Appraisal of Clinical guidelines in Obstetrics and gynecology in India

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and gynecology 2019年第10期9卷 1419-1428页

作者： A. g. Radhika Denny john Consultant Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Delhi India Evidence Synthesis Specialist Campbell South Asia New Delhi India Adjunct Scientist ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics New Delhi India.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines are important for standard of care. This study was undertaken to assess the quality of Obstetrics and gynecology guidelines in India. Objective Systematic appraisal of clinical practice guidelines (CPg) in obstetrics and gynecology in India uses Appraisal of guidelines for Research and Evaluation ii (AgREE ii) instrument. Methods: All reported Indian guidelines in obstetrics and gynecology from 1st Jan. 2000 to 1st April 2018 were identified and subjected to inclusion using 3-point assessment criteria (relevance, clarity of intervention/outcome, and appropriate use of healthcare resources) using WHO AgREE-ii instrument. Separate scores for the mean item, domain, and standardized were calculated by averaging the scores across two appraisers. Results & Discussion: Of 47 Clinical Practice guidelines in Obstetrics and gynecology (CPg) from India, 8 met the inclusion criteria. These were assessed using AgREE ii checklist. Overall scores ranged from 8% to 22% (median 5%). No guideline received “Yes” for clinical use by either of the appraisers. Scores for scope and purpose and clarity were high but were very low for all the other domains. Only 1 review had identified cost as one of the focus areas as part of the guideline. Conclusion: Though being clinically relevant the clinical practice guidelines related to obstetrics and gynecology in India score poorly. There is a need for sensitization and capacity building of clinicians and public health professionals on the development of CPg related to obstetrics and gynecology in India.

关键词： Quality Improvement Implementation Healthcare Evidence-Based Practice AgREE ii Tool