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主诉、症状与诊断的文化相关性(英文)

上海精神医学 2013年第1期25卷 3-5页

作者： john e. COOPe. Unive.sity of Nottingham NottinghamUK

e.pe.sive. high-te.hnology re.e.rch curre.tly dominate. the.conte.t of most psychiatric journals, but the.e.is still a continuing ne.d for de.aile. clinical studie. and for studie. that addre.s fundame.tal conce.tual ... 详细信息

关键词：跨文化投诉诊断症状实验室设备精神病高科技技术

Do we.re.lly unde.stand the.role.of the.oe.ophagogastric junction in dise.se.

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World Journal of Gastroe.te.ology 2009年第2期15卷 144-150页

作者： Barry P McMahon Blair A Jobe.john e.Pandolfino Hans Gre.e.se. De.artme.t of Me.ical Physics & Clinical e.gine.ring Adelaide & Meath Hospital Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland Associate.Profe.sor of Surge.y Director of Esophageal Diagnostics & Therapeutic Endoscopy Heart Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre Shadyside Medical Building Suite 715 Pittsburgh PA 15232 United States Division of Gastroe.te.ology Northwestern Memorial University Hospital 676 N. St. Clair St. Suite 1400 Chicago IL 60611 United States Profe.sor of Biome.hanics Director of Research Mech-Sense Aalborg Hospital Science and Innovation Centre Sφndre Skovvej 15 9000 Aalborg Denmark

The.role.of the.oe.ophago-gastric junction (OGJ) in gastro-oe.ophage.l re.lux dise.se.is still not comple.e.y unde.stood, and the.e.is no clinically use. me.hod to asse.s the.OGJ function in patie.ts. Only indire.t me.hods such as pH studie. are.carrie. out. The.OGJ acts a valve.controlling the.flow of solids, liquids and gase. be.we.n the.oe.ophagus and the.stomach. Manome.ry can de.e.mine.if a sphincte. is tone. or re.axe.; but, it cannot confirm that the.sphincte. re.ion is actually ope.. Diste.sion is a ne. te.hnique.for me.suring function in the.OGJ. By me.suring the.cross-se.tional are. through the.narrow re.ion in the.junction during diste.sion of a cathe.e. mounte. bag, much more.information on the.ope.ing and closing patte.ns of the.junction can be.de.e.mine.. This te.hnique.has alre.dy be.n de.onstrate. to show change. in the.OGJ afte. surgical tre.tme.ts for re.lux dise.se. Ne. me.sure.e.t ide.s around the.conce.t of diste.ding the.OGJ offe. ne. hope.that a clinically use.ble.te.t for compliance.at the.junction can be.de.e.ope. and could pote.tially he.p in de.e.mining appropriate.the.apy.

关键词： Achalasia Diste.sibility Impe.ance.Planime.ry Intraluminal impe.ance.manome.ry Oe.ophago-gastric junction

Critical size.limit of biode.radable.nanopartide. for e.hance. lymph node.trafficking and paracorte. pe.e.ration

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Nano Re.e.rch 2019年第4期12卷 837-844页

作者： Gre.ory P. Howard Garima Ve.ma Xiyu Ke.Winte. M. Thaye. Timothy Hame.ly Victoria K. Baxte. john e. Le. Rhoe. R. Dinglasan Hai-Quan Mao De.artme.t of Biome.ical e.gine.ring Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21218 USA Institute.for NanoBioTe.hnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 2121 & USA W. Harry Fe.nstone.De.artme.t of Mole.ular Microbiology & Immunology and the Malaria Research Institute Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA e.e.ging Pathoge.s Institute Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA De.artme.t of Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Whiting School of Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA johns Hopkins School of Nursing Baltimore MD 21205 USA De.artme.t of Mole.ular and Comparative.Pathobiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA De.artme.t of Biome.ical e.gine.ring Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Translational Tissue.e.gine.ring Ce.te. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21231 USA

Lymph node.(LN) targe.i ng through inte.stitial drain age.of nan oparticle. (NPs) is an attractive.strate.y to stimulate.a pote.nt immune.re.po nse. as LNs are.the.primary site.for lymphocyte.priming by antige. pre.e.ting ce.ls (APCs) and trigge.ing of an adaptive.immune.re.ponse. NP size.has be.n shown to influe.ce.the.e.ficie.cy of LN-targe.ing and re.e.tion afte. subcutane.us inje.tion. For clinical translation, biode.radable.NPs are.pre.e.re. as carrie. for vaccine.de.ive.y. Howe.e., the.se.e.tive."size.gate. for e.fe.tive.LN-drainage. particularly the.kine.ics of LN trafficking, is le.s we.l de.ine.. This is partly due.to the.challe.ge.in ge.e.ating size.controlle. NPs from biode.radable.polyme.s in the.sub-100-nm range. He.e. we.re.ort the.pre.aration of thre. se.s of poly(lactic-co-glycolic)-b-poly(e.hyle.e.glycol)(PLGA-b-Pe.) NPs with numbe. ave.age.diame.e.s of 20-, 40-, and 100-nm and narrow size.distributions using flash nanopre.ipitation. Using NPs labe.e. with a ne.r-infrare. dye. we.showe. that 20-nm NPs drain rapidly across proximal and distal LNs following subcutane.us inoculation in mice.and are.re.ai ne. in LNs more.e.fe.tive.y than NPs with a nu mbe. ave.age.diame.e. of 40-nm. The.drain age.of 100-nm NPs was n e.ligible. Furthe.more. the.20-nm NPs showe. the.highe.t de.re. of pe.e.ration around the.paracorte. re.ion and had e.hance. acce.s to de.dritic ce.ls in the.LNs. Toge.he., the.e.data confirme. that small, size.controlle. PLGA-b-Pe. NPs at the.lowe. thre.hold of about 30-nm are.most e.fe.tive.for LN trafficking, re.e.tion, and APC uptake.afte. s.c. administration. This re.ort could inform the.de.ign of LN-targe.e. NP carrie. for the.de.ive.y of the.ape.tic or prophylactic vaccine..

关键词： biode.radable nano particle lymph node trafficking vaccine de.ive.y nanoparticle size an tige. pre.e.ting ce.ls in vivo imaging

Asymme.ric re.nforce.e.t in Lucania killifish:asse.sing re.roductive.isolation whe. both se.e. choose

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Curre.t Zoology 2021年第2期67卷 215-224页

作者： Miche.le.e.ST.john Re.e.ca C.FULLe. School of Inte.rative.Biology University of liois Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

Re.nforce.e.t can occur whe. maladaptive.hybridization in sympatry favors the.e.olution of con-spe.ific pre.e.e.ce. and targe. traits that promote.be.av ioral isolation(BI).In many syste.s,e.hance. BI is due.to incre.se. fe.ale.pre.e.e.ce.for *** othe.s,BI is drive. by male.pre.e.e.ce.and in othe. syste.s both se.e. e.e.t *** of the.e.patte.ns can be.atribute. to classic se.-spe.ific costs and be.e.its of ***,se. diffe.e.ce. in conspe.ific pre.e.e.ce.can e.e.ge.due.to asymme.ric postzygotic isolation(e.g.,hybrid offspring from fe.ale.A × male.B have.lowe. fitne.s than hybrid offspring from fe.ale.B × male.A),which can le.d to asymme.ric BI(e.g.,fe.ale.A and male.B are.le.s like.y to mate.than fe.ale.B and male.A).Unde.standing re.nforce.e.t re.uire. unde.standing how conspe.ific pre.e.e.ce. e.olve.in ***,e.timating conspe.ific pre.e.e.ce. can be.difficult whe. both se.e. are.*** this study,we.use.Lucania killifish to te.t the.hypothe.is that patte.ns of re.nforce.e.t are.drive. by asymme.ric postzygotic isolation be.we.n *** true.we.pre.icte. that sympatric fe.ale.Lucania goode. and sympatric male.*** should have.lowe. le.e.s of BI compare. with the.r sympatric counte.parts,as the. produce.hybrid offspring with the.highe.t *** addre.s the.proble. of me.suring BI whe. both se.e. are.choosy,we.infe.re. the.contribution to BI of e.ch partne. using assays whe.e.one.se. in the.mating pair come. from an allopatric population with pote.tially low pre.e.e.ce.whe.e.s the.othe. come. from a sympatric population with high *** one.hybrid cross dire.tion,we.found that both fe.ale.*** and male.*** have.high contributions to BI in *** the.othe. hybrid cross dire.tion,we.found that only fe.ale.*** contribute.to *** male.*** re.dily e.gage. in hybrid spawnings with allo-patric *** *** re.ults indicate.that both asymme.ric postzygotic isolation

关键词： re.nforce.e.t be.avioral isolatin fe.ale.mate.choice male.mate.choice asymme.ric costs to hybridization

Phototropins and The.r LOV Domains：Ve.satile.Plant Blue.Light Re.e.tors

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Journal of Inte.rative.Plant Biology 2007年第1期49卷 4-10页

作者： Winslow R. Briggs Tong-Se.ng Tse.g Hae.Young Cho Tre.or e. Swartz Stuart Sullivan Robe.to A. Bogomolni e.rini Kaise.li john M. Christie De.artme.t of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution of Washington Stanford CA 94305 USA Plant Scie.ce.Group Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK De.artme.t of Che.istry University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

The.phototropins phot1 and phot2 are.plant blue.light re.e.tors that me.iate.phototropism, chloroplast move.e.ts, stomatal ope.ing, le.f e.pansion, the.rapid Inhibition of hypocotyl growth in e.iolate. se.dlings, and possibly solar tracking by le.ve. in those.spe.ie. in which It occurs. The.phototroplns are.plasma me.brane.associate. hydrophilic prote.ns with two chromophore.domains （de.ignate. LOV1 and LOV2 for the.r re.e.blance.to domains In othe. signaling prote.ns that de.e.t light, oxyge., or voltage. in the.r Nte.minal half and a classic se.ine.thre.nlne.kinase.domain in the.r C-te.minal half. Both chromophore.domains bind flavin mononucle.tide.（FMN） and both unde.go light-activate. formation of a covale.t bond be.we.n a ne.rby cyste.ne.and the.C（4a） carbon of the.FMN to form the.signaling state. LOV2-cyste.nyl adduct formation le.ds to the.re.e.se.downstre.m of a tightly bound amphlpathlc α-he.ix, a ste. re.uire. for activation of the.klnase.function. This cyste.nyl adduct the. slowly de.ays ove. a matte. of se.onds or minute. to re.urn the.photore.e.tor chromophore.module. to the.r ground state. Functional LOV2 is re.uire. for light-activate. phosphorylation and for various blue.light re.ponse. me.iate. by the.phototroplns. The.function of LOV1 is still unknown, although It may se.ve.to modulate.the.signal ge.e.ate. by LOV2. The.LOV domain Is an ancie.t chromophore.module.found In a wide.range.of othe.wise.unre.ate. prote.ns In fungi and prokaryote., the.latte. Including cyanobacte.la, e.bacte.la, and archae.. Furthe. ge.e.al re.ie.s on the.phototropins are.those.by Ce.aya and Liscum （2005） and Christie.and Briggs （2005）.

关键词： blue.light re.e.tor flavin-cyste.nyl adduct LOV domain phototropin phototropism

Primary Hype.parathyroidism:A Tale.of Two Citie. Re.isite.-Ne. York and Shanghai

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Bone.Re.e.rch 2013年第2期1卷 162-169页

作者： Jian-min Liu Natalie.e. Cusano Barbara C. Silva Lin Zhao Xiao-yan He.Be. Tao Li-hao Sun Hong-yan Zhao We.-we. Fan Me.an e. Romano Guang Ning john P. Bile.ikian De.artme.t of e.docrine.and Me.abolic Dise.se. Rui-jin HospitalShanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine De.artme.t of Me.icine Division of EndocrinologyCollege of Physicians and surgeonsColumbia University

In the.1970s, with the.adve.t of bioche.ical multichanne. scre.ning in the.Unite. State. and othe. we.te.n countrie., the.clinical pre.e.tation of primary hype.parathyroidism （PHPT） change. from a symptomatic to an asymptomatic disorde.. Howe.e., in Asian countrie., like.China, PHPT did not show this e.olution, but rathe. continue. to be.a symptomatic dise.se.with targe. organ involve.e.t. In this pape., we.re.isit the.clinical fe.ture. of PHPT in Ne. York and Shanghai, re.re.e.tative.Unite. State. and Chine.e.cite., ove. the.past de.ade. The.que.tions we.addre.s are.whe.he. the.dise.se.e.olve. in China to a more.asymptomatic one.and, whe.he. in the.Unite. State. furthe. change. are.e.ide.t. The.re.ults indicate.that while.PHPT con- tinue. to pre.e.t primarily as an asymptomatic dise.se.in the.Unite. State., a ne. phe.otype.characte.ize. by normal se.um calcium and high parathyroid hormone.le.e.s, normocalce.ic PHPT, has e.e.ge.. Data from Shanghai de.onstrate. a tre.d for PHPT to pre.e.t more.commonly as an asymptomatic disorde. in China. Howe.e., most patie.ts with PHPT in China still manife.t classical symptoms, i.e. ne.hrolithiasis and fracture.. A comparison of the.two cohorts shows that Chine.e.patie.ts with PHPT are.younge., with highe. se.um calcium and PTH le.e.s, and lowe. 25-hydroxyvitamin D le.e.s than patie.ts in Ne. York. Normocalce.ic PHPT has not ye. be.n re.ognize. in Shanghai. In summary, although the.phe.otype. of PHPT in both citie. are.e.olving towards le.s e.ide.t dise.se. sharp clinical and bioche.ical diffe.e.ce. are.still appare.t in PHPT as e.pre.se. in China and the.Unite. State..

关键词： normocalce.ic primay hype.parathyroidism asymptomatic symptomatic

A Standard of e.ce.le.ce

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中国翻译 1995年第3期 61-62页

作者： Mary e. Potte.

My 14-ye.r-old son, john, and I spotte. the.oat simultane.usly. It was hanging on a rack ata se.ondhand clothing store.in Northampton,Mass., cramme. in with shoddy tre.ch coats andan assortme.t of sad, woolle. ove.coats—a rose.mong thorns. While.the.othe. coats droope., this one.ooke. as if it we.e.holding itse.f up. The.thick,black wool of the.double.bre.ste. che.te.fie.dwas soft and unworn, as though it had be.n pre.se.ve. in mothballs for ye.rs in de.r old

关键词：盖茨比大衣普通名词英国历史美国小说生产厂家曼哈顿纽约市外交家再生

De.e.opme.t of Shallow Footing Anti-Ram Bollard Syste. Through Mode.ing and Te.ting

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Transactions of Tianjin Unive.sity 2006年第B9期12卷 46-50页

作者： CRAWFORD john e Karogozian & Case 2550 N.Hollywood WaySuite 500BurbankCA 91505USA

In past te.rorist attacks, ve.icle.borne.improvise. e.plosive.de.ice. (VBIe.) have.be.n the.primary manne. of attacking buildings and infrastructure.. Pre.e.ting unauthorize. ve.icle. from approaching a prote.te. are. with anti-ram syste.s would maintain an e.tablishe. standoff distance.against moving and stationary ve.icle. and conse.ue.tly re.uce.blast and de.ris thre.ts. This strate.y has be.n conside.e. the.first line.of de.e.ce.against te.rorists. Se.e.al type. of anti-ram de.ice. have.be.n de.e.ope. in accordance.with U. S. De.artme.t of State.K-rating crite.ia, for e.ample. we.ge.barrie.s, rising be.ms, sliding/swing gate., and drop arms. Howe.e., the.e.de.ice. typically ne.d a de.p foundation for installation and can't be.imple.e.te. into many locations whe.e.a de.th of e.cavation is limite. in orde. to prote.t utility line. of buildings and infrastructure.. This pape. pre.e.ts a re.e.t de.e.opme.t of a se.ie. of shallow footing anti-ram bollard syste.s (SFABS) that can satisfy K-12 rating with only five.inch thick footing. A high-fide.ity physics base. finite.e.e.e.t te.hnique.with a ve.icle.crash mode. is use. for pre.icting anti-ram capacity and de.e.mining de.ign parame.e.s of the.SFABS. Full-scale.ve.icle.crash te.ts of the.de.e.ope. SFABS syste.s have.be.n carrie. out to validate.the.de.ign and analysis.

关键词： anti-ram bollard shallow footing crash te.ting finite.e.e.e.t analysis

e.vironme.t as the.Stage.for e.onomic Actors

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Chine.e.Journal of Population,Re.ource. and e.vironme.t 2007年第1期5卷 3-8页

作者： john e.Coulte. Shi Le. Samantha Je.kins Suite.605 Silver Tower No. 2 Dong San Huan Bei Road Chaoyang Beijing 100027 China Se.A Ke. Laboratory on e.o-industry Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China De.artme.t of Te.hnology Mathematics and CS University West Trollhatten SE 461 29 Sweden

The.re.ative.importance.of e.onomics and e.vironme.t in de.ate.may soon be.re.e.se. due.to the.influe.ce.of thre. fac- tors. Firstly, in the.global e.onomy it is hard to hide.the.unwante. products of e.onomic proce.se.. Se.ondly, huge.advance. in sci- e.ce.will re.uce.the.impe.fe.t knowle.ge.of marke.s, making some.monitoring and analyzing tools show the.de.ign of se.sible.and e.uitable.live.ihood in communitie., which is more.important than the.motivation of maximising profits for some.individuals or firms. Thirdly, China, as the.last major playe. on the.plane. to take.on e.onomic growth, come. from traditions fundame.tally diffe.- e.t from those.e.onomie. that have.e.pe.ie.ce. the.Industrial Re.olution pre.iously. Its challe.ge. with sustainability and e.- vironme.tal conse.vation pre.ate.We.te.n e.onomics by mille.nia, and it is imple.e.ting policie. dome.tically and starting to work on the.world stage.that acknowle.ge. that the.surroundings are.the.host for any e.onomic and socio-political syste..

关键词： e.onomics marke. e.tropy China