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Imaging pancreatic islet cells by positron emission tomography

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第9期8卷 764-774页

作者： Junfeng Li johann Karunananthan Bradley Pelham Fouad Kandeel Department of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope

It was estimated that every year more than 30000 persons in the United States- approximately 80 people per day- are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes(T1D). T1 D is caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic islet(β cells) cells. Islet transplantation has become a promising therapy option for T1 D patients, while the lack of suitable tools is difficult to directly evaluate of the viability of the grafted islet over time. Positron emission tomography(PET) as an important non-invasive methodology providing high sensitivity and good resolution, is able to accurate detection of the disturbed biochemical processes and physiological abnormality in living organism. The successful PET imaging of islets would be able to localize the specific site where transplanted islets engraft in the liver, and to quantify the level of islets remain alive and functional over time. This information would be vital to establishing and evaluating the efficiency of pancreatic islet transplantation. Many novel imaging agents have been developed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of PET islet imaging. In this article, we summarize the latest developments in carbon-11, fluorine-18, copper-64, and gallium-68 labeled radioligands for the PET imaging of pancreatic islet cells.

关键词： Diabetes Pancreatic islet cells Positron emission tomography Imaging tracers

Outcome of Anastomotic Leakage after Colorectal Surgery in Patients with or without Preoperative Mechanical Bowel Irrigation: An Observational Study

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Surgical Science 2012年第3期3卷 105-110页

作者： Gerald Gubler Selim Dincler johann Steurer Peter Buchmann Bethanien Hospital Zürich Switzerland Bülach Hospital Bülach Switzerland Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer University Zurich Zürich Switzerland Waid Hospital Zürich Switzerland

Background: Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that the rate of anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery does not differ between patients with or without preoperative bowel preparation. There is, however, still an ongoing discussion that infectious complications consequential to anastomotic leakage, in particular sepsis, are more severe in patients without preoperative bowel cleaning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the assumption that postoperative sepsis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery without mechanical preoperative bowel irrigation is more severe compared to patients with bowel preparation. Methods: In the surgical unit in a teaching hospital in Zurich pa- tients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery were consecutively included in the study. 367 patients with colorectal surgery between December 2000 and April 2004 underwent preoperative mechanical bowel irrigation. From May 2004 until April 2008 colorectal surgery was performed in 367 patients without bowel irrigation. Outcomes of interest are: Severity of sepsis in patients with postoperative anastomotic leakage, assessed by the necessity of referral to ICU, length of stay in the ICU and total length of hospital stay. Results: 734 patients were included in the study, 367 patients with and 367 without preoperative bowel preparation. In 43 patients an anastomotic insufficiency was diagnosed, 26 in the group with and in 17 patients without preoperative irrigation. 14 of these cases developed sepsis and were referred to ICU, 8 (31%) in the group with and 6 (35%) in the group without preparative irrigation. Between the two groups there were no significant differences in mortality, length of stay on ICU and total length of hospital stay. Conclusions: The results of our study provide no indication that the course of sepsis, associated with anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery, is more severe in patients without preoperative bowel preparation, compar

关键词： Colorectal Surgery Leakage Infection Bowel Irigation

Effects of milrinone on inflammatory response-related gene expressions in cultured rat cardiomyocytes

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2019年第4期33卷 258-263页

作者： Archana G. Venakatesh johann J. Mathew Scott Coleman Longqiu Yang Geoffrey L. Liu Marilyn M. Li Henry Liu Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine Drexel University College of MedicineHahnemann University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19102USA Department of Anesthesiology Huangshi Central HospitalHuangshiHubei 435002China Division of Genomic Diagnostics Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Congestive heart failure(CHF)is defined as a cardiac dysfunction leading to low cardiac output and inadequate tissue *** positive inotropes are used to increase myocardial contractility in hospitalized patients with advanced heart *** is a phosphodiesterase Ⅲ inhibitor and used most commonly for inotropic *** well-known PROMISE study investigated the effects of milrinone on mortality in patients with severe CHF,and concluded that long-term therapy with milrinone increased morbidity and mortality armong patients with advanced *** studies have suggested that phosphodiesterase inhibitors can have potential effects on inflammatory ***,we hypothesized that milrinone may alter inflammatory gene expressions in cardiomyocytes,thus leading to adverse clinical *** used rat cardiomyocyte cell line H9 C2 and studied the impact of exposing cardiomyocytes to milrinone(10 μmol/L)for 24 hours on inflammatory gene *** extracted from cultured cardiomyocytes was used for whole rat genome gene expression assay(41 000 genes).The following changes in inflammatory response-related gene expressions were *** with increased expressions included:THBS2(+ 9.98),MMP2(+3.47),DDIT3(+2.39),and ADORA3(+3.5).Genes with decreased expressions were:SPP1(-5.28)and CD14(-2.05).We found that the above mentioned gene expression changes seem to indicate that milrinone may hinder the inflammatory process which may potentially lead to adverse clinical ***,further in vivo and clinical investigations will be needed to illustrate the clinical relevance of these gene expression changes induced by milrinone.

关键词： milrinone gene expression cardiomyocyte inflammation

Validation of the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) society recommendations for liver surgery: a prospective, observational study

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 20-36,I0003-I0006页

作者： Moritz Schmelzle Felix Krenzien Paul Dahlke Alina Krombholz Nora Nevermann Linda Feldbrügge Axel Winter Wenzel Schoning Christian Benzing johann Pratschke Jens Neudecker Department of Surgery Campus Charite Mitte and Campus Virchow-KlinikumCharite-Universitatsmedizincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universitat zu BerlinBerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health(BIH) BerlinGermany

Twenty-three recommendations were summarized by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery(ERAS)society for liver *** aim was to validate the protocol especially with regard to adherence and the impact on ***:Using the ERAS Interactive Audit System(EIAS),ERAS items were evaluated in patients undergoing liver *** a period of 26 months,304 patients were prospectively enrolled in an observational study(DRKS00017229).Of those,51 patients(non-ERAS)were enrolled before and 253 patients(ERAS)after the implementation of the ERAS *** adherence and complications were compared between the two ***:Overall adherence increased from 45.2%in the non-ERAS group to 62.7%in the ERAS group(P0.05).Overall complications decreased from 41.2%(n=21)in the non-ERAS group to 26.5%(n=67)in the ERAS group(P=0.0423),which was mainly due to the reduction of grade 1-2 complications from 17.6%(n=9)to 7.6%(n=19)(P=0.0322).As for patients undergoing open surgery,implementation of ERAS lead to a reduction of overall complications in patients scheduled for minimally invasive liver surgery(MILS)(P=0.036).Conclusions:Implementation of the ERAS protocol for liver surgery according to the ERAS guidelines of the ERAS Society reduced Clavien-Dindo grade 1-2 complications particularly in patients who underwent *** ERAS guidelines are beneficial for the outcome,while adherence to the various items has not yet been satisfactorily defined.

关键词： Enhanced Recovery After Surgery(ERAS) prehabilitation liver surger

Extended surgical resection for xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking advanced gallbladder carcinoma: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2293-2296页

作者： Antonino Spinelli Guido Schumacher Andreas Pascher Enrique Lopez-Hanninen Hussain Al-Abadi Christoph Benckert Igor M Sauer johann Pratschke Ulf P Neumann Sven Jonas Jan M Langrehr Peter Neuhaus Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery Charitè-Universitatsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow KlinikumAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Department of Radiology Charitè-Universitatsmedizin Berlin Campus Virchow KlinikumAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis （XGC） is a destructive inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, rarely involving adjacent organs and mimicking an advanced gallbladder carcinoma. The diagnosis is usually possible only after pathological examination. A 46 year-old woman was referred to our center for suspected gallbladder cancer involving the liver hilum, right liver lobe, right colonic flexure, and duodenum. Brushing cytology obtained by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography （ERC） showed high-grade dysplasia. The patient underwent an en-bloc resection of the mass, consisting of right Iobectomy, right hemicolectomy, and a partial duodenal resection. Pathological examination unexpectedly revealed an XGC. Only six cases of extended surgical resections for XGC with direct involvement of adjacent organs have been reported so far. In these cases, given the possible coexistence of XGC with carcinoma, malignancy cannot be excluded, even after cytology and intraoperative frozen section investigation. In conclusion, due to the poor prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma on one side and possible complications deriving from highly aggressive inflammatory invasion of surrounding organs on the other side, it seems these cases should be treated as malignant tumors until proven otherwise. Clinicians should include XGC among the possible differential diagnoses of masses in liver hilum.

关键词： Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis Gallbladder cancer Gallbladder carcinoma

Reappraisal of glucocorticoids in castrate-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 666-666页

作者： Oliver Sartor Christopher C Parker johann de Bono Department of Urology and Medicine Tulane MedicalSchool Tulane New Orleans Louisiana USA Department of Urology The Royal Marsden NHSFoundation Trust Sutton UK

Recent reports and discussions of .preclinical prostate cancer models have emphasized the possibility that enzalutamide resistance may be mediated by glucocorticoid receptors （GR）.In both in vitro and xenograft animal studies, it is possible to show that the GR is up-regulated in prostate cancer cell lines and that dexamethasone reverses enzalutamide induced growth inhibition. In these model systems, GR agonists can induce a subset of androgen receptor target genes including prostate-specific antigen. These investigators also report a correlation between GR expression in patient-derived prostate cancer specimens and clinical response to enzalutamide. The authors discuss the possibility that these findings have important clinical relevance. We note that the current clinical evidence for GR mediating drug resistance or disease progression in patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC） is very limited at best.

关键词： Reappraisal glucocorticoids castrate-resistant

Combining pMINFLUX,graphene energy transfer and DNA-PAINT for nanometer precise 3D super-resolution microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第4期12卷 585-592页

作者： Jonas Zähringer Fiona Cole johann Bohlen Florian Steiner Izabela Kamińska Philip Tinnefeld Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr.5-13 Haus E81377 MünchenGermany Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland Department of Physics Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenSchellingstra■e 480799 MünchenGermany

3D super-resolution microscopy with nanometric resolution is a key to fully complement ultrastructural techniques with fluorescence ***,we achieve 3D super-resolution by combining the 2D localization of pMINFLUX with the axial information of graphene energy transfer(GET)and the single-molecule switching by *** demonstrate≤2 nm localization precision in all 3 dimension with axial precision reaching below 0.3 *** 3D DNA-PAINT measurements,structural features,i.e.,individual docking strands at distances of 3 nm,are directly resolved on DNA origami *** and GET represent a particular synergetic combination for super-resolution imaging near the surface such as for cell adhesion and membrane complexes as the information of each photon is used for both 2D and axial localization ***,we introduce local PAINT(L-PAINT),in which DNA-PAINT imager strands are equipped with an additional binding sequence for local upconcentration improving signal-to-background ratio and imaging speed of local clusters.L-PAINT is demonstrated by imaging a triangular structure with 6 nm side lengths within seconds.

关键词： resolution transfer precise

“Autoinflammatory psoriasis”-genetics and biology of pustular psoriasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 307-317页

作者： Ranjitha Uppala Lam C.Tsoi Paul W.Harms Bo Wang Allison C.Billi Emanual Maverakis J.Michelle Kahlenberg Nicole L.Ward johann E.Gudjonsson Graduate Program in Immunology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA A.Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute Ann ArborMIUSA Departments of Nutrition and Dermatology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that has a fairly wide range of clinical *** psoriasis,which is the most common manifestation of psoriasis,is located on one end of the spectrum,dominated by adaptive immune responses,whereas the rarer pustular psoriasis lies on the opposite end,dominated by innate and autoinflammatory immune *** recent years,genetic studies have identified six genetic variants that predispose to pustular psoriasis,and these have highlighted the role of IL-36 cytokines as central to pustular psoriasis *** this review,we discuss the presentation and clinical subtypes of pustular psoriasis,contribution of genetic predisposing variants,critical role of the IL-36 family of cytokines in disease pathophysiology,and treatment perspectives for pustular *** further outline the application of appropriate mouse models for the study of pustular psoriasis and address the outstanding questions and issues related to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in pustular psoriasis.

关键词： Pustular psoriasis Genetics IL-36 Autoinflammation Clinical features Histology

Performances of local poultry breed fed black soldier fly larvae reared on horse manure

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 73-78页

作者： Nassim Moula Marie-Louise Scippo Caroline Douny Guy Degand Edwin Dawans Jean-Francois Cabaraux Jean-Luc Hornick Rudy C.Medigo Pascal Leroy Frederic Francis johann Detilleux Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal&Health Animal Production DepartmentFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Liege Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal&Health Food Science DepartmentFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Liege Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Gembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liege

In poultry,feed based on maggots,like larvae of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens) is an attractive option to substitute current ingredients which are expensive and often in direct or indirect competition with human *** information is currently available on the utility of these larvae in poultry feed,so goals of this study were to determine whether larvae could be reared on horse manure under traditional farming conditions and to evaluate the growth performances of a local poultry fed these larvae and the fatty acids profiles of their *** freezing and thawing,larvae were introduced in the feed of Ardennaise chickens between 30 and 80 days of *** in the control group received a commercial standard feed,while those in the treatment group received the same commercial feed in which 8% was substituted with whole fresh larvae corresponding to 2% on a dry matter *** ± standard errors of larval length and weight were 20.67 ± 2.21 mm and 0.14 ± 0.02 g,*** larval percentages of dry matter and of substances extractable in diethyl ether were 24.6% and 23.1%,*** fatty acids profiles were predominantly composed of lauric acid(28.1%) and palmitic acid(22.0%).Least squares means of weekly weights of chicken,adjusted for the effects of sex,replication and initial weights,were significantly higher(P < 0.05) by 77.03 ± 53.37 g in larvae-fed than in control *** other measurements were not statistically different between larvae-fed and control chicken,including fatty acid profiles,protein content and w6/w3 ratio.

关键词： Insect farming Chicken Local breed Growth performance Meat quality Fatty acid profile