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Use of blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and surveillance of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第4期6卷 83-97页

作者： Ganepola AP Ganepola joel Nizin John r rutledge David H Chang Center for Cancer research and Genomic Medicine The Daniel and Gloria Blumenthal Cancer Center Department of Surgery The Valley Hospital

Early screening for colorectal cancer(CrC) holds the key to combat and control the increasing global burden of CrC morbidity and mortality. However, the current available screening modalities are severely inadequate because of their high cost and cumbersome preparatory procedures that ultimately lead to a low participation rate. People simply do not like to have colonoscopies. It would be ideal, therefore, to develop an alternative modality based on blood biomarkers as the first line screening test. This will allow for the differentiation of the general population from high risk individuals. Colonoscopy would then become the secondary test, to further screen the high risk segment of the population. This will encourage participation and therefore help to reach the goal of early detection and thereby reduce the anticipated increasing global CrC incidence rate. A blood-based screening test is anappealing alternative as it is non-invasive and poses minimal risk to patients. It is easy to perform, can be repeated at shorter intervals, and therefore would likely lead to a much higher participation rate. This review surveys various blood-based test strategies currently under investigation, discusses the potency of what is available, and assesses how new technology may contribute to future test design.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Early detection of cancer Colonoscopy Biological markers Blood Messenger rNA MicrorNA Long non-coding rNA DNA methylation Microsatellite instability Loss of heterozygosity High-throughput nucleotide sequencing Mass spectrometry real-time polymerase chain reaction Microarray analysis

Multi-frequency dielectrophoretic characterization of single cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 156-164页

作者： Alex Jaffe joel Voldman Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA

We explore the use of dielectrophoresis to discern the electrical properties of single cells by observing them at multiple *** first simulate experimental conditions to show that as we increase the number of measured frequencies,we are able to better discriminate among different ***,we use the simulation to find the optimal number and value of frequencies to use to best discriminate among different cells in *** then fabricate a microfluidic device,calibrate it with polystyrene beads,and characterize it with BA/F3 *** this device,we test three different activation levels of HL60 cells treated with cytochalasin D using the optimal frequency sequence obtained in simulation to determine the differences in discrimination abilities depending on the number of frequencies *** quantify the discrimination abilities of the optimal one,two,and three frequencies by minimizing 0-1 loss.

关键词： optimal beads characterization

Posttesticular sperm maturation, infertility, and hypercholesterolemia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 742-748,I0007页

作者： Marjorie Whitfield Xavier PoUet-Villard rachel Levy joel r Drevet Fabrice Saez Team 'Mechanisms of post-testicular infertility' Genetique Reproduction et Developpement UMR CNRS 6293 INSERM U1103 Clermont Universite 24 Avenue des Landais BP80026 63171 Aubiere Codex France Service d'Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogenetique-CECOS Hopital Jean Verdier (AP-HP) Avenue du 14 Juillet 93143 Bondy France Service de Medecine de la reproduction Hopital Tenon (AP-HP) 4 Rue de la Chine 75020 Paris France Unite de recherche en Epidemiologie Nutritionnelle INSERM U557 INRA CNAM Universite Paris 13 CRNH IdF 93017 Bobigny France

Cholesterol is a key molecule in the mammalian physiology of especial particular importance for the reproductive system as it is the common precursor for steroid hormone synthesis. Cholesterol is also a recognized modulator of sperm functions, not only at the level of gametogenesis. Cholesterol homeostasis regulation is crucial for posttesticular sperm maturation, and imbalanced cholesterol levels may particularly affect these posttesticular events. Metabolic lipid disorders （dyslipidemia） affect male fertility but are most of the time studied from the angle of endocrine/testicular consequences. This review will focus on the deleterious effects of a particular dyslipidemia, Le., hypercholesterolemia, on posttesticular maturation of mammalian spermatozoa.

关键词： cholesterol dyslipidemia epididymis fertility posttesticular maturation spermatozoa

Obesity:an evolutionary context

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Life Metabolism 2022年第1期1卷 10-24页

作者： John r.Speakman joel K.Elmquist Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and ReproductionShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental biologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics KunmingChina Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology Center for Hypothalamic ResearchUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA

People completely lacking body fat(lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy)and those with severe obesity both show profound metabolic and other health *** levels of body fat somewhere between these limits would,therefore,appear to be *** different models might be *** traditional is a set point(SP)where the levels are regulated around a fixed ***,dual-intervention point(DIP)is a system that tolerates fairly wide variation but is activated when critically high or low levels are *** DIP system seems to fit our experience much better than an SP,and models suggest that it is more likely to have evolved.A DIP system may have evolved because of two contrasting selection *** the lower end,we may have been selected to avoid low levels of fat as a buffer against starvation,to avoid disease-induced anorexia,and to support *** the upper end,we may have been selected to avoid excess storage because of the elevated risks of *** upper limit of control seems to have malfunctioned because some of us deposit large fat stores,with important negative health *** has evolution not protected us against this problem?One possibility is that the protective system slowly fell apart due to random mutations after we dramatically reduced the risk of being predated during our evolutionary *** chance,it fell apart more in some people than others,and these people are now unable to effectively manage their weight in the face of the modern food *** understand the evolutionary context of obesity,it is important to separate the adaptive reason for storing some fat(*** lower intervention point),from the nonadaptive reason for storing lots of fat(a broken upper intervention point).The DIP model has several consequences,showing how we understand the obesity problem and what happens when we attempt to treat it.

关键词： obesity BMI body fat adiposity evolution selection adaptive leptin resistance metabolic programming dual-intervention point model set-point model

Stochastic-periodic Homogenization of Maxwell＇s Equations with Linear and Periodic Conductivity

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2017年第1期33卷 117-152页

作者： joel FOTSO TACHAGO Hubert NNANG Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bamenda P. O. Box 39 Bambili Cameroon Higher Teachers Training College University of Yaounde I P. O. Box 47 Yaounde Cameroon

Stochastic-periodic homogenization is studied for the Maxwell equations with the linear ＂and periodic electric conductivity. It is shown by the stochastic-two-scale convergence method that the sequence of solutions t... 详细信息

关键词： Maxwell's equations dynamical system stochastic two-scale convergence

Perspectives on the clinical management ocalized prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 511-514页

作者： joel B Nelson Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.

Defined broadly, prostate cancer has two states： An indolent histologicalmanifestation of a locally proliferative and invasive process or a clinically relevant, potentially lethal disease. Likewise, the management of clinically localized prostate cancer must address two questions： what sort of disease is this and what needs to be done.

关键词： @@

Serum vitamin D content is associated with semen|parameters and serum testosterone levels in men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第1期23卷 52-58页

作者： Inari M Ciccone Elaine MF Costa Juliana r Pariz Thiago A Teixeira joel r Drevet Parviz Gharagozloo robert J Aitken Jorge Hallak Androscience Science and Innovation Center in Andrology and High-Complex Clinical and Andrology LaboratorySao Paulo 04534-011Brazil Division of Urology University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil Men's Health Study Group Institute for Advanced StudiesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-060Brazil Division of Endocrinology University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil School of Medicine Urology DepartmentFederal University of AmapaMacapa 68903-419Brazil Faculty of Medicine GReD LaboratoryUniversity Clermont Auvergne49Bd Frangois-Mitterrand-CS 6003263001 Clermont-Ferrand CedexFrance Cell0xess LLC EwingNJ 08628USA School of Environmental and Life Sciences Priority Research Centre for Reproductive SciencesUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia reproductive Toxicology Unit Department of PathologyUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of serum vitamin D levels on semen quality and testosterone *** is a crosssectional study conducted at Androscience,Science and Innovation Center in Andrology and High-Complex Clinical and Andrology Laboratory in Sao Paulo,Brazil,with 508 male patients,aged 18-60 years,from 2007 to *** parameters and serum sexual hormones were correlated with serum vitamin D concentrations in 260 men selected by strict selection *** were divided into normozoospermic group(NZG,n=124)and a group with seminal abnormalities(SAG,n=136).Evaluation included complete physical examination,past medical history,habits and lifestyle factors,two complete seminal analysis with sperm functional tests,serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D_(3)(25(OH)VD_(3)),total and free testosterone,luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG),total cholesterol,homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-Ir)index,and *** mean concentration of 25(OH)VD_(3)was significantly lower in the SAG(Prrelated with all baseline seminal parameters and total testosterone *** addition,serum vitamin D_(3)concentration was found to be positively correlated with sperm concentration(β=2.103;Pr of spermatozoa with progressive motility(β=2.069;P=0.003),total number of motile spermatozoa(β=2.571;P=0.015),and strict morphology(β=0.056;P=0.006),regardless of other *** is the first comparative study to address the issue of serum vitamin D_(3)content between normozoospermic patients and those with sperm *** clearly demonstrates a direct and positive relationship between serum vitamin D level and overall semen quality,male reproductive potential,and testosterone levels.

关键词： male infertility semen quality sexual hormones sperm motility testosterone vitamin D deficiency

Entangled photons enabled ultrafast stimulated raman spectroscopy for molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1615-1622页

作者： Jiahao joel Fan Zhe-Yu Ou Zhedong Zhang Department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina

Quantum entanglement has emerged as a great resource for studying the interactions between molecules and *** propose a new scheme of stimulated raman scattering with entangled photons.A quantum ultrafast raman spectroscopy is developed for condensed-phase molecules,to monitor the exciton populations and *** results are obtained,showing an entanglement-enabled time-frequency scale not attainable by classical *** raman signal presents an unprecedented selectivity of molecular correlation functions,as a result of the Hong-Ou-Mandel *** work suggests a new paradigm of using an unconventional interferometer as part of spectroscopy,with the potential to unveil advanced information about complex materials.

关键词： materials spectroscopy selectivity

Antiretroviral therapy related adverse effects:Can sub-Saharan Africa cope with the new“test and treat”policy of the World Health Organization?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 212-216页

作者： Jobert richie N.Nansseu Jean joel r.Bigna Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of YaoundeIPO Box 1364YaoundeCameroon Sickle Cell Disease Unit Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya FoundationYaoundeCameroon Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaoundeCameroon Faculty of Medicine University of Paris Sud XILe Kremlin BicêtreParisFrance

Background:recent studies have shown that early antiretroviral therapy(ArT)initiation results in significant HIV transmission *** is the rationale behind the“test and treat”policy of the World Health Organization(WHO).Implementation of this policy will lead to an increased incidence of ArT-related adverse effects,especially in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA).Is the region yet ready to cope with such a challenging issue?Main body:The introduction and widespread use of ArT have drastically changed the natural history of HIV/AIDS,but exposure to ArT leads to serious medication-related adverse effects mainly explained by mitochondrial toxicities,and the situation will get worse in the near ***,ArT is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease,lipodystrophy,prediabetes and overt diabetes,insulin resistance and hyperlactatemia/lactic *** prevalence of these disorders is already high in SSA,and the situation will be exacerbated by the implementation of the new WHO *** SSA countries are characterized by(extreme)poverty,very weak health systems,inadequate and low quality of health services,inaccessibility to existing health facilities,lack of(qualified)health personnel,lack of adequate equipment,inaccessibility and unaffordability of medicines,and heavy workload in a context of a double burden of ***,there is dearth of data on the incidence and predictive factors of ArT-related adverse effects in SSA,to anticipate on strategies that should be put in place to prevent the occurrence of these conditions or properly estimate the upcoming burden and prepare an adequate response *** are required if we are to anticipate and effectively prevent this upcoming ***:While SSA would be the first region to experience the huge benefits of implementing the“test and treat”policy of the WHO,the region is not yet prepared to manage the consequential increased burden of ArT-related toxic and

关键词： HIV/AIDS Test and treat 90-90-90 Antiretroviral therapy Sub-Saharan Africa