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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第9期92卷 2503-2518页

作者： JoséAdrian Perez-Robles Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Víctor Manuel Ruíz-Valdiviezo joaquín adolfo montes-molina Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal Tecnológico Nacional de MexicoCampus Tuxtla GutiérrezTuxtla Gutiérrez29050Mexico

The objective to this work was to evaluate the enzymatic activity in the culture of Solanum lycopersicum L.infected with Fusarium oxysporum after the combined application of Beauveria bassiana and plant extracts.Solanum lycopersicum plantlets were transplanted 15 days after the emergency.Five days after transplanting,Beauveria bassiana spores were applied at a concentration of 1×10^(7)spores mL^(−1)onto soil(along with A.indica(n)and P.auritum(H)leaf extracts)where S.lycopersicum plants were planted.Eight days after transplanting,spores of F.oxysporum strain were applied at a concentration of 1×10^(6)spores mL^(−1)to soil where S.lycopersicum plants were growing.The development of S.lycopersicum plants was monitored for 114 days,whereby a randomized complete block treatment design was used,the roots of the plants were crushed with liquid nitrogen,after which UV/VIS spectrophotometry was used to determine protein concentration,as well as the activity ofβ-1,3-glucanases,peroxidases(POX,EC1.***.1.7),catalase and chitinases.The treatments combining B.bassiana and A.indica and P.auritum extracts,had a significant difference in enzymatic activity levels,thus contributing to better defense mechanisms and a greater protection to S.lycopersicum plants in the presence of F.oxysporum.The application of B.bassiana and plant extracts to the ground mitigated damage caused by F.oxysporum on S.lycopersicum plants.

关键词： Glucanases chitinases peroxidases catalase defense mechanisms

In vitro Mutagenesis for the Improvement of Agave Genus

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第7期92卷 2065-2078页

作者： Sugey Vásquez-Hernández joaquín adolfo montes-molina Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli Sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal TecNM-Campus Tuxtla GutiérrezTuxtla Gutiérrez29050Mexico

Biotechnological techniques provide a viable alternative to help improve and increase the production of plant species of agricultural and economic importance,which have been affected over the years by climate change,increasing their susceptibility to pests and/or diseases,generating losses in production as well as a decrease in their regenerative and genetic diversity.The application of biotechnological techniques such as in vitro mutagenesis offers a viable option for the generation of crops that are resistant to the different factors caused by abiotic and biotic stress.In vitro mutagenesis has been used in an efficient way to generate genetic changes in different plant species.However,these methods have not been studied thoroughly in crops of agro-industrial interest,such as agave,which represents an economic resource of national importance and are considered as endemic species of Mexico.Therefore,this literary review aimed to focus on the studies that have been used for the genetic improvement of this species via mutagenesis techniques in plants in the agave genus.Therefore,the objective was to set a precedent for future genetic studies that aim to obtain more productive regenerants for various industries,such as food and pharmaceutical.It is also of great interest to compile information from basic research that helps understand and elucidate a model of possible defense mechanisms that are activated in the Agave genus.

关键词： Biotechnology genetic variations stress mutations resistance

Antifungal Potential of Beauveria bassiana on Solanum lycopersicum L. Infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 1235-1255页

作者： Henry López-López nancy Ruiz-Lau Rocío Meza-Gordillo Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo Joseph Galthier Robledo-Luchetti Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Juan JoséVillalobos-Maldonado Luc Dendooven joaquín adolfo montes-molina Laboratorio de Biotecnología vegetal Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico/Campus Tuxtla GutiérrezTuxtla Gutiérrez29050Mexico COnACYT-Tecnológico nacional de Mexico/Campus Tuxtla Gutiérrez Tuxtla Gutiérrez29050México ABACUS CinvestavCiudad de México07360México

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Beauveria bassiana(Bb 1205)on controlling Fusarium oxysporum f.***.lycopersici(Fol 17108)in tomato plants in greenhouse conditions.Inoculation of Bb 1205 was the most promising among the agronomic variables and expression of the activity of the enzymesβ-1,3-glucanases and chitinases.Inoculation of Bb 1205 occurred at a concentration of 1×108 conidia·mL−1,which was administered onto the leaves,directly into the soil and via injection.Infection with Fol 17108 occurred with 1×106 spores·mL−1,which were added directly to the soil.Spectrophotometry was used for measuring agronomic parameters,namely activity of chitinases andβ-1,3-glucanases in foliage and roots.When Bb 1205 was added to the soil,the chlorophyll index and aerial part length showed significant differences.In addition,it was determined that root length,fresh weight of foliage,flower,and fruit count increased 82 days after inoculation(dai).Chitinase activity induced by Bb 1205 in leaves and roots of tomato plants infected with Fol 17108 was observed when injected into the stem at 32 dai(41.8 and 11.6-fold,respectively).Inoculation on the foliage showed a 10-fold increase ofβ-1,3-glucanases in the roots after 82 dpi.As for leaves,a 3.8-fold increase was found when the stem was inoculated.In the different in vivo applications,Bb 1205 activated its defenses by expressing the chitinase enzymes andβ-1,3-glucanase,thus reducing the damage caused by Fol 17108,demonstrating increase plant growth thereafter.

关键词： Mycoparasitism agronomic parameters chitinases β-1,3-glucanases

Encapsulation of Immature Somatic Embryos of Coffea arabica L.for in Vitro Preservation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1741-1748页

作者： Eliana Arias-Pérez Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli joaquín adolfo montes-molina nancy Ruiz-Lau Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla GutiérrezTecnológico Nacional de MéxicoTuxtla GutiérrezChiapas29050México COnACYT-Tecnológico nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapas29050México

The present study aimed to develop a protocol for somatic embryogenesis and encapsulation of coffee embryos(Coffea arabica L.),for the conservation of genotypes with characteristics of commercial interest.Somatic embryos were induced from leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog medium(MS)supplemented with 1 mg·L^(−1) of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid(2,4-D)combined with 2 mg·L^(−1) of benzyladenine(BA).Somatic embryos(SE)at the globular stage were encapsulated in a sodium alginate matrix;two treatments were tested:MS+5 mg·L^(−1) BA+1 mg·L^(−1) nAA+3%(w/v)alginate,and MS+7 mg·L^(−1) BA+5.7 mg·L^(−1) indoleacetic acid(IAA)+3%(w/v)alginate.Alginate was complexed with 100 mM calcium chloride(CaCl_(2)).Viability of the encapsulated SE was determined by staining with 0.01%fluorescein diacetate(FDA)after 0,15,30,and 45 days of storage at 4℃.Embryo viability was 100%in both treatments.

关键词： Coffee explants embryo artificial seeds

The body mass index (BMI) as a public health tool to predict metabolic syndrome

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 59-66页

作者： Miguel Murguía-Romero Rafael Jiménez-Flores Rafael Villalobos-molina María Isabel Mendoza-Ramos Julia Reyes-Reali Santiago C. Sigrist-Flores adolfo René Méndez-Cruz Carrera de Médico Cirujano FES Iztacala UNAM Tlalnepantla México

Objective: To analyze the body mass index (BMI) as an indicator of metabolic alterations, including the metabolic syndrome (MetS), at both individual level and public health level. Method: We recruited 3683 undergraduate students (17 - 24 years old) from México City identifying metabolic alterations, including the MetS, and comparing its prevalence by BMI ranges. We applied a sensitivity analysis to define BMI optimal cut-off point values. Results: We found 14.6% of MetS prevalence with a BMI average of 24.2%, and 34.5% of overweight prevalence (BMI ≥ 25). A BMI cut-off point value of 22.5 is suggested as an upper limit of a normal weight condition, only for public health purpose;while at individual level the BMI cut-off point of 25 was corroborated as the upper limit for a normal weight condition. A public health tool to estimate the MetS prevalence based on BMI percentages is proposed, and a study case is presented. Conclusion: BMI fails predicting at individual level both, healthy condition or metabolic alterations, when values are lower than 25. At population level, the BMI is a valuable public health tool to estimate MetS prevalence: based on the prevalence of MetS by BMI ranges of a sample of the population.

关键词： BMI Metabolic Syndrome Obesity Public Health Tool