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In situ mass spectrometry of autoimmune liver diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 237-242页

作者： Christopher l Bowlus Erin H Seeley joanna Roder Julia Grigorieva Heinrich Roder Richard M Caprioli M Eric Gershwin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Mass Spectrometry Research Center Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA Biodesix Steamboat SpringsCOUSA Division of Clinical Immunology Allergy and RheumatologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)and autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)are the major forms of autoimmune liver diseases each characterized by the destruction of a specific liver cell type and the presence of differing *** took a proteomic approach utilizing in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MAlDI MS)to obtain profiles directly from liver samples of patients with PBC,PSC,AIH and *** ability to precisely localize the region for acquisition of MAlDI MS allowed us to obtain profiles from bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes from each biopsy *** tools developed to identify peaks and compare peaks across diseases and cell types were used to develop models to classify the *** an initial set of testing samples from PBC patients and controls,we identified unique peaks present in bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes that could classify samples in a validation cohort with 88–91%***,profiles of PSC and AIH did not differ significantly from *** of proteins in these peaks may represent novel autoantigens or effector *** findings illustrate the potential of a proteomic approach to autoimmune diseases with in situ MAlDI MS.

关键词： autoimmune hepatitis mass spectrometry primary biliary cirrhosis primary sclerosing cholangitis

Effects of small-volume soccer and vibration training on body composition,aerobic fitness,and muscular PCr kinetics for inactive women aged 20-45

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第4期3卷 284-292页

作者： luke J.Connolly Suzanne Scott Magni Mohr Giorgos Ermidis Ross Julian Jens Bangsbo Sarah R.Jackman joanna l.Bowtell Rosemary C.Davies Susan J.Hopkins Richard Seymour Karen M.Knapp Peter Krustrup Jonathan Fulford Sport and Health Sciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesSt Luke's CampusUniversity of Exeter:Exeter EXI 2LUUK Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences University of the Faroe IslandsTorshavn 100Faroe Islands Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport ScienceUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Department of Physical Education and Sport Science Democritus University of ThraceKomotini 69100Greece Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine University of SaarlandSaarbrücken 66123Germany Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health Department of NutritionExercise and SportsUniversity of Copenhagen.Copenhagen 2200.Denmark College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX4 4QF.UK NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeter EX2 5DW.UK

Purpose： The present study investigated the effects of 16 weeks of small-volume, small-sided soccer training soccer group （SG, n = 13） and oscillating whole-body vibration training vibration group （VG, n = 17） on body composition, aerobic fitness, and muscle PCr kinetics in healthy inactive premenopausal women in comparison with an inactive control group （CO, n = 14）. Methods： Training for SG and VG consisted of twice-weekly 15-min sessions with average heart rates （HRs） of ～ 155 and 90 bpm respectively. Pre- and post-measurements of body composition （DXA）, phosphocreatine （PCr） on- and off-kinetics, and HR measurements during stand- ardised submaximal exercise were performed. Results： After 16 weeks of training in SG, fat percentage was lowered （p = 0.03） by 1.7%±2.4% from 37.5% ± 6.9% to 35.8% ± 6.2% and the PCr decrease in the quadriceps during knee-extension ramp exercise was attenuated （4% ± 8%, p = 0.04）, with no changes in VG or CO （time- group effect： p=0.03 and p = 0.03）. Submaximal exercise HR was also reduced in SG after 16 weeks of training （6%± 5% of HRmax, p = 0.01）. Conclusion： Short duration soccer training for 16 weeks appears to be sufficient to induce favourable changes in body composition and indicators of aerobic fitness and muscle oxidative capacity in untrained premenopausal women.

关键词： Fat percentage Heart rate MRS PCr kinetics Small-sided soccer

Migratory Behavior of Franklin’s Gulls (larus pipixcan) in Peru

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Energy and Power Engineering 2010年第3期2卷 143-147页

作者： joanna Burger Michael Gochfeld Robert Ridgely 不详

Information on the migratory pathways for birds is essential to the future citing of wind power facilities, particularly in off-shore waters. Yet, relatively little is known about the coastal or offshore migratory behavior of most birds, including Franklin’s gulls (larus pipixcan), a long-distant migrant. We report observations along the coast of Peru made in November 2008 to determine where birds concentrated. Wind facilities can not avoid regions of high avian activity without knowing where that activity occurs. Migrant flocks of 250 to 50,000 were observed on coastal farmfields, dumps and estuaries, on beaches and mudflats, and up to 45 km offshore. Bathing and foraging flocks ranged in size from 20 to 500 birds, and most flocks were monospecific, with occasional grey-headed (larus cirrocephalus) and band-tailed (l. belcheri) on the periphery. While previous notes report Franklin’s gulls foraging coastally, we found flocks feeding up to 45 km offshore by diving for prey or feeding on the water. The relative percentage of birds of the year varied in migrant flocks from zero to 14%, with lower numbers of young foraging aerially on insects (only 1%). The percentage of young feeding over the ocean decreased with increasing distance from shore;no young of the year were recorded at 36-44 km offshore. While there were large flocks of Franklin’s gulls resting on the water inshore, the number of gulls foraging offshore did not decline up to 45 km offshore. The presence of foraging flocks of Franklin’s gulls out to 45 km offshore, and occupying space from 0 to 20 m above the water, suggests that they would be vulnerable to offshore anthropogenic activities, such as offshore drilling and wind facilities.

关键词： Migration larus pipixcan Franklin’s Gulls Gulls Migrants Young of the Year Habitat Use Flock Associations Wind Farms Offshore Drilling

Brain Findings Associated with Iodine Deficiency Identified by Magnetic Resonance Methods: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Radiology 2013年第4期3卷 180-195页

作者： Maria del C. Valdés Hernández Kirsty l. Wilson Emilie Combet joanna M. Wardlaw Brain Research Imaging Centre University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Department of Human Nutrition University of Glasgow Glasgow UK

Objectives: Iodine deficiency (ID) is a common cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation worldwide, according to the World Health Organisation. It may adversely affect brain maturation processes that potentially result in structural and metabolic brain abnormalities, visible on Magnetic Resonance (MR) techniques. Currently, however, there has been no review of the appearance of these brain changes on MR methods. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using 3 online search databases (Medline, Embase and Web of Knowledge) using multiple combinations of the following search terms: iodine, iodine deficiency, magnetic resonance, MRI, MRS, brain, imaging and iodine deficiency disorders (i.e. hypothyroxinaemia, congenital hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism and cretinism). Results: Up to May 2013, 1673 related papers were found. Of these, 29 studies confirmed their findings directly using MR Imaging and/or MR Spectroscopy. Of them, 28 were in humans and involved 157 subjects, 46 of whom had primary hypothyroidism, 97 had congenital hypothyroidism, 3 had endemic cretinism and 11 had subclinical hypothyroidism. The studies were small, with a mean relevant sample size of 6, median 2, range 1 - 35, while 14 studies were individual case reports. T1-weighted was the most commonly used MRI sequence (20/29 studies) and 1.5 Tesla was the most commonly used magnet strength (6/10 studies that provided this information). Pituitary abnormalities (18/29 studies) and cerebellar atrophy (3/29 studies) were the most prevalent brain abnormalities found. Only fMRI studies (3/29) reported cognition-related abnormalities but the brain changes found were limited to a visual description in all studies. Conclusions: More studies that use MR methods to identify changes on brain volume or other global structural abnormalities and explain the mechanism of ID causing thyroid dysfunction and hence cognitive damage are required. Given the role of MR techniques in cognitive studies, this r

关键词： Iodine Deficiency MRI Brain Hypothyroidism

A Comparison of Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay versus Multiplex Methodology Using an <i>in Vitro</i>Model of Pulmonary Hypertension and Inflammation

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第7期7卷 419-426页

作者： Yan Zhu Deepthi Alapati joanna Costa Victoria l. Maduskuie Paul T. Fawcett Thomas H. Shaffer Center for Clinical Diagnostics Nemours Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington USA Nemours Research lung Center Biomedical Research Nemours Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington USA

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA) is the most widely used method for measuring a single cytokine. Recent developments in cytokine quantification such as multiple arrays measure multiple cytokines simultaneously. Although good correlations between ElISA and multiplex methods have been observed, side by side comparisons are limited. In the present study we hypothesized that ElISA and luminex techniques are comparable in detecting cytokines in culture medium when pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) are exposed to stress. Primary human PASMC were cultured in modular chambers and exposed to 21% FiO2 and peak inspiratory and positive end expiratory pressure of 24 and 8 cmH2O respectively, and 95% FiO2. At 24 hours, culture medium was collected and assayed for interleukin-6 (Il-6) and Il-8 by quantitative ElISA and by Human Cytokine 25-Plex Panel using a luminex 200 analyzer. A comparative analysis of agreement between our ElISA and luminex data was detailed for control and stress conditions using the Bland-Altman plot analysis. Each assay resulted in comparable increased (p levels of Il-6 and Il-8 as compared to control in response to oxidative and biophysical stress. The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated that 95% of the differences between ElISA and luminex values were within ±1.96 SD from the mean difference indicated by the 95% limits of agreement for the measurements of Il-6 and Il-8. There was no systematic bias as a function of inflammation level. We conclude that in this cell culture model, ElISA and luminex are comparable in detecting the levels of Il-6 and Il-8 in the culture medium. If measurements of multiple cytokines are demanded and the amount of sample is limited, luminex multi-analyte profiling technology is accurate and sensitive.

关键词： Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ElISA) luminex Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC) Inflammation Bland-Altman Plot Analysis

Exploring adherence to daytime compression in women with breast cancer related lymphedema: a multi-methods study

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第5期7卷 1-14页

作者： Mona Al Onazi Naomi Dolgoy joanna Parkinson Margaret l.McNeely Department of Physical Therapy University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G4Canada Department of Physical Therapy University of Alberta&Cross Cancer InstituteEdmonton T6G 1Z2Canada

Aim:The objective of this follow-up study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to use of daytime compression among women with breast cancer related lymphedema who previously took part in a trial examining the efficacy of night ***:We used a multi-methods approach involving a survey and subsequent focus group *** survey questions were developed based on clinical experience and findings from the *** were framed to align with the Theoretical Domains *** the focus group data,we applied an interpretive description qualitative methodology to understand participants'experiences and views on use of daytime *** findings were mapped to the Theoretical Domains ***:Questionnaires were completed by 48 of 52 *** 15 participants(31%)reported adhering to wearing the garment for greater than 12 h each *** adherence was positively associated with perceived control of lymphedema(r=0.304;95%CI:0.051-0.564;P=0.021).Survey findings suggest that participants have good knowledge about the rationale for,and the benefits of,wearing the compression ***-three survey respondents took part in one of the five subsequent focus group *** key themes were identified representing the primary barriers to regular use of daytime compression:discomfort,negative emotions,interference with function,social situations and visibility,and use of alternative management strategies. ;Conclusion:The findings suggest less than optimal adherence to daytime compression sleeve *** research is needed to explore the relative benefit of daytime compression,optimal wear times,and implementable strategies to improve adherence.

关键词： lymphedema breast cancer compression therapy adherence

Dried fruit pomace inclusion in poultry diet:growth performance, intestinal morphology and physiology

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1100-1116页

作者： Elena Colombino Ilario Ferrocino Ilaria Biasato luca Simone Cocolin Daniel Prieto-Botella Zenon Zduńczyk Jan Jankowski joanna Milala Monika Kosmala Bartosz Fotschki Maria Teresa Capucchio Jerzy Juśkiewicz Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TorinoLargo Paolo Braccini 2Grugliasco10095 TurinItaly Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly Research Team on Occupational Therapy(InTeO) Department of Surgery and PathologyUniversity Miguel Hernandez of ElcheAlicanteSpain Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food ResearchOlsztynPoland Department of Poultry Science University of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland Institute of Chemical Technology of Food Lodz University of TechnologyLodzPoland.

Background: Fruit pomaces are by-products rich in polyphenol compounds and dietary fiber. They seem to play an important role in regulating the gut microbiota, morphology and physiology. The aim of this study was to assess whether apple(A), blackurrant(B) or strawberry(S) pomaces could be suitable ingredients in broiler diets and their effect on gut health. A total of 480 male broilers were randomly allotted to 8 dietary treatments with lower(3%-l) or higher(6%-H) dietary fiber content: two control groups(Cl/CH), two A diets(Al/AH), two B diets(Bl/BH), two S diets(Sl/SH). Diet and fruit pomaces were chemically analyzed to assess polyphenol concentration and fibre fraction content. After the evaluation of growth performance, 6 birds/group were slaughtered at 35 days of age. Morphometric and histopathological investigations were performed on duodenum, jejunum and *** were collected to perform microbiota evaluation by 16 S DNA sequencing. Weight, viscosity, enzymatic activity, short chain fatty acid(SCFAs) and ammonia concentration were determined in ileum and/or ceca ***: A pomace and A diets showed the lowest polyphenol content and the highest content of soluble fibre fraction. No significant differences were observed for growth performance, gut morphometry and histopathology(P > 0.05). Dietary fruit pomace inclusion increased the weight of ileum and ceca and the ileum digesta viscosity(P leum, A and S groups showed lower bacterial α-glucosidase activity than C groups. Moreover,small intestine SCFAs concentration was higher in fruit pomaces diets(P lower ammonia concentration and higher SCFAs than C. Dietary treatments also influenced the activity of α-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase β-glucuronidase and xylase. Regarding microbiota, at phylum level,Firmicutes were differentially abundant across treatment(maximum for C and minimum in S, FDR > 0.05). At genus level, an increase

关键词： Fruit Pomace Gut health Morphohistology Polyphenols Poultry

Spontaneous Imbibition of Water and Determination of Effective Contact Angles in the Eagle Ford Shale Formation Using Neutron Imaging

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第5期28卷 874-887页

作者： Victoria H.DiStefano Michael C.Cheshire joanna McFarlane lindsay M.Kolbus Richard E.Hale Edmund Perfect Hassina Z.Bilheux louis J.Santodonato Daniel S.Hussey David l.Jacobson Jacob M.laManna Philip R.Bingham Vitaliy Starchenko lawrence M.Anovitz Physical Sciences Directorate Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Bredesen Center University of Tennessee Energy & Environmental Sciences Directorate Energy & Transportation Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Neutron Sciences Directorate Chemical and Engineering Materials Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Nuclear Science & Engineering Directorate Reactor & Nuclear Systems Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of Tennessee Neutron Sciences Directorate Instrument and Source Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Physical Measurement laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Energy & Environmental Sciences Directorate Electrical & Electronics Systems Research DivisionOak Ridge National Laboratory

Understanding of fundamental processes and prediction of optimal parameters during the horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing process results in economically effective improvement of oil and natural gas extraction. Although modern analytical and computational models can capture fracture growth, there is a lack of experimental data on spontaneous imbibition and wettability in oil and gas reservoirs for the validation of further model development. In this work, we used neutron im- aging to measure the spontaneous imbibition of water into fractures of Eagle Ford shale with known geometries and fracture orientations. An analytical solution for a set of nonlinear second-order diffe- rential equations was applied to the measured imbibition data to determine effective contact angles. The analytical solution fit the measured imbibition data reasonably well and determined effective con- tact angles that were slightly higher than static contact angles due to effects of in-situ changes in veloci- ty, surface roughness, and heterogeneity of mineral surfaces on the fracture surface. Additionally, small fracture widths may have retarded imbibition and affected model fits, which suggests that aver- age fracture widths are not satisfactory for modeling imbibition in natural systems.

关键词： spontaneous imbibition effective contact angle neutron imaging Eagle Ford shale rock fractures.

Nephropathy in dietary hyperoxaluria:A potentially preventable acute or chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2014年第4期3卷 122-142页

作者： Robert H Glew Yijuan Sun Bruce l Horowitz Konstantin N Konstantinov Marc Barry joanna R Fair larry Massie Antonios H Tzamaloukas Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Renal Section Raymond G Murphy Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Rheumatology Section Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Department of Pathology University of New Mexico School of Medicine Radiology Service Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of RadiologyUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Pathology Section Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of PathologyUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine

Hyperoxaluria can cause not only nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis,but also renal parenchymal disease histologically characterized by deposition of calcium oxalate crystals throughout the renal parenchyma,profound tubular damage and interstitial inflammation and *** nephropathy presents clinically as acute or chronic renal failure that may progress to endstage renal disease(ESRD).This sequence of events,well recognized in the past in primary and enteric hyperoxalurias,has also been documented in a few cases of dietary *** of oxalate intake in patients with chronic dietary hyperoxaluria who developed chronic kidney disease or ESRD were comparable to the reported average oxalate content of the diets of certain populations worldwide,thus raising the question whether dietary hyperoxaluria is a primary cause of ESRD in these *** addressing this question have the potential of improving population health and should be undertaken,alongside ongoing studies which are yielding fresh insights into the mechanisms of intestinal absorption and renal excretion of oxalate,and into the mechanisms of development of oxalate-induced renal parenchymal *** preventive and therapeutic strategies for treating all types of hyperoxaluria are expected to develop from these studies.

关键词： Dietary hyperoxaluria Chronic oxalatenephropathy Acute oxalate nephropathy Acute tubular necrosis Interstitial nephritis Nephrocalcinosis Calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis Oxalate transporters Inflammasomes