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Recent theoretical progress in the development of perovskite photovoltaic materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第3期27卷 637-649页

作者： Xin Zhou joanna Jankowska Hao Dong Oleg V.Prezhdo College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Dalian University.Dalian 116622.LiaoningChina Department of Chemistry University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles 90089California.United States Institute of Physics.Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 02-668.Poland School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029LiaoningChina

Since the seminal work by Kojima et al. in 2009, solar cells based on hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites have attracted considerable attention and experienced an exponential growth, with photovoltaic efficiencies as of today reaching above 22%. Despite such an impressive development, some key scientific issues of these materials, including the presence of toxic lead, the poor long-term device stability under heat and humidity conditions, and the anomalous hysteresis of the current-voltage curves shown by various solar cell devices, still remain unsolved and constitute an important focus of experimental and theoretical researchers throughout the world. Density functional theory calculations have been successfully applied to exploring structural and electronic properties of semiconductors, complementing the experimental results in search and discovery of novel functional materials. In this review, we summarize the current progress in perovskite photovoltaic materials from a theoretical perspective. We discuss design of lead-free perovskite materials, humidity-induced degradation mechanisms and possible origins for the observed solar cell hysteresis, and assess future research directions for advanced perovskite solar cells based on computational materials design and theoretical understanding of intrinsic properties.

关键词： Solar cells Perovskite materials Density functional theory

Benzene, toluene and xylenes levels in new and used vehicles of the same model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2324-2330页

作者： joanna Faber Krzysztof Brodzik Anna Go da-Kopek Damian Lomankiewicz BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd

The aim of this work was to determine the level of benzene, toluene, o-xylene and m, p-xylene （BTX） in air samples collected from the cabins of new and used vehicles of the same model. Ten new vehicles were examined in order to check interior emission from materials used to equip the passenger compartment. In order to compare and define the impact of exhaust gases, air samples were also collected from two used cars, at different mileages （up to 20,000 kin）. All vehicles tested were of the same type. Samples were collected onto Carbograph 1TD sorbent, thermally desorbed and examined with the use of gas chromatography with flame ionisation and mass spectrometry detectors. All results obtained were referred to Polish and German requirements for indoor air quality （both in public buildings and in workspace environments）. Average benzene, toluene, o-xylene and m, p-xylene concentrations in new cars were determined at the level of 11.8 μg/m^3, 82.7 μg/m^3, 21.2 μg/m^3 and 89.5 μg/m^3, respectively. In the used cars, BTX concentration increased with increasing vehicle mileage. The most significant increase of BTX concentration was observed above 11,000 km mileage.

关键词： benzene, toluene, xylenes interior emission vehicle's interior indoor air quality thermal desorption gas chromatography

The relationship between the black carbon and bisphenol A in sea and river sediments(Southern Baltic)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 24-32页

作者： Marta Staniszewska Iga Koniecko Lucyna Falkowska Dorota Burska joanna Kielczewska Institute of Oceanography University of OdanskA1.Marszaika Pilsudskiego 4681-378 GdyniaPoland

This study was derived from field investigations to assess bisphenol A（BPA）concentrations in the sea and river sediments of the Gulf of *** carbon（BC）and total organic carbon（TOC）were identified as influencing factors on the *** a result of the transportation of BC with organic matter via rivers into the Gulf of Gdansk,the highest mean concentrations（11.26 ng BPA/（g dry weight（dw）））,were determined in the sediments of river *** in coastal stations were characterized by the lowest mean concentrations（5.73 ng BPA/（g dw））.TOC content below 0.1% determined the sorption of BPA on BC particles in sediments,and statistically significant correlation between the concentration of BPA and the BC/TOC ratio was found in these *** addition,dependency between the concentration of BPA and the content of BC was discovered in sediments where the BC/TOC ratio was 〉 0.33.

关键词： Bisphenol A Total organic carbon Black carbon Sediments Gulf of Gdansk

Digestive retention times for Allen’s swamp monkey and L’Hoest’s monkey: data with implications for the evolution of cercopithecine digestive strategy

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 183-191页

作者： Kevin P.BLAINE joanna E.LAMBERT Department of Anesthesia Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Ecological Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Primates access energy from plant fiber via bacterial fermentation in either a modified forestomach(‘foregut’),a caecocolic(‘hindgut’)chamber of the large intestine,or *** digestive retention times allow for more complete fermentation;as such,primates that consume an herbivorous diet high in fiber are expected to have both relatively and absolutely longer retention times than those mammals that rely on more readily digestible plant foods,such as *** used particulate markers to measure the digestive retention times of captive Allen’s swamp monkeys[Allenopithecus nigroviridis(Pocock,1907)](n=3)and L’Hoest’s monkey(Cercopithecus lhoesti ***,1899)(n=2).Results indicate mean retention times of 23.2-29.4 h and 23.2-24.0 h for *** and ***,*** from this study,in combination with previously published data on digestive retention times in other primate species,indicate that cercopithecines differ from other primate taxa by having lengthier retention times that can be predicted by body mass *** data are consistent with the hypothesis that relatively lengthy retention times are a primitive trait for Cercopithecinae.

关键词： Cercopithecinae digestive retention time evolution of diet fermentation plant fiber

Experimental,analytical and numerical studies on concrete encased trapezoidally web profiled cold-formed steel beams by varying depth-thickness ratio

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第4期14卷 930-946页

作者： Divahar RAVI Aravind Raj PONSUBBIAH Sangeetha Sreekuniar PRABHA joanna Philip SARATHA Department of Civil Engineering Aarupadai Veedu Institute of TechnologyChennai 603104India Department of Civil Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennai 603103India

Concrete encased with trapezoidally corrugated web profiled cold-formed steel beams are used worldwide to improve resistance toward fire and corrosion,higher load carrying capacity as well as significant increase in the bending stiffness by encasing concrete on the beam *** present work gives a detailed description on the experimental,analytical and numerical investigation on the flexural behavior of concrete encased trapezoidally corrugated web profiled cold-formed steel beams which were simply supported at both ends and subjected to two point symmetric *** flexural behavior of such structure has been experimentally tested to failure under pure *** find the effct of concrete encasement in the web,12 experiments were conducted by two different *** having three different web corrugation angles of 0°,30°,and 45°with two different web depth-thickness(dw/tw)ratios of 60 and 80 were *** results such as load-deflection relationship,ultimate capacity,load-strain relationship,moment-curvature curves,ductility and failure mode indices of the specimens are *** the static bending tests the concrete encased trapezoidally corugated web beam showed improved moment carrying capacity,ductility bchavior and the resistance to transverse deflections in comparison to concrete encased with plain web *** for the beams with concrete encased 30°trapezoidally corrugated web having(dw/tw)ratio 60 and 80,the loading capacity was improved about 54%and 67.3%and the ductility also increased about l.6 and 3.6 times,when compared to concrete encased beams with plain *** research should contribute to the future engineering applications on seismic resistant structures and efficient usage of concrete encased with cold-formed steel beams by exhibiting its super elasto-plastic *** analytical and numerical results showed good agreement with the experimental results at yield load,which indicates that the proposed analyti

关键词： concrete encased beam trapezoidally corrugated web loading capacity super elasto-plastic

Role of gap junctions in endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated vasodilatation in rat renal artery

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第8期 57-63页

作者： joanna KARAGIANNIS,Michael RAND Victoria 3083 Australia Division of Biosciences Division of Biosciences School of Medical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia School of Medical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora

AIM: To investigate the effect of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) inhibitor roscovitine on the morphine antinociceptive tolerance development in rats. METHODS: Tail-flick test as pain threshold measurement and intrathecal injection techniques were used. RESULTS: Intrathecal roscovitine infusion alone produced an antinociceptive effect. Tolerance was induced by continuous intrathecal infusion of morphine 5μg/h for 5 d. Co administration of intrathecal roscovitine 1μg/h for 5 d enhanced the morphine antinociceptive effect in tolerant rats. It also caused a shift in the morphine antinociceptive dose"Cresponse curve to the left when co-administered with morphine during tolerance induction, and caused a 67 % reduction in the increase in the ED50 of morphine (dose producing 50 % of the maximum response). CONCLUSION: Cdk5 modulation is involved in the antinociceptive tolerance of morphine. Intrathecal roscovitine administration could attenuate this tolerance development.

关键词： carbachol endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor gap junction gap 27 peptide renal artery

Degradation of a protected mountain area by tourist traffic:case study of the Tatra National Park,Poland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2503-2519页

作者： joanna FIDELUS-ORZECHOWSKA Elzbieta GORCZYCA Marcin BUKOWSKI Kazimierz KRZEMIEN Institute of Geography Pedagogical University of KrakowPodchorqzych 230-084 KrakowPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Management Jagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 730-387 KrakowPoland Tatra National Park Kuznice 134-500 ZakopanePoland

Mountain protected areas are characterized by high biodiversity,which makes it a great challenge for managers to maintain a balance between their use and the stability of natural *** that balance is particularly difficult in areas with high tourism *** expected volume of tourist traffic should be considered at the planning stage of the tourist infrastructure development *** capacity of tourist infrastructure can lead to environmental degradation,which is hard,or at times impossible,to *** our research,we identified patterns of tourist footpath and road functioning in an environmentally protected area with high volumes of tourist *** from geomorphologic mapping was analyzed in order to identify tourist footpath and road structures in the Tatra National Park(TNP).Fieldwork was conducted in several stages between 1995 and *** from the years 1977,2009,2017 and 2019 were used to identify and compare degraded zones along selected tourist *** zones were defined as areas surrounding a footpath or tourist road with a mean width larger than or equal to 10 meters,with heavily damaged or completely removed vegetation and exposed,weathered cover,where geomorphic processes that would not take place under normal conditions are readily *** examined tourist footpaths and roads vary in terms of their morphometric *** has shown important differences between mean and maximum footpath width as well as maximum incision depth for the forest zone versus the subalpine and alpine zones.A lack of differences in these parameters was noted between the alpine and subalpine *** has shown that an increase in the surface area of degraded zones found adjacent to tourist footpaths occurred in all the studied geo-ecological zones in the study ***,the largest increase occurred atop wide ridgelines found in the alpine *** zones may be an indication of exce

关键词： Tourist traffic Degraded zones Mountain area Morphogenetic processes Carrying capacity

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新型导尿管抵御细菌

环球科学 2024年第7期 19-19页

作者：乔安娜·汤普森施怿(译) 不详

每年,外科医生都会将超过1亿个导尿管放置到患者体内,这种设备可以挽救他们的生命,尤其是在手术后。但与此同时,很多使用导尿管的患者(占比为12.5%~25%)会患上导尿管相关尿路感染(CAUTI),这通常由管道内的细菌滋生引起。目前,在人工智能... 详细信息

每年,外科医生都会将超过1亿个导尿管放置到患者体内,这种设备可以挽救他们的生命,尤其是在手术后。但与此同时,很多使用导尿管的患者(占比为12.5%~25%)会患上导尿管相关尿路感染(CAUTI),这通常由管道内的细菌滋生引起。目前,在人工智能(AI)的协助下,研究人员设计出了一种新型导尿管,它无需抗生素涂层,就可以将管内细菌的污染程度降低两个数量级。

关键词：导尿管相关尿路感染外科医生细菌滋生污染程度抗生素涂层导尿管放置

Mitochondrial DNA as a Risk Factor for False Positives in Case-Control Association Studies

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第4期42卷 169-172页

作者： Antonio Salas joanna L.Elson Unidade de Xenética Instituto de Medicina Legaland Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias ForensesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15782Spain Mitochondrial Research Group Institute of Genetic MedicineCentre for LifeNewcastle University Centre for Human Metabolomics North-West University

During the last decade, hundreds of studies have been pub- lished examining whether significant associations exist be- tween mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） variants and/or haplogroups （clades） and particular diseases （generally com- mon/complex diseases）（Fig. 1）. However, several authors have gathered evidence indicating a high incidence of false positive findings in mtDNA case-control association studies. Raule et al. （2007） and Herrnstadt and Howell （2004） showed various problems affecting mtDNA case-control association studies. Salas et al.

关键词： DNA Mitochondrial DNA as a Risk Factor for False Positives in Case-Control Association Studies