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3D tomographic analysis of equatorial plasma bubble using GnSS-TEC data from Indonesian GnSS network

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 127-136页

作者： Ihsan naufal Muafiry Prayitno Abadi Teguh n.Pratama Dyah r.Martiningrum Sri Ekawati Yuandhika GWismaya Febrylian FChabibi Gatot HPramono research Center for Climate and Atmosphere Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG) JakartaIndonesia Dept.of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor BahruMalaysia Dept.Earth Planet Sci. Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityBandungIndonesia

Equatorial Plasma Bubbles(EPBs)are ionospheric irregularities that take place near the magnetic *** most commonly occur after sunset during the equinox months,although they can also be observed during other *** phenomenon significantly disrupts radio wave signals essential to communication and navigation *** national network of Global navigation Satellite System(GnSS)receivers in Indonesia(>30°longitudinal range)provides an opportunity for detailed EPB *** explore this,we conducted preliminary 3D tomography of total electron content(TEC)data captured by GnSS receivers following a geomagnetic storm on December 3,2023,when at least four EPB clusters occurred in the Southeast Asian *** and extracted TEC depletion with a 120-minute running average were then used as inputs for a 3D tomography *** 2D spatial distribution consistently captured the four EPB clusters over *** tomography results were validated through a classical checkerboard test and comparisons with other ionospheric data sources,such as the Global Ionospheric Map(GIM)and International reference Ionosphere(IrI)*** of the results demonstrates the capability of the Indonesian GnSS network to measure peak ionospheric *** findings highlight the potential for future three-dimensional research of plasma bubbles in low-latitude regions using existing GnSS networks,with extensive longitudinal coverage.

关键词： EPB Indonesian GnSS network 3D tomography

La3+ substitution-adjusted magnetic and optical properties with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability of copper zinc nickel ferrites for wastewater treatment applications

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Journal of rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 319-328页

作者： n.S.Al-Bassami General Studies Department Jubail Industrial College

Copper-zinc-nickel（Cu-Zn-ni） ferrite nanoparticles are used for wastewater treatment ***,low degradation efficiency and stability are two main issues that make them unsuitable for actual production *** this paper,the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion method was applied for the formation of Cu0.5Zn0.25ni0.25LaxFe2-xO4;（0≤x≤0.1;step 0.02）(CZnL) *** the substitution process entails the replacement of a small ion with a larger one,the lattice constant and crystallite size does not exhibit a consistent incremental *** behavior is justified and *** size of all the CZnL ferrite nanoparticles is in the range of 8-12 nm,and the lattice constant is in the range of 8.6230 to 8.4865 *** morphological analysis conducted using field emission-scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM） reveals that the CZnL exhibits agglomerated spherical *** energy dispersive X-ray spectrameter（EDAX） analysis was employed to confirm the elemental composition of CZnL *** the process entails the substitution of Fe3+magnetic ions with nonmagnetic ions La3+,the magnetic parameters of CZnL nanoferrites show a general decreasing trend as *** 20 K,saturation magnetization Ms shows an overall drop in its values from 59.302 emu/g at x=0.0-41.295 emu/g at x=0.1,the smallest value of 37.87 emu/g is recorded at x=*** highest coercivity（Hc=125.9 Oe） and remanence（Mr=13.32 emu/g） are recorded for x=0.08 and x=0.04 nanoferrite,*** band gap of all the CZnL nanoferrites was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function and Tauc plot for direct permitted *** doping modifies the band gap（within 1.86-1.75 eV）,increases light absorption,induces efficient e/h separation and charge migration to *** nanoferrite Cu0.5Zn0.25ni0.25La0.06Fe1.94O4achieves a degradation efficiency of 97.3% for methylene blue（MB） dye removal after just 60 *** five recycling processes,the nanoc

关键词： Copper-zinc-nickel Ferrite Photocatalytic properties rare earths Wastewater treatment

nucleoside modified mrnA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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neural regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Green synthesis of glycolic acid through the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid over black TiO_(2): An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 544-556页

作者： Hugo Olvera-Vargas Oscar Andrés Jaramillo-Quintero Luis Darío Alarcón León Orlando Castro-Ocampo Christian A.Celaya Marina E.rincón Jesús Muñiz Instituto de Energías renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IER-UNAM)Priv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixcoMorelos.CP 62580Mexico Centro de nanociencias y nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Km 107Carretera Tijuana-EnsenadaEnsenadaB.C.C.P.22800Mexico

Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an *** acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic *** results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally *** reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic *** is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental *** is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.

关键词： Chemical energy storage Electrochemical hydrogenation Density functional theory renewable energy Oxalic acid

Combined Effect of Honey from Central West Brazil on Bacterial Membrane Permeability

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2025年第1期13卷 316-337页

作者： Mariana Lenina Menezes Aleixo Joziane da Cruz Mendonça rafael Bruno rocha Benevides Larissa Maria Scalon lemos Carla Galbiati Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCA) Office of Research and Graduate Studies State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) Cceres Mato Grosso Brazil Faculty of Agrarian Sciences State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) Cceres Mato Grosso Brazil Departament of nursing Faculty of Health Sciences State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) Cceres Mato Grosso Brazil

Honey, an apicultural product with a complex chemical composition, contains numerous bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial effects. This study investigated the effect of Apis mellifera honey from Brazil’s Central-West region, combined with antibiotics, on bacterial membrane permeability, exploring the contributions of bioactive compounds and the botanical origin of honey. Six fresh Apis mellifera honey samples and their fractions (hexane and ethyl acetate) were analyzed, for a total of 18 samples. The bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Helicobacter pylori and Enterococcus faecalis were used for antibacterial activity tests, which included minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination and synergistic effect (checkerboard) assays. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were quantified, and the botanical origin was determined based on pollen analysis. The tested honey samples significantly affected bacterial membrane permeability when combined with rifampicin and clarithromycin. Although many honey-derived bioactive compounds, when isolated, did not exhibit significant activity against these bacteria, the additive or synergistic effect of multiple compounds acting on different targets appears to potentiate the antibacterial action. Descriptive statistical analysis, including means and 95% confidence intervals, confirmed the relevance of the findings. This study has provided an important discovery: Honey has an effect on bacterial membrane permeability, although the specific mechanisms involved in this process require further investigation.

关键词： Honey Mechanism of Action Antibacterial Bacterial Membrane Permeability Bioactive Compounds

Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOr),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Dietary processed former foodstuffs for broilers:impacts on growth performance,digestibility,hematobiochemical profiles and liver gene abundance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 364-376页

作者： Karthika Srikanthithasan Marta Gariglio Elena Diaz Vicuna Edoardo Fiorilla Barbara Miniscalco Valeria Zambotto Eleonora Erika Cappone nadia Stoppani Dominga Soglia Federica raspa joana nery Andrea Giorgino roser Sala Andrés Luis Martínez Marínz Josefa Madrid Sanchez Achille Schiavone Claudio Forte Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoItaly Animal nutrition and Welfare Service(SniBA) Department of Animal and Food SciencesUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Departamento de Producción Animal Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain Department of Animal Production University of MurciaMurciaSpain

Background The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of commercially processed former foodstuffs(cFF)as dietary substitutes of corn,soybean meal and soybean oil on the growth performance,apparent total tract digestibil-ity(ATTD),hematobiochemical profiles,and liver gene abundance in broiler *** hundred one-day-old male rOSS-308 chicks were assigned to 4 dietary groups(5 replicates of ten birds per replicate)according to their average body weight(BW,38.0±0.11 g).All groups received a two-phase feeding program:starter,d 1–12 and grower,d 12–*** control group(cFF0)was fed a standard commercial feed based on corn,soybean meal and soybean *** other three groups received diets in which the feed based on corn,soybean meal,and soybean oil was partially replaced with cFF at a substitution level of 6.25%(cFF6.25),12.5%(cFF12.5)or 25%(cFF25)for the following 33 *** The growth performance data showed no differences in BW or average daily gain among groups,although the average daily feed intake decreased during the grower period(12–33 d)and over entire experimental period(1–33 d)in a linear manner as the cFF inclusion level rose(P=0.026),positively affecting the gain to feed ratio(P=0.001).The ATTD of dry matter of the cFF-fed groups were greater with respect to control group and increased throughout the experimental period,whereas the ATTD of ether extract linearly decreased with increasing levels of cFF-fed groups compared with control group and throughout the experimental period(Pnally,a lin-ear increase in the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio,serum cholesterol,triglycerides and alanine-aminotransferase were observed with increasing dietary levels of cFF(Pr,no differences were observed in lipoprotein lipase or sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor gene *** The results of this experiment demonstrate that it is possible to incorporate cFF into nutritionally balanced diets for broiler ch

关键词： Alternative feed Broiler chicken Digestibility Former foodstuff Gene abundance Growth performance

Sex differences in aging and injured brain

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neural regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan n.Williamson Yuan Yang University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle Foundation Hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： Huntington prevalence traumatic

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri Alberto Javier ramos Laboratorio de neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with mirnAs or lncrnA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors