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Towards integrated essential variables for sustainability

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 158-165页

作者： Anthony Lehmann joan masò Stefano Nativi Gregory Giuliani enviroSPACE Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Department F.-A.Forel for Environment and Water Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain National Research Council of Italy–Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research Sesto FiorentinoItaly GRID-Geneva Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

measuring the achievement of a sustainable development requires the integration of various data sets and disciplines describing bio-physical and socio-economic *** data allow characterizing any location on Earth,assessing the status of the environment at various scales(***,regional,global),understanding interactions between different systems(***,hydrosphere,biosphere,geosphere),and modeling future *** Group on Earth Observations(GEO)was established in 2005 in response to the need for coordinated,comprehensive,and sustained observations related to the state of the ***’s global engagement priorities include supporting the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,the Paris Agreement on Climate,and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.A proposition is made for generalizing and integrating the concept of EVs across the Societal Benefit Areas of GEO and across the border between SocioEconomic and Earth systems *** contributions of the European Union projects ConnectinGEO and GEOEssential in the evaluation of existing EV classes are ***,the main aim of the 10 papers of the special issue is shortly presented and mapped according to the proposed typology of SBA-related EV classes.

关键词： Earth observation GEO/GEOSS environment policy indicators knowledge implementation SDGs

Numerical simulation of a short flexible pipe subject to forced motion and vortex-induced vibration

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第6期28卷 70-83页

作者： CHEN Zhengshou KIm Wu-joan CHOI Yoon-rak Engineering College Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Department of Naval Architecture ＆ marine Engineering Mokpo National University Mokpo534-729 Korea School of Naval Architecture ＆ Ocean Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan 680-749 Korea

A series of numerical sinmlations about a small scale （aspect ratio： 63.2） flexible pipe undergoing forced harmonious oscillation and vortex-induced vibration （VIV） have been taken into account. The wake hydrodynamics and pipe deformation were accomplished by ANSYS mFX solution strat- egy designed for fluid-structure interaction （FSI） problem with well-performed LES model. The configuration of structured mesh, multi-domain design, different mesh stiffness admeasured by User Fortran ensured that the numerical task was competent to deal with large deformation related to this case. The introduction of instantaneous amplitude definition and modeless component decom- position method （Chen and Kim, 2008） was helpful to reveal much more information from modal analysis. most results from numerical simulation are generally consistent with those from model test （Choi and Hong, 2000） via the comparison between them. As supplementary to model test, visualization of the vortex wake was also provided. It has been proved that the forced oscillation doesn＇t only excite a complicated dumbbell-like wake pattern around the outer thimble, but also results in inner flow inside the PVC pipe. The velocity of the inner flow increases with the frequency of forced oscillation.

关键词： force oscillation vortex-induced vibration (VIV) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) ANAYS mFX instantaneous amplitude

Co-expression network analysis predicts a key role of microRNAs in the adaptation of the porcine skeletal muscle to nutrient supply

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 327-347页

作者： Emilio mármol-Sánchez Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas Raquel Quintanilla TainãFigueiredo Cardoso Rayner González-Prendes joan Tibau marcel Amills Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Animal Breeding and Genetics Program Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture(IRTA)Torre Marimon08140 Caldes de MontbuiSpain Present address:Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária(EMBRAPA)São CarlosSP 13560-970Brazil Department of Animal Science Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center25198 LleidaSpain Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Background:The role of non-coding RNAs in the porcine muscle metabolism is poorly understood,with few studies investigating their expression patterns in response to nutrient ***,we aimed to investigate the changes in microRNAs(miRNAs),long intergenic non-coding RNAs(lincRNAs)and mRNAs muscle expression before and after food ***:We measured the miRNA,lincRNA and mRNA expression levels in the gluteus medius muscle of 12 gilts in a fasting condition(AL-T0)and 24 gilts fed ad libitum during either 5 h.(AL-T1,N=12)or 7 h.(AL-T2,N=12)prior to *** small RNA fraction was extracted from muscle samples retrieved from the 36 gilts and sequenced,whereas lincRNA and mRNA expression data were already *** terms of mean and variance,the expression profiles of miRNAs and lincRNAs in the porcine muscle were quite different than those of *** intake induced the differential expression of 149(AL-T0/AL-T1)and 435(AL-T0/AL-T2)mRNAs,6(AL-T0/AL-T1)and 28(AL-T0/AL-T2)miRNAs and none lincRNAs,while the number of differentially dispersed genes was much *** the set of differentially expressed miRNAs,we identified ssc-miR-148a-3p,ssc-miR-22-3p and ssc-miR-1,which play key roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid ***,co-expression network analyses revealed several miRNAs that putatively interact with mRNAs playing key metabolic roles and that also showed differential expression before and after *** case example was represented by seven miRNAs(ssc-miR-148a-3p,ssc-miR-151-3p,ssc-miR-30a-3p,ssc-miR-30e-3p,ssc-miR-421-5p,ssc-miR-493-5p and ssc-miR-503)which putatively interact with the PDK4 mRNA,one of the master regulators of glucose utilization and fatty acid ***:As a whole,our results evidence that microRNAs are likely to play an important role in the porcine skeletal muscle metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability.

关键词： Co-expression analysis lincRNAs microRNAs Pig Regulatory impact factor Skeletal muscle

Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in wild and farmed Chilean salmon and preliminary flow data for commercial transport

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 221-227页

作者： monica montory Evelyn Habit Pilar Fernandez joan O.Grimalt Ricardo Barra Aquatic Systems Research Unit EULA-Chile Environmental Sciences CentreUniversity of Concepción Center for Ecosystems Research in Patagonia(CIEP) Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research(IDAEA)

This pilot study documented the occurrence and levels of brominated flame retardants in the tissues of farmed and wild salmon in southern *** of Coho salmon and rainbow trout were obtained from fish farms,rivers and lakes in the Patagonia in Aysen Region,*** samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Negative Chemical Ionization mass Spectrometry for the different polybrominated diphenyl ether（PBDE） *** were observed in all the samples,and the congeners BDE 17,28,47 and 66 were observed in all both farmed and wild *** concentrations were higher in the farmed Coho salmon,presenting significant differences with wild *** levels reached 182 pg/g wet weight（ww） vs.120 *** the case of the rainbow trout,the concentrations were lower,although the congener profile was quite *** levels reached an average of 100 pg/g ww in the farmed fish versus 110 pg/g ww in wild fish,and no significant difference was observed between the *** both species,the congener with the highest concentration was BDE *** on this information,the BDE ？ow was estimated for commerce,which is a form of pollutant transport not usually considered in POP pollution studies.A preliminary estimation indicated that the quantity of PBDEs mobilized by commerce was in the order of kg,and in the case of Chile might reach almost 1 kg.

关键词： Polybrominated diphenyl ethers farmed Salmon Chile POPs Patagonia

An investigation of soil erosion and redistribution in a mediterranean lowland agricultural catchment using caesium-137

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第1期25卷 1-16页

作者： joan ESTRANY Celso GARCIA Desmond E. WALLING Department of Earth Sciences University of the Balearic Islands Department of Geography University of ExeterAmory Building

This study sought to contribute to an improved understanding of soil erosion and redistribution on mediterranean agricultural land, where traditional soil conservation practices have been applied over millennia to provide effective protection of cultivated land. The study was undertaken in the Na Borges catchment, a groundwater-dominated lowland limestone basin (319 km2), located in the northeastern part of mallorca, Spain. The average sediment yield from the basin, based on river sediment load data, is m2·yr. The 137Cs technique was used to quantify soil redistribution rates over the past 40 years and to identify the key factors involved in soil erosion and redistribution processes. To estimate erosion and deposition rates and to elucidate the main factors affecting soil redistribution, samples were collected from six slope transects representative of the local land use and slope gradients and the presence or absence of soil conservation practices. A mass balance and a profile distribution conversion model were used for cultivated areas and areas of natural vegetation, respectively, to derive point estimates of the soil redistribution rates from the 137Cs inventories measured for individual soil bulk cores. In areas without soil conservation practices, the estimated mean soil erosion rates ranged from 12.7 to 26.4 t/ha·yr, which correspond to the slight and moderate erosion classes. The erosivity of mediterranean climatic conditions combined with the influence of agricultural practices and slope gradient on soil erosion, represent the main factors responsible for the variation of soil losses documented for the cultivated land located in downslope areas, in the absence of soil conservation practices. Deposition dominated for those transects affected by soil conservation practices, with rates ranging between 18.8 and 96.6 t/ha·yr. However, this situation does not mean that soil conservation measures retain all the sediment, but rather that agriculture and urba

关键词： Soil erosion 137Cs Traditional soil conservation practices Agricultural land mediterranean

morphological Similarities between Single-Walled Nanotubes and Tubelike Structures of Polymers with Strong Adsorption Affinity to Nanowires

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第5期13卷 1245-1264页

作者： Thomas Vogel Tali mutat joan Adler michael Bachmann Center for Simulational Physics Department of Physics and AstronomyThe University of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA Department of Physics TechnionIsrael Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel

In their tubelike phase,nanowire-adsorbed polymers exhibit strong structural similarities to morphologies known from single-walled carbon(hexagonal)and boron(triangular)*** boron/boron nitride tubes require some disorder for stability the triangular polymer tubes provide a closer analog to the carbon *** means of computer simulations of both two and three dimensional versions of a coarse-grained bead-spring model for the polymers,we investigate their structural properties and make a detailed comparison with structures of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： Polymers on surfaces monte Carlo methods structure of carbon nanotubes boron nanotubes

Epigenetics of proteasome inhibition in the liver of rats fed ethanol chronically

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第6期15卷 705-712页

作者： joan Oliva Jennifer Dedes Samuel W French Fawzia Bardag-Gorce Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA medical Center TorranceCA 90502 United States

AIm： TO examine the effects of ethanol-induced proteasome inhibition, and the effects of proteasome inhibition in the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms.mETHODS： Rats were fed ethanol for 1 mo using the Tsukamoto-French model and were compared to rats given the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 （Bortezomib, Velcade^Tm） by intraperitoneal injection. microarray analysis and real time PCR were performed and proteasome activity assays and Western blot analysis were performed using isolated nuclei.RESULTS： Chronic ethanol feeding caused a significant inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway in the nucleus, which led to changes in the turnover of transcriptional factors, histone-modifying enzymes, and, therefore, affected epigenetic mechanisms. Chronic ethanol feeding was related to an increase in histone acetylation, and it is hypothesized that the proteasome proteolytic activity regulated histone modifications by controlling the stability of histone modifying enzymes, and, therefore, regulated the chromatin structure, allowing easy access to chromatin by RNA polymerase, and, thus, proper gene expression. Proteasome inhibition by PS-341 increased histone acetylation similar to chronic ethanol feeding. In addition, proteasome inhibition caused dramatic changes in hepatic remethylation reactions as there was a significant decrease in the enzymes responsible for the regeneration of S-adenosylmethionine, and, in particular, a significant decrease in the betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase enzyme. This suggested that hypomethylation was associated with proteasome inhibition, as indicated by the decrease in histone methylation.CONCLUSION： The role of proteasome inhibition in regulating epigenetic mechanisms, and its link to liver injury in alcoholic liver disease, is thus a promising approach to study liver injury due to chronic ethanol consumption.

关键词： Alcohol liver injury Betaine Epigenetic mechanisms Homocysteine methyltransferase Proteasome inhibition S-adenosylmethionine

A maximum-Entropy method for Estimating the Spectrum

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China Ocean Engineering 2007年第4期21卷 587-596页

作者：陈正寿王莉萍于定勇 Wu-joan KIm Engineering College Ocean University of China mathematics Department Ocean University of China Department of Naval Architecture & marine Engineering Mokpo National University

Based on the maximunl-entropy （mE） principle, a new power spectral estimator for random waves is derived in the form of S（ω）=a/8H^2^-（2π）^（d＋2）exp[-b（2π/ω）^n],1）y solving a variational problem subject to some quite general constraints. This robust method is comprehensive enough to describe the wave spectra even in extreme wave conditions and is superior to periodogranl method that is not suit＇able to process comparatively short or intensively unsteady signals for its tremendous boundary effect and some inherent defects of FKF. Fortunately, the newly derived method for spectral estimation works fairly well, even though the sample data sets are very short and unsteady, and the reliability and efficiency of this spectral estimator have been preliminarily proved.

关键词： maximum-entropy method (mEm) maximum-entropy ,spectral estimator PDF periodogram method

Alcohol,nutrition and liver cancer:Role of Toll-like receptor signaling

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1344-1348页

作者： Samuel W French joan Oliva Barbara A French Fawzia Bardag-Gorce Department of Pathology Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

This article reviews the evidence that ties the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to the natural immune pro-inflammatory response to chronic liver disease, with a focus on the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling as the mechanism of liver stem cell/progenitor transformation to HCC. Two exemplary models of this phenomenon are reviewed in detail. One model applies chronic ethanol/lipopolysaccharide feeding to the activated TLR4 signaling pathway. The other applies chronic feeding of a carcinogenic drug, in which TLR2 and 4 signaling pathways are activated. In the drug-induced model, two major methyl donors, S-adenosylmethionine and betaine, prevent the upregulation of the TLR signaling pathways and abrogate the stem cell/progenitor proliferation response when fed with the carcinogenic drug. This observation supports a nutritional approach to liver cancer prevention and treatment. The observation that upregulation of the TLR signaling pathways leads to liver tumor formation gives evidence to the popular concept that the chronic pro-inflammatory response is an important mechanism of liver oncogenesis. It provides a nutritional approach, which could prevent HCC from developing in many chronic liver diseases.

关键词： Toll-like receptor Hepatocellular carcinoma methyl donors, Epigenetic processes Inflammation Alcohol Drug toxicity Lipopolysaccharides