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Unifying concepts in methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox sludge granulation

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 17-30页

作者： Simon Mills Anna Christine Trego Marco Prevedello jo De Vrieze Vincent O’Flaherty Piet n.L.Lens Gavin collins Microbial communities Laborato.y School of Biological and Chemical SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Microbial Ecology Laborato.y School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology(CMET) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GentBelgium University of Galway University RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

The retention of dense and well-functioning microbial biomass is crucial for effective pollutant removal in several biological wastewater treatment *** solids retention is often achieved through aggregation of microbial communities into.dense,spherical aggregates known as granules,which were initially discovered in the *** granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digesters for waste-to.energy ***,granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)*** mechanisms underpinning the formation of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granules are the subject of ongoing *** each granule type has been extensively studied in isolation,there has been a lack of comparative studies among these granulation *** is likely that there are some unifying concepts that are shared by all three sludge *** these unifying concepts could allow a unified theory of granulation to.be ***,we review the granulation mechanisms of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granular sludge,highlighting several common concepts,such as the role of extracellular polymeric substances,cations,and operational parameters like upflow velocity and shear *** have then identified some unique features of each granule type,such as different internal structures,microbial compositions,and quorum sensing ***,we propose that future research should prioritize aspects of microbial ecology,such as community assembly or interspecies interactions in individual granules during their formation and growth.

关键词： Granule Granulation Anaerobic digestion Anammox Aerobic granule

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Efficacy of acupuncture on cancer pain:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 235-244页

作者： Miguel Faria Mónica Teixeira Maria joão Pinto.Paulo Sargento núcleo de Investigação em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia1950-396 LisboaPortugal Clínica São joão de Deus 1700-048 LisboaPortugal REQUIMTE/LAQV(Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde) Instituto Superior de EngenhariaInstituto Politécnico do Porto4051-401 PortoPortugal Hospital SOERAD 2560-312 Torres VedrasPortugal Centro de Estudos Avançados em Direito.Francisco Suarez ”1749-024 LisboaPortugal

Background:Pain associated with cancer is one of the greatest causes of reduced quality of life in *** is one of the treatments used to.address this issue,with the great advantage of having little or no side effects,especially when compared with pharmacological ***:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to.evaluate the current evidence regarding the efficacy of acupuncture for cancer *** strategy:Six electronic databases(PubMed,EBSco,cochrane Library,Scielo,b-On and Scopus)were searched for relevant articles about pain relief in cancer patients from their beginning until 2022using MeSH terms such as“acupuncture,”“electroacupuncture,”“ear acupuncture,”“acupuncture analgesia,”“oncological pain,”and“cancer pain.”Inclusion criteria:Studies included were randomized controlled trials(RCTs)where acupuncture was compared with no treatment,placebo acupuncture or usual *** extraction and analysis:Three independent reviewers participated in data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias,and a meta-analysis was *** primary outcome was pain intensity,measured with the visual analog scale,numeric rating scale,or brief pain *** outcomes also assessed were quality of life,functionality,xerosto.ia,pain interference,and analgesic *** were expressed as standardized mean difference(SMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:Sixteen RCTs with a to.al of 1124 participants were included in the meta-analysis,with the majority of the studies presenting a low or unclear risk of *** was more effective in reducing pain than no treatment(SMD=–0.90,95%CI[–1.68,–0.12]),sham acupuncture(SMD=–1.10,95%CI[–1.59,–0.61])or usual care(SMD=–1.16,95%CI[–1.38,–0.93]).conclusion:The results of this study suggest that acupuncture may be an effective intervention to.reduce pain associated with *** some limitations due to.the low quality and small sample size of some included st

关键词： Acupuncture Cancer pain Meta-analysis Systematic review

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High-repetition-rate source of nanosecond duration kA-current pulses driven by relativistic laser pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 106-115页

作者： Michael Ehret Jakub Cikhardt Philip Wykeham Bradford Iuliana-Mariana Vladisavlevici to.as Burian Diego de Luis jose Luis Henares Rubén Hernández Martín jon Imanol Apiñaniz Roberto.Lera joséAnto.io Pérez-Hernández joão jorge Santo. Giancarlo Gatti Centro de Láseres Pulsados(CLPU) VillamayorSpain Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical EngineeringPragueCzech Republic Univ.Bordeaux-CnRS-CEA Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA)UMR 5107TalenceFrance Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics FZU-Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic

We report the first high-repetition-rate generation and simultaneous characterization of nanosecond-scale return currents of kA-magnitude issued by the polarization of a target irradiated with a PW-class high-repetition-rate titanium:sapphire laser system at relativistic *** present experimental results obtained with the VEGA-3 laser at intensities from5×10^(18)to.1.3×10^(20)W cm^(-2).A non-invasive inductive return-current monito. is adopted to.measure the derivative of return currents of the order of kA ns-1and analysis methodology is developed to.derive return *** compare the current for copper,aluminium and Kapto. targets at different laser *** data show the stable production of current peaks and clear prospects for the tailoring of the pulse shape,which is promising for future applications in highenergy-density science,for example,electromagnetic interference stress tests,high-voltage pulse response measurements and charged particle beam *** compare the target discharge of the order of hundreds of nC with theoretical predictions and a good agreement is found.

关键词： current pulses electromagnetic pulse application high-power laser relativistic laser plasma

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Effect of a cardiac telerehabilitation program during coVID-19 associated social isolation

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 273-278页

作者： jo~ao Paulo Prado Giovane Galdino Institute of Motricity Sciences Federal University of AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil

This study aimed to.compare the impact of a cardiac telerehabilitation(CTR)proto.ol aimed at patients with cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)during the period of coronavirus disease 2019(coVID-19)associated with social *** retrospective cohort study included 58 participants diagnosed with stable cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),which were divided into.three groups:conventional cardiac rehabilitation(CCR)group(n?20),composed of patients undergoing conventional cardiac rehabilitation;cardiac telerehabilitation(CTR)group(n?18),composed of patients undergoing cardiac telerehabilitation and control group(n?20),composed of patients admitted for cardiac rehabilitation who had not started training *** results showed that body mass index was reduced(p?0.019)and quality of life was improved(e.g.,limitations due to.physical aspects[p?0.021),vitality[p?0.045]and limitations due to.emotional aspects[p?0.024])by CCR compared to.*** outcomes were not improved by CTR(p>0.05).However,this strategy prevented clinical deterioration in the investigated *** CCR achieved a superior effect on clinical improvement and quality of life,CTR was relevant to.stabilize the blood pressure and quality of life of patients with cardiovascular diseases during the period of coVID-19-associated social isolation.

关键词： coVID-19 Cardiac telerehabilitation Quality-of-life

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Determination of critical state line(CSL)for silty-sandy iron ore tailings subjected to.low-high confining pressures

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1684-1695页

作者： nilo Cesar consoli joão Víto. de Azambuja Carvalho Alexia Cindy Wagner Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho Inácio Carvalho Pedro Pazzoto.Cacciari joão Paulo de Sousa Silva Civil Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRS90035-190Brazil Exploration and Mineral Projects-Mineral Development Centre VALE S.A.Santa LuziaMG33040-900Brazil Department of Civil Geological and Mining EngineeringPolytechnique MontrealQuebecH3C 3A7Canada

The disposal of filtered tailings in high dry stacks can induce particle breakage,changing the material's behaviour during the structure's *** grading changes influence material properties at the critical state,and this is not mature for intermediate artificial soils(tailings)in a broad range of confining *** this paper,it aims to.describe the behaviour of iron ore tailings in a spectrum of confining pressures broader than the reported in previous studies.A series of consolidated drained(CD)triaxial tests was carried out with confining pressures ranging from 0.075 MPa to.120 *** results show that the amount of breakage plays an essential role in the response of iron ore *** existence of curved critical state line(CSL)in both specific volume(ν)-logarithm of mean effective stress(p′)and deviato.ic stress(q)-mean effective stress(p′)planes,and different responses in the deviato.ic stress-axial strain-volumetric strain curves were *** inverse S-shaped equation was proposed to.represent the silty-sandy tailings'behaviour up to.high pressures onν-lnp′*** proposed equation provides a basis for enhancing constitutive models and considers the evolution of the grading up to.severe loading *** adjustment considered three regions with different responses associated with particle breakage at different pressure levels.

关键词： Tailings Iron ore tailings dry stacking Silty-sandy material Critical state soil mechanics High confining pressures Particle breakage

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Immune response to.inactivated bacterial vecto. carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.Silva Eduarda n.F.n.Santo. Arnaldo S.Bezerra Samuel S.Frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.T.Florean Maurício Fvan Tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laborato.y of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:to.evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vecto. carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to.the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent to.al protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)non-immunized control *** monito.ing was *** groups were challenged by intraperito.eal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to.analyze the levels of TnF,IFn-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vecto. carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cyto.ines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:The inactivated bacterial vecto. carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vecto. Vaccine Immune response Th1 Th2 Leishmania infantum

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Interface engineering of co_(9)S_(8)/SnS heterostructure as a high-performance anode for lithium/sodium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 612-623页

作者： Jia Luo Shi-Li Xiang Dan-Yang Han An Liu joão Cunha Gang-Yong Li Zhao-Hui Hou Hong Yin School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional MaterialsHunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang414006China Hubei Jiufengshan Laborato.y Wuhan430206China International Iberian nanotechnology Laborato.y(InL) Av.Mestre Jose Veiga4715-330BragaPortugal

Transition metal sulfide(TMS)anodes exhibit the characteristics of phase stability and high capacity for lithium/sodium-ion batteries(LIBs/SIBs).However,the TMS anodes often suffer from poor electronic conductivity,low ionic diffusion and large volume expansion during Li/na-ion intercalation significantly impairing the Li/na-sto.age ***,a long chain heterostructure composed of the co_(9)S_(8) and SnS are first reported,which can generate rich phase interfaces,and small crystal *** unique structure can facilitate the properties of reactivity,conductivity and ionic *** addition,the heterostructure surface is modified by the n-doped carbon(n-DC@(coSn)S),successfully improving the structural *** synergistic effects of co_(9)S_(8)/SnS heterostructure and coated carbon layer effectively increase the capacity and cycling *** n-DC@(coSn)S anode delivers enhanced high specific capacities of 820.6 mAh·g^(−1) at 1.0 A·g^(–1) after 500 cycles for LIBs and 339.2 mAh·g^(–1)at 0.5 A·g^(–1) after 1000 cycles for SIBs,*** work is expected to.provide a material design idea for preparing LIBs/SIBs with high capacity and long cycling life.

关键词： Interface engineering Long chain heterostructure High capacity Cycling stability Li na-ion batteries

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Optimizing building retrofit through data analytics:A study of multi-objective optimization and surrogate models derived from energy performance certificates

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第6期5卷 889-899页

作者： G.R.Araújo Ricardo Gomes Paulo Ferrão M.Glória Gomes In+ DEMTécnico LisboaUniversidade de lisboaAv Rovisco PaisLisboa1049-001Portugal CERIS DECivilTécnico LisboaUniversidade de LisboaAv Rovisco PaisLisboa1049-001Portugal

The building sto.k is responsible for a large share of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions,therefore,it is critical to.promote building retrofit to.achieve the proposed carbon and energy neutrality *** of the policies implemented in recent years was the Energy Performance Certificate(EPC)policy,which proposes building sto.k benchmarking to.identify buildings that require ***,research shows that these mechanisms fail to.engage stakeholders in the retrofit process because it is widely seen as a mandato.y and complex *** study makes use of an EPC database to.integrate machine learning techniques with multi-objective optimization and develop an interface capable of(1)predicting a building’s,or household’s,energy needs;and(2)providing the user with optimum retrofit solutions,costs,and return on *** goal is to.provide an open-source,easy-to.use interface that guides the user in the building retrofit *** energy and EPC prediction models show a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.84 and 0.79,and the optimization results for one case study EPC with a 2000€budget limit inÉvora,Portugal,show decreases of up to.60%in energy needs and return on investments of up to.7 in 3 years.

关键词： Building energy performance Building optimization Multi-Objective surrogate models Building retrofitting

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Magnetic field regression using artificial neural networks for cold ato. experiments

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 46-51页

作者：陈子霆黃建陶 Bojeong Seo 黄明琛 Mithilesh K.Parit 何逸飞甄浩廷 Jensen Li Gyu-Boong jo Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloon 999077China

Accurately measuring magnetic fields is essential for magnetic-field sensitive experiments in areas like ato.ic,molecular,and optical physics,condensed matter experiments,and other ***,since many experiments are often conducted in an isolated environment that is inaccessible to.experimentalists,it can be challenging to.accurately determine the magnetic field at the target ***,we propose an efficient method for detecting magnetic fields with the assistance of an artificial neural network(nn).Instead of measuring the magnetic field directly at the desired location,we detect fields at several surrounding positions,and a trained nn can accurately predict the magnetic field at the target *** training,we achieve a below 0.3%relative prediction error of magnetic field magnitude at the center of the vacuum chamber,and successfully apply this method to.our erbium quantum gas apparatus for accurate calibration of magnetic field and long-term monito.ing of environmental stray magnetic *** demonstrated approach significantly simplifies the process of determining magnetic fields in isolated environments and can be applied to.various research fields across a wide range of magnetic field magnitudes.

关键词： ultracold gases trapped gases measurement methods and instrumentation

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis Martin Lukac jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predato.s but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to.influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to.enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in co_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated co_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric co_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to.ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated co_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after co_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with co_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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