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Enhancing precision in Radiotherapy Delivery: Validating Monte Carlo simulation Models for 6 MV Elekta synergy Agility LINAC Photon Beam Using Two Models of the GAMos Code

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World journal of Nuclear science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 146-163页

作者： Nogaye Ndiaye oumar Ndiaye Papa Macoumba Faye Kodjo joël Fabrice N’Guessan Djicknack Dione Khady sy Moussa Hamady sy Jean Paul Latyr Faye Alassane Traoré Ababacar sadikhe Ndao Institute of Applied Nuclear Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal International Cancer Center of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

The most crucial requirement in radiation therapy treatment planning is a fast and accurate treatment planning system that minimizes damage to healthy tissues surrounding cancer cells. The use of Monte Carlo toolkits has become indispensable for research aimed at precisely determining the dose in radiotherapy. Among the numerous algorithms developed in recent years, the GAMos code, which utilizes the Geant4 toolkit for Monte Carlo simula-tions, incorporates various electromagnetic physics models and multiple scattering models for simulating particle interactions with matter. This makes it a valuable tool for dose calculations in medical applications and throughout the patient’s volume. The aim of this present work aims to vali-date the GAMos code for the simulation of a 6 MV photon-beam output from the Elekta synergy Agility linear accelerator. The simulation involves mod-eling the major components of the accelerator head and the interactions of the radiation beam with a homogeneous water phantom and particle information was collected following the modeling of the phase space. This space was po-sitioned under the X and Y jaws, utilizing three electromagnetic physics mod-els of the GAMos code: standard, Penelope, and Low-Energy, along with three multiple scattering models: Goudsmit-saunderson, Urban, and Wentzel-VI. The obtained phase space file was used as a particle source to simulate dose distributions (depth-dose and dose profile) for field sizes of 5 × 5 cmsup>2sup> and 10 × 10 cmsup>2sup> at depths of 10 cm and 20 cm in a water phantom, with a source-surface distance (ssD) of 90 cm from the target. We compared the three electromagnetic physics models and the three multiple scattering mod-els of the GAMos code to experimental results. Validation of our results was performed using the gamma index, with an acceptability criterion of 3% for the dose difference (DD) and 3 mm for the distance-to-agreement (DTA). We achieved agreements of 94% and 96%, respective

关键词： GAMos Monte Carlo LINAC Radiotherapy Dose Distribution Phase space Gamma Index 6 MV Photon Beam

Lymphocyte subsets in alcoholic liver disease

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World journal of Hepatology 2013年第2期5卷 46-55页

作者： Luís Costa Matos Paulo Batista Nuno Monteiro joo Ribeiro Maria A Cipriano Pedro Henriques Fernando Giro Armando Carvalho Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra 3004-504 CoimbraPortugal Centro Hospitalar Tondela Viseu E.P.E3504-509 ViseuPortugal Department of Anatomopathology University of Coimbra Hospital3004-504 CoimbraPortugal

AIM:To compare lymphocyte subsets between healthy controls and alcoholics with liver ***:The patient cohort for this study included individuals who were suspected to have alcoholic liver disease(ALD) and who had undergone liver biopsy(for disease grading and staging,doubts about diagnosis,or concurrent liver disease;n = 56).Normal controls included patients who were admitted for elective cholecystectomy due to non-complicated gallstones(n = 27).Formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Perls' prussian *** non-alcoholic steatohepatitis score was used to assess markers of *** population subsets were determined by flow cytometry.T lymphocytes were identified(CD3+),and then further subdivided into CD4+ or CD8+ populations.B lymphocytes(CD19+) and natural killer(NK) cell numbers were also *** addition to assessing lymphocyte subpopulation differences between ALD patients and controls,we also compared subsets of alcoholic patients without cirrhosis or abstinent cirrhotic patients to normal ***:The patient cohort primarily consisted of older *** alcoholism was present in 66.1%.Reported average daily alcohol intake was 164.9 g and the average lifetime cumulative intake was 2211.6 *** was present in 39.3% of the patients and 66.1% had significant fibrosis(perisinusoidal and portal/periportal fibrosis,bridging fibrosis,or cirrhosis) in their liver *** average Mayo end-stage liver disease score was *** hereditary hemochromatosis genotypes were *** patients(n = 56) presented with significant lymphopenia(1.5 × 109/L ± 0.5 × 109/L vs 2.1 × 109/L ± 0.5 × 109/L,P o a decrease in all lymphocyte subpopulations,except for NK lymphocytes:CD3+(1013.0 ± 406.2/mm3 vs 1523.0 ± 364.6/mm3,P s 992.4 ± 274.7/mm3,P s 478.9 ± 164.6/mm3,P < 0.0001),and CD19+(120.6

关键词： Lymphocyte subsets Flow cytometry Alcoholism Alcoholic liver disease Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy HFE gene

Influence of climate fluctuations on Pinus palustris growth and drought resilience

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 681-689页

作者： joao Campoa joshua Puhlick CENsE–Center for Environmental and sustainability Research CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteDepartment of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringNOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCampus de Caparica2829-516 CaparicaPortugal The jones Center at Ichauway 3988 Jones Center Drive39870NewtonGAUSA

The longleaf pine(Pinus palustris Mill.)ecosystem is an endangered ecosystem in the southeastern UsA,and efforts to restore the species are ***,in recent decades,the region has experienced drastic fluctuations between wet and dry growing season conditions from year to year,and it is not fully understood how these fluctuations have influenced the growth of *** address this topic,we cored *** trees in woodlands of southwest Georgia and used dendrochronology techniques to determine how climate fluctuations have influenced the growth and drought resilience of *** also cored slash pine(Pinus elliottii Engelm.)trees in the same woodlands to compare growth between *** *** growth was less impacted by adverse climate conditions compared to ***,the strength of correlations between *** growth and temperature,precipitation,and Palmer Drought severity Index(PDsI)changed over *** recent decades,climate conditions during the growing season became more influential on *** growth than the previous year's *** is concerning given that drought severity during the growing season has been *** results also indicate that *** was less resilient to droughts during the 2000s and 2010s than to those of the *** this new climate paradigm,our results suggest that *** might be more susceptible to growth reductions and less resistant to droughts than once *** work highlights the importance of understanding the impact of novel climate conditions on *** and has implications for restoration efforts,such as using silvicultural treatments that reduce tree vulnerability to drought(e.g.,thinning)and promote other climate-adapted species in mixture with ***.

关键词： Longleaf pine slash pine Pinus elliottii Climate change Dendrochronology Dendroclimatology Forest disturbances

Intimate partner violence against women. Does violence decrease after the entry of the alleged offender into the criminal justice system?

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Forensic sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 53-60页

作者： Paulo Vieira-Pinto joséIgnacio Muñoz-Barús Tiago Taveira-Gomes Maria joão Vidal-Alves Teresa Magalhães Department of Forensic sciences PathologyGynaecology and ObstetricsPaediatricsInstitute of Forensic SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain IINFAC Ts-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health sciences Department of SciencesCESPUUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)GandraPortugal cFaculty of Medicine University of PortoPortoPortugal CINTEsIs-Centre of Health Technology and service Research University of PortoPortoPortugal Fernando Pessoa University PortoPortugal

Intimate partner violence(IPV)is simultaneously assumed as a serious crime and a major public health issue,having recurrences as one of its main characteristics and,consequently,re-entries of some alleged offenders in the criminal justice system(CJs).The main goal of this study is to assess if in cases of female victims of IPV,violence decreases after the first entry of the alleged offender in the CJs.A retrospective study was performed based on the analysis of police reports of alleged cases of IPV during a 4-year *** final sample(n=1488)was divided into two groups according to the number of entries in the CJs(single or multiple)followed by a comparative *** suggest that violence decreases after the first entry of alleged offenders in the ***-entries were found in only 15.5%of the cases but they were accountable for 3.3 times more crimes on ***,victims of recidivism presented more injuries and required more medical ***,a small group of alleged offenders seems to be more violent and accountable for most of the IPV crimes registered in the CJs suggesting that regardless of legal sanctions aiming to deter violence,these measures may not be enough for a certain group of *** study sustains the need for a predictive model to quantify the risk of repeated IPV cases within the Portuguese population.

关键词： Forensic sciences intimate partner violence women re-entry recidivism criminal justice system

Native and exotic seed dispersal by the stone marten(Martes foina):implications for the regeneration of a relict climactic forest in central Portugal

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 280-292页

作者： Lúcia PEREIRA Ana VAsQUEs Paula MAIA Maria joão RAMos PEREIRA Carlos FoNsECA Milena MATos CEsAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine studies-Wildlife Research Unit Department of BiologyUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CEsAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine studies-Department of Environment and Planning University of AveiroAveiroPortugal Erasmus University College Life Sciences DepartmentRotterdamthe Netherlands Institute of Biosciences PPGBANDepartment of ZoologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil BioLiving Association FrossosAlbergaria-a-VelhaPortugal

The stone marten(Martes foina)is a carnivorous mammal that often consumes fleshy fruits,thus potentially promoting seed *** present study was developed in Bussaco National Forest,central Portugal,and aimed to assess the potential role of the stone marten in dispersing native and exotic plants in different forest landscape *** from stone marten scats and fleshy fruits were collected monthly and were thereafter identified and sowed in a nursery,following a randomized experimental *** emergence was monitored *** linear models were used to test for differences in time and success of emergence between seeds from scats and fruits of 3 native species(Rubus ulmifolius,Arbutus unedo and Celtis australis)and 1 exotic plant species with invasive behavior(prunus laurocerasus).Fruit consumption by the stone martens significantly increased and accelerated the germination of the native *** but had no effect on the other 2 native species or on the invasive *** suggested that stone martens contribute to gene flow and forest regeneration by dispersing native plant ***,although the germination was not enhanced in the invasive species,the preference of stone martens for these fruits may potentially contribute to the proliferation of *** study represents a contribution to better understanding the fauna and flora interactions,enabling for a more conscious and effective decision-making in forest management.

关键词： germination invasive species Martes foina prunus laurocerasus relict climactic forest

Do vegetative and reproductive phenophases of deciduous tropical species respond similarly to rainfall pulses?

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journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 643-651页

作者： A.P.silveira F.s.Araújo F.R.Martins Itapipoca Faculty of Education Av.Monsenhor Tabosa s/ no.Ceará State University -- UECE Graduate Course of Ecology and Natural Resources Department of BiologyBuilding 906Federal University of Ceará-UFC Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyP.O.Box 610University of Campinas – UNICAMP

Deciduous trees with high-density wood that occur in dry seasonal tropical regions respond to rainfall seasonality with synchrony in phenophases. However, they may exhibit interannual differences in synchrony and intensity of phenophases, as strategy for large variations in duration and intensity of rainfall pulses. Nevertheless, it remains unknown how phenophases of deciduous trees of the Brazilian semi-arid region respond to rainfall variations. The phenology of Cordia oncocalyx was monitored in deciduous thorny woodland （Caatinga）, from April 2009 to March 2011, and was correlated with rainfall, soil humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. The rainy years 2009 and 2011 exhibited higher duration of rainfall pulses and lower frequency of interpulses, but in 2010 pulse duration and total rainfall were lower. Circular statistics showed leaf flush followed by flowering and fruiting in the rainy season, and leaf fall and seed dispersal in the dry season.

关键词： asynchrony circular analysis deciduous phenology riskspreading seasonality.

Ileal intussusception due to a parasite egg: A case report

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13191-13194页

作者： josé Pedro Pinto Agostinho Cordeiro Ana Margarida Ferreira Conceio Antunes Patrícia Botelho Ana joo Rodrigues Pedro Leo Department of General surgery Hospital of Braga 2242 Apartado Portugal servi?o de Anatomia Patológica Hospital de Braga 2242 Apartado Portugal Life and Health sciences Research Institute (ICVs) School of Health Sciences University of Minho Braga 2242 Apartado Portugal ICVs/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimar?es 2242 Apartado Portugal

Ileal intussusception is the invagination of the small intestine within itself and accounts for 1% of cases of acute obstruction. However, physicians do not initially consider intussusception as a possible diagnosis of obstruction due to its rarity in adults. Herein, we report the case of a 22-year-old male who was admitted to the Emergency Department with continuous abdominal pain. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed an ileal intussusception. The patient underwent surgical removal of the segment of the small bowel. Unexpectedly, pathology revealed that the invagination occurred due to a parasite egg, with features suggestive of schistosoma species. schistosomiasis, although considered a parasitic disease in tropical countries, is not absent from Europe and though it is highly improbable, it may be responsible for cases of intussusception in adults.

关键词： Ileal intussusception Parasite egg Bowel obstruction schistosoma Abdominal pain

Influence of biological maturation on cardiac autonomic recovery in female volleyball players during&after repeated sprints training:An experimental trial

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sports Medicine and Health science 2024年第3期6卷 279-286页

作者： Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Fernanda Cristina silva de oliveira jose Marcondes de oliveira-Júnior Júlio Cesar Medeiros Alves Matheus de Lima Rocha Iago Medeiros da silva Roberto Felipe C^amara Rocha Paulo Moreira silva Dantas Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tin^oco Cabral Health sciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteCCS-UFRNNatal59012-570RNBrazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteDEF-UFRNNatal59078-970RNBrazil

previously,it was suggested that biological maturation(BM)could be linked to cardiac autonomic recovery(CAR)in the pediatric ***,this influence hasn’t been confirmed *** aim was to investigate the impact of BM on CAR in female volleyball *** study with a sample of 38 volleyball players,comprising 20 girls(age:[11.62.1]years)and 18 women(age:[24.55.5]years),we analyzed BM,comparing maturing subjects(girls)with mature subjects(women).Additionally,we assessed peak height velocity(PHV)in *** conducted a training session involving repeated sprints(3 rounds of 6 sprints interspersed by 5 min[min]of passive rest).Using short-range radio telemetry,we analyzed CAR during(at the end of the 1st and 2nd rounds)and after(following the 3rd round)the training session of repeated sprints by applying the 60-s to 300-s heart rate recovery index(HRR-Index).Girls exhibited superior CAR compared to women(round 2:60-s,120-s,240-s,and 300-s,psubgroup analyses of BM indicated that individuals in the Late-PHV stage demonstrated superior CAR compared to those in the Early-PHV and During-PHV groups.(60-s to 300-s,η2p>0.4,psubjects in the During-PHV stage were superior to those in the Early-PHV stage(240-sa 300-s,η2 p>0.4,poncluded that biological maturation has a significant impact on cardiac autonomic recovery.

关键词： Exercise sport Volleyball Heart rate Pediatric

sex steroids of black scabbardfish,Aphanopus carbo,in relation to reproductive and migratory dynamics

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第1期6卷 42-50页

作者： Inês Farias Elsa Couto Neide Lagarto joāo Delgado Adelino V.M.Canário Ivone Figueiredo Department of sea and Marine Resources Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere(IPMA)Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhāes Ramalho 6Algés1495-165Portugal Mediterranean Institute for Advanced studies(IMEDAE) Esporles07190Spain Centre of Marine sciences(CCMAR-CIMAR) University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaro8005-139Portugal Regional Fisheries Directorate Research Service(DSI-DRP)Estrada da Pontinha S/NFunchal9004-562Portugal Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research(CIIMAR-CIMAR) Rua Dos BragasPorto4050-123Portugal

Black scabbardfish,Aphanopus carbo,is a commercially important species that takes distant migrations throughout its life *** steroids were measured by radioimmunoassay in the blood plasma of specimens caught off the Madeira Archipelago and mainland Portugal to link this species migratory path with its reproductive ***,a pilot study using Mozambique tilapia(oreochromis mossambicus)was designed to evaluate the effect of sample freshness on steroid levels because black scabbardfish blood was collected at separate times after specimens were *** changes in T and 11-KT concentrations between the time of blood extraction and the time after preservation did not statistically differ among the different methods ***,measured black scabbardfish steroid concentrations were directly used in the subsequent data *** females,E2 and in T concentrations peaked at a late stage of vitellogenesis.E2 concentration was significantly different between females caught off each *** E2 and T concentrations from all developing females resulted in the separation of two distinct groups,independently of their geographical *** males,T and 11-KT were not significantly different between maturity *** hepatosomatic index of males caught off mainland Portugal was relatively *** may reflect a mechanism for storing energy that will later be consumed during migration to the spawning *** trend of sex steroids concentrations throughout the sexual maturation of the species is consistent with the morphological indicators and shows evidence of the reproductive and migratory pattern hypothesised for the black scabbardfish in NE Atlantic.

关键词： Black scabbardfish Deep-sea Madeira Mainland Portugal Migration sex steroids