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Engineering and dynamics of heterogeneous catalysts via metal single atoms as promoters/precursors

Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2547-2565页

作者： jiwei Li Junli Xu Jingyun Yang Zitao Duan Zhun Zhang Haifeng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province Xiamen 361102China

Metal single-atom catalysts(SACs) have emerged as a focal point of research, captivating the scientific community due to their distinctive electronic properties and unparalleled catalytic prowess in the realm of heterogeneous catalysis. However, their significance transcends their role as mere active sites. Recent investigations have illuminated the multifaceted capabilities of metal single atoms as catalyst promoters and precursors, paving the way for the engineering of highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts. Single-atom promoters not only enhance the stabilization of active metals and tailor the support material, but regulate the reactive interfacial structure, eventually tuning the catalytic performance. Furthermore, SACs were also used as catalyst precursors to design new catalyst active sites. During the pretreatment or catalytic reaction, the structure of the metal single sites is changed significantly and transformed into the new and more active state, which improve the adsorption and reactive ability of reactants or intermediates. In this critical review, we comment the recent development of metal SACs used as catalyst promoters/precursors in engineering heterogeneous catalysts, including thermal catalysis and electrocatalysis. Furthermore, the dynamic evolution of the SACs during the pretreatment or catalytic reaction is also discussed. Finally, we provide our insight to potentially guide the future development on this emerging field.

关键词： single-atom catalysts single-atom promoter single-atom precursor dynamic evolution

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MTTSNet:Military time-sensitive targets stealth network via real-time mask generation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 601-612页

作者： Siyu Wang Xiaogang Yang Ruitao Lu Zhengjie Zhu Fangjia Lian Qing-ge Li jiwei Fan PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering Xi'an 710025China

The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military *** propose a novel Military Time-sensitive Targets Stealth Network via Real-time Mask Generation(MTTSNet).According to our knowledge,this is the first technology to automatically remove military targets in real-time from *** critical steps of MTTSNet are as follows:First,we designed a real-time mask generation network based on the encoder-decoder framework,combined with the domain expansion structure,to effectively extract mask ***,the ASPP structure in the encoder could achieve advanced semantic feature *** decoder stacked high-dimensional information with low-dimensional information to obtain an effective mask ***,the domain expansion module guided the adaptive expansion of mask ***,a context adversarial generation network based on gated convolution was constructed to achieve background restoration of mask positions in the original *** addition,our method worked in an end-to-end manner.A particular semantic segmentation dataset for military time-sensitive targets has been constructed,called the Military Time-sensitive Target Masking Dataset(MTMD).The MTMD dataset experiment successfully demonstrated that this method could create a mask that completely occludes the target and that the target could be hidden in real time using this *** demonstrated the concealment performance of our proposed method by comparing it to a number of well-known and highly optimized baselines.

关键词： Deep learning Military application Targets stealth network Mask generation Generative adversarial network

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Pd/N-doped carbon dots@dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres:A highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7967-7974页

作者： Weiruo Liu Yanbin Zhu jiwei Wang Haisong Feng Yunpu Zhai Wei Li Dongyuan Zhao College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University100 Kexue AvenueZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materialsand State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Highly dispersed Pd/N-doped carbon dots(Pd/NCDs)were successfully immobilized in the mesoporous channels of amino-functionalized dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres(NMS).The synthesized Pd/NCDs@NMS catalyst exhibits outstanding performance in the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP),achieving a turnover frequency of 1461.8 mol·molPd^(-1)·h^(-1),with the conversion rate remaining above 80%after 11 *** and density functional theory calculations reveal that the NCDs significantly affect the electronic structure of Pd nanoparticles,leading to changes in the energy barriers for the adsorption of 4-NP at the Pd sites and the conversion of 4-NP reaction intermediates,which is a key factor contributing to the catalytic *** study offers a new strategy for synthesizing carbon-dot-modified metal-based catalysts.

关键词： palladium nanoparticles nitrogen-doped carbon dots dendritic mesoporous silica catalytic hydrogenation 4-nitrophenol reduction

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Channel-Feedback-Free Transmission for Downlink FD-RAN:A Radio Map Based Complex-Valued Precoding Network Approach

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China Communications 2024年第4期21卷 10-22页

作者： Zhao jiwei Chen Jiacheng Sun Zeyu Shi Yuhang Zhou Haibo Xuemin(Sherman)Shen School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Mathematics and Theories Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1Canada

As the demand for high-quality services proliferates,an innovative network architecture,the fully-decoupled RAN(FD-RAN),has emerged for more flexible spectrum resource utilization and lower network ***,with the decoupling of uplink base stations and downlink base stations in FDRAN,the traditional transmission mechanism,which relies on real-time channel feedback,is not suitable as the receiver is not able to feedback accurate and timely channel state information to the *** paper proposes a novel transmission scheme without relying on physical layer channel ***,we design a radio map based complex-valued precoding network(RMCPNet)model,which outputs the base station precoding based on user *** comprises multiple subnets,with each subnet responsible for extracting unique modal features from diverse input ***,the multimodal embeddings derived from these distinct subnets are integrated within the information fusion layer,culminating in a unified *** also develop a specific RMCPNet training algorithm that employs the negative spectral efficiency as the loss *** evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme on the public DeepMIMO dataset and show that RMCPNet can achieve 16%and 76%performance improvements over the conventional real-valued neural network and statistical codebook approach,respectively.

关键词： beamforming complex neural networks deep learning FD-RAN

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Sex-biased single-cell genetic landscape in mice with autism spectrum disorder

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 338-351页

作者： Qian Zhang Yongjie Wang Jie Tao Ruixue Xia Yijie Zhang Zhirui Liu jiwei Cheng Department of Neurology and Central Laboratory Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200062China School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311121China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Henan University Huaihe HospitalKaifengHenan 475099China

Autistic spectrum disorder(ASD)is a male-biased,heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that affects approximately 1%e2%of the *** exposure to valproic acid(VPA)is a recognized risk factor for ASD,but the cellular and molecular basis of VPA-induced ASD at the single-cell resolution is ***,we aim to compare the cellular and molecular differences in the hippocampus between male and female prenatal mice with ASD at the single-cell transcriptomic *** transcriptomes of more than 45,000 cells are assigned to 12 major cell types,including neurons,glial cells,vascular cells,and immune *** type-specific genes with altered expression after prenatal VPA exposure are analyzed,and the largest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)are found in neurons,choroid plexus epithelial cells,and *** microglia,several pathways related to inflammation are found in both males and females,including the tumor necrosis factor(TNF),nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kB),toll-like receptor(TLR),and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathways,which are important for the induction of autistic-like ***,we note that several X-linked genes,including Bex1,Bex3,and Gria3,were among the male-specific DEGs of *** pioneering study describes the landscape of the transcriptome in the hippocampus of autistic *** elucidation of sexual differences could provide innovative strategies for the prevention and treatment of ASD.

关键词： Autistic spectrum disorder(ASD) Sex Single cell Neurons Microglia

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Flexible incidence angle scanning surface plasmon resonance microscopy for morphology detection with enhanced contrast

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1213-1221页

作者： LINGKE WANG JINGYU MI SHUQI WANG WENRUI LI JU TANG JIAWEI ZHANG jiwei ZHANG JIANLIN ZHAO Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technologyand Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

Surface plasmon resonance microscopy(SPRM)has been massively applied for near-field optical measurement,sensing,and imaging because of its high detection sensitivity,nondestructive,noninvasive,wide-field,and label-free imaging ***,the transverse propagation characteristic of the surface plasmon wave generated during surface plasmon resonance(SPR)leads to notable“tail”patterns in the SPR image,which severely deteriorates the image ***,we propose an incidence angle scanning method in SPRM to obtain a resonance angle image with exceptional contrast that significantly mitigates the adverse effects of“tail”*** resonance angle image provides the complete morphology of the analyzed samples and enables two-dimensional quantification,which is incapable in conventional *** effectiveness of the method was experimentally verified using photoresist square samples with different sizes and two-dimensional materials with various geometric *** edges of samples were fully reconstructed and a maximum fivefold increase in the image contrast has been *** method offers a convenient way to enhance the SPRM imaging capabilities with low cost and stable performance,which greatly expands the applications of SPRM in label-free detection,imaging,and quantification.

关键词： angle resonance surface

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考虑广告主信誉的两阶段GSP机制研究

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工业技术经济 2014年第2期33卷 113-117页

作者：何继伟刘树林对外经济贸易大学北京100029

在国内,关键词拍卖机制的逐利本质诱发了大量的虚假广告,引发了公众的广泛争议;拥有高报价的广告主并不总是给搜索引擎用户好的用户体验,这些问题已成为亟需解决的重要问题。本文提出了一种既考虑广告主信誉又考虑用户福利的两阶段可信... 详细信息

在国内,关键词拍卖机制的逐利本质诱发了大量的虚假广告,引发了公众的广泛争议;拥有高报价的广告主并不总是给搜索引擎用户好的用户体验,这些问题已成为亟需解决的重要问题。本文提出了一种既考虑广告主信誉又考虑用户福利的两阶段可信有效竞价关键词拍卖机制,通过与GSP单纯竞价拍卖机制进行比较,我们分析了广告主的均衡竞价策略、拍卖的均衡收益和效率。结果表明,本文的拍卖机制不仅有利于促进广告主提高信誉,在提高搜索引擎的长期均衡收益和拍卖效率方面也有一定的优势。

关键词：拍卖两阶段可信机制广告主信誉用户福利

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An Integrated Control Framework for Torque Vectoring and Active Suspension System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 62-73页

作者： jiwei Feng Jinhao Liang Yanbo Lu Weichao Zhuang Dawei Pi Guodong Yin Liwei Xu Pai Peng Chaobin Zhou School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China

Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles(FWID-EV)endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve vehicle *** paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system(ASS)to enhance the vehicle’s longitudinal and vertical motion control *** the nonlinear characteristic of the tire model leads to a relatively heavier computational *** facilitate the controller design and ease the load,a half-vehicle dynamics system is built and simplified to the linear-time-varying(LTV)*** a model predictive controller is developed by formulating the objective function by comprehensively considering the safety,energy-saving and comfort *** in-wheel motor efficiency and the power loss of tire slip are treated as optimization indices in this work to reduce energy ***,the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through the rapid-control-prototype(RCP)*** results demonstrate the enhancement of the energy-saving as well as comfort on the basis of vehicle stability.

关键词： Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles Tire nonlinearity Linear-time-varying(LTV)model Model predictive control Rapid control prototype

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Effects of long-term partial substitution of inorganic fertilizer with pig manure and/or straw on nitrogen fractions and microbiological properties in greenhouse vegetable soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2083-2098页

作者： Shuo Yuan Ruonan Li Yinjie Zhang Hao'an Luan jiwei Tang Liying Wang Hongjie Ji Shaowen Huang State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050051China College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China

Partial substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic amendments is an important agricultural management *** 11-year field experiment(22 cropping periods)was carried out to analyze the impacts of different partial substitution treatments on crop yields and the transformation of nitrogen fractions in greenhouse vegetable *** treatments with equal N,P_(2)O_(5),and K_(2)O inputs were selected,including complete inorganic fertilizer N(CN),50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 50%pig manure N(CPN),50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 25%pig manure N and 25%corn straw N(CPSN),and 50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 50%corn straw N(CSN).Organic substitution treatments tended to increase crop yields since the 6th cropping period compared to the CN *** the 8th to the 22nd cropping periods,the highest yields were observed in the CPSN treatment where yields were 7.5-11.1%greater than in CN *** 11-year fertilization,compared to CN,organic substitution treatments significantly increased the concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,acid hydrolysis ammonium-N(AHAN),amino acid-N(AAN),amino sugar-N(ASN),and acid hydrolysis unknown-N(AHUN)in soil by 45.0-69.4,32.8-58.1,49.3-66.6,62.0-69.5,34.5-100.3,and 109.2-172.9%,*** analysis indicated that soil C/N and OC concentration significantly affected the distribution of N *** highest concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N,AHAN,AAN,AHUN were found in the CPSN *** substitution treatments increased the activities ofβ-glucosidase,β-cellobiosidase,N-acetyl-glucosamidase,L-aminopeptidase,and phosphatase in the *** substitution treatments reduced vector length and increased vector angle,indicating alleviation of constraints of C and N on soil *** substitution treatments increased the total concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)in the soil by 109.9-205.3%,and increased the relative abundance of G^(+)bacteria and fungi taxa,but decreased the relat

关键词： organic substitution management greenhouse vegetable production N fractions microbial community composition extracellular enzyme activity enzyme stoichiometry coefficients

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圆柱体与棱柱体混凝土动弹性模量转换关系

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结构工程师 2014年第3期30卷 64-70页

作者：何继炜李福海同济大学建筑工程系上海200092 西南交通大学土木工程学院成都610031

共振法测量混凝土动弹性模量是一种非破损检查方法,对于持续的化学侵蚀及反复的冻融循环等导致的混凝土动弹性模量变化的检测非常有效。使用动弹仪测得不同龄期、不同强度等级的棱柱体混凝土试件和圆柱体混凝土试件的基振频率,通过基振... 详细信息

共振法测量混凝土动弹性模量是一种非破损检查方法,对于持续的化学侵蚀及反复的冻融循环等导致的混凝土动弹性模量变化的检测非常有效。使用动弹仪测得不同龄期、不同强度等级的棱柱体混凝土试件和圆柱体混凝土试件的基振频率,通过基振频率计算动弹性模量,提出圆柱体混凝土动弹性模量的计算公式。结果表明:混凝土动弹性模量随强度等级的提高而增大,随含水率的减小而降低。棱柱体混凝土试件与圆柱体混凝土试件之间动弹性模量存在相关关系,并建立了计算公式,可供有关规范、标准修订时参考。

关键词：共振法动弹性模量圆柱体混凝土龄期相关关系

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