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Pathogens of first-episode pulmonary infection in 141 children with chronic granulomatous disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 502-504页

作者： Hui liu Shunying Zhao Haiming Yang jinrong liu Hui Xu Xiaolei Tang Yuelin Shen Xiaoyan Zhang Xiaohui Wen Yuhong Zhao Ping Chu Huimin Li Department of Second Respiratory Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China Office of Scientific Research Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China

To the Editor:Chronic granulomatous disease(CGD)is an inherited primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by recurrent life-threatening bacterial or fungal infection and tissue granuloma formation.^([1])Pulmonary infection is the most frequent manifestation,affecting nearly 80%of patients,[2]and remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CGD.Details of the pathogenic microorganisms responsible for first-episode pulmonary infection provide information on the spectrum of infection in patients with CGD,help guide the empirical choice of antibiotics or antifungal therapy,and contribute to the early identification and management of CGD.Aspergillus is the commonest causative agent of pulmonary infection,but the distribution of other pathogens varies among countries.^([2–5])Few studies have investigated the etiology of pulmonary infection in CGD in a large cohort in China.

关键词： granuloma infection mortality

3-Epi-betulinic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(eBAG)induces autophagy by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1453-1464页

作者： Mengjie liu Xuqiang liu Kaiyue He Yongping Jian Yujia Li jinrong Guo Jingyu Yang Zhixiang Xu Wenyi Kang School of Life Sciences Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Joint International Research Laboratory of Food&Medicine Resource Function Kaifeng 475004China Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University Shenzhen 518000China

3-Epi-betulinic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(eBAG)is a pentacyclic triterpene mainly distributed in food and medicinal plants,which exhibits various pharmacological properties.However,whether these functions are attributed to eBAG or additional components in these plants remain unknown.Herein,we report that eBAG exerted an inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer cells.EBAG induced non-apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The eBAG-induced cell death was inhibited by knock-down of autophagy related gene(ATG)5 and ATG7,by administration of 3-methyladenine,a selective autophagy inhibitor that suppresses phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K),and by chloroquine,a classic autophagy flux inhibitor.We demonstrated that eBAG induced an autophagy-mediated cell death.Application of eBAG mimicked cellular bioenergetics depletion leading to the reduction of intracellular ATP,activation of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),and inhibition of mTOR.Co-treatment with compound C,an AMPK inhibitor,abrogated cell death induced by eBAG.We further validated the anti-tumor effect of eBAG in the murine xenograft model of hepatocellular carcinoma and found that eBAG treatment promoted the induction of autophagy and reduction of tumor growth in mice.As a functional food ingredient,eBAG is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer.

关键词： eBAG Autophagy ATP AMPK Hepatocellular carcinoma

LncFASA promotes cancer ferroptosis via modulating PRDX1 phase separation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 488-503页

作者： Xiao Fan Fangzhou liu Xiang Wang Ying Wang Yu Chen Chengyu Shi Xinwan Su Manman Tan Qingfeng Yan jinrong Peng Jianzhong Shao Yan Xiong Aifu Lin MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratoryof Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of EducationHangzhou 310009China Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310058China Department of Central Laboratory the First People's Hospital of HuzhouHuzhou 313000China Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China International School of Medicine International Institutes of MedicineThe 4th Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineYiwu 322000China

Ferroptosis, a unique type of non-apoptotic cell death resulting from iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has a potential physiological function in tumor suppression, but its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that the long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) LncFASA increases the susceptibility of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) to ferroptosis. As a tumor suppressor, LncFASA drives the formation of droplets containing peroxiredoxin1(PRDX1), a member of the peroxidase family, resulting in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation via the SLC7A11-GPX4 axis. Mechanistically, LncFASA directly binds to the Ahpc-TSA domain of PRDX1, inhibiting its peroxidase activity by driving liquid-liquid phase separation, which disrupts intracellular ROS homeostasis. Notably, high LncFASA expression indicates favorable overall survival in individuals with breast cancer, and LncFASA impairs the growth of breast xenograft tumors by modulating ferroptosis. Together, our findings illustrate the crucial role of this lncRNA in ferroptosis-mediated cancer development and provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.

关键词： long non-coding RNA peroxiredoxin liquid-liquid phase separation ferroptosis breast cancer

Catalytic action of rare earth oxide(La_(2)O_(3),CeO_(2),Pr_(6)O_(11))on electrochemical oxidation of activated carbon in molten KOH-NaOH

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第7期40卷 1083-1090页

作者： Xiaofeng Li Yuanxing Dong Xiaohui liu Lijun Li Yanfang Gao Zhenzhu Cao jinrong liu College of Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China

The oxidation of anode carbon fuel directly affects the electrochemical performance of molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell(MHDCFC).In general,the anode carbon fuel can be oxidized at high temperature,thus the direct carbon fuel cell(DCFC)can show great electrochemical performance.In this study,rare earth oxides(La_(2)O_(3),CeO_(2),Pr_(6)O_(11))were prepared by the method of precipitation.Activated carbon was prepared by pretreatment of lignite.Rare earth oxides and activated carbon were mixed as anode carbon fuel,and rare earth oxides were used to catalyze the electrochemical oxidation of anode carbon fuel.The results show that CeO_(2)has better electrocatalytic activity compared with La_(2)O_(3)and Pr_(6)O_(11) in the MHDCFC.The electrochemical test results show that the current density(at 0.4 V)increases from 81.02 to 112.90 mA/cm^(2)and the maximum power density increases from 34.78 to 47.05 mW/cm^(2)at 450℃,when the mass fraction of CeO_(2)is increased from 0 to 40%.When the mass fraction of CeO_(2)is 30%,the current density(82.55 mA/cm^(2)at 0.4 V)at 400℃is higher than that(81.02 mA/cm^(2)at 0.4 V)without CeO_(2)at 450℃.The electrochemical oxidation mechanism of CeO_(2)catalyzed anode carbon fuel is discussed.

关键词： Rare earth oxide Catalysis Activated carbon Electrochemical oxidation Molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell

Proteomics study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals the Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein as a serum biomarker and implicates potential therapeutic targets

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第3期16卷 378-388页

作者： jinrong liu Rongfang Shen Lin Feng Shujun Cheng Jun Chen Ting Xiao Shunying Zhao Department of Respiratory Medicine Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Department of Etiology and CarcinogenesisNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Pediatric Surgery Engineering and Transformation CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China

Macrolide and corticosteroid resistance has been reported in patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)pneumonia(MPP).MP clearance is difficult to achieve through antibiotic treatment in sensitive patients with severe MPP(SMPP).SMPP in children might progress to airway remodeling and even bronchiolitis/bronchitis obliterans.Therefore,identifying serum biomarkers that indicate MPP progression and exploring new targeted drugs for SMPP treatment require urgency.In this study,serum samples were collected from patients with general MPP(GMPP)and SMPP to conduct proteomics profiling.The Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein(FCGBP)was identified as the most promising indicator of SMPP.Biological enrichment analysis indicated uncontrolled inflammation in SMPP.ELISA results proved that the FCGBP level in patients with SMPP was substantially higher than that in patients with GMPP.Furthermore,the FCGBP levels showed a decreasing trend in patients with GMPP but the opposite trend in patients with SMPP during disease progression.Connectivity map analyses identified 25 possible targeted drugs for SMPP treatment.Among them,a mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase(mTOR)inhibitor,which is a macrolide compound and a cell proliferation inhibitor,was the most promising candidate for targeting SMPP.To our knowledge,this study was the first proteomics-based characterization of patients with SMPP and GMPP.

关键词： severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia children proteomics Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase inhibitor

Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 131-138页

作者： liujun Xu jinrong liu Peng Jin Guoqiang Xu Jiaxin Li Xiaoping Ouyang Ying Li Cheng-Wei Qiu Jiping Huang Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) Fudan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang University International Joint Innovation Center Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang The Electromagnetics Academy of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University

The curved space-time produced by black holes leads to the intriguing trapping effect.So far,metadevices have enabled analogous black holes to trap light or sound in laboratory spacetime.However,trapping heat in a conductive environment is still challenging because diffusive behaviors are directionless.Inspired by black holes,we construct graded heat-conduction metadevices to achieve thermal trapping,resorting to the imitated advection produced by graded thermal conductivities rather than the trivial solution of using insulation materials to confine thermal diffusion.We experimentally demonstrate thermal trapping for guiding hot spots to diffuse towards the center.Graded heat-conduction metadevices have advantages in energy-efficient thermal regulation because the imitated advection has a similar temperature field effect to the realistic advection that is usually driven by external energy sources.These results also provide an insight into correlating transformation thermotics with other disciplines,such as cosmology,for emerging heat control schemes.

关键词： thermal trapping graded metadevices imitated advection

Bacteremia tuberculosis among HIV-negative children in China

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Pediatric Investigation 2022年第3期6卷 197-206页

作者： Ping Chu Jin Shi Fang Dong Hui Yang Shunying Zhao Gang liu Huyong Zheng jinrong liu Huimin Li Jie Lu Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang University&Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Tuberculosis Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Department 2 of Respiratory Medicine Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Department of Infectious Disease Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of PediatricsMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina

Importance:Bacteremia tuberculosis(TB)is a severe form of extrapulmonary TB.Studies assessing bacteremia TB in children are limited,especially for HIV-negative children.Objective:To explore the detailed clinical features of the bacteremia TB in children under 18 years of age.Methods:We reviewed the clinical records of the patients retrospectively and collected the strains isolated from their blood cultures.We used mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat(MIRU-VNTR)to characterize the bacterial genotypes and alamarBlue to determine their drug susceptibility profiles.Polymerase chain reactions and DNA sequencing were used to identify drug-resistant mutations.Results:There were 13 pediatric bacteremia TB patients,10 of whom were diagnosed with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin(BCG)bacteremia TB.Thirteen patients aged from 0.30 to 11.58 years were enrolled,of whom 76.92%were boys.All had fevers before hospitalization,and 76.92%had respiratory symptoms.All had received BCG vaccinations,and 46.15%had adverse post-vaccination reactions.Compared withMycobacterium tuberculosis,BCG bacteremia was more likely to appear in younger children.Patients with BCG bacteremia had primary immunodeficiency diseases,and lower CD4,IgA,and IgE levels.Interpretation:Bacteremia TB was rapidly fatal in a large proportion of the immunodeficient children.Because classic findings may not be diagnostically specific,a high level of clinical suspicion is required,especially for patients with certain types of immunosuppression.Studies are needed to develop rapid diagnostic tests and to determine the value of empirical therapy in childhood bacteremia TB.

关键词： Bacteremia tuberculosis HIV negative Children China

4-Nitrocatechol as a novel matrix for low-molecular-weight compounds in situ detection and imaging in biological tissues by MALDI-MSI

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 486-490页

作者： Hualei Xu Manman Han Haiqiang liu Liang Qin Lulu Chen Hao Hu Ran Wu Chenyu Yang Hua Guo jinrong Li Jinxiang Fu Qichen Hao Yijun Zhoub Jinchao Fengb Xiaodong Wang Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics(Minzu University of China) State Ethnic Affairs CommissionBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Centre for Imaging&Systems BiologyMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China

Low-molecular-weight(LMW)compounds are ubiquitous in living organisms and play essential roles in biological processes.The direct analysis of LMW compounds in biological tissues by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging(MALDI-MSI)could provide a more comprehensive understanding of their essential functions.Here,we evaluated 4-nitrocatechol(4-NC)as a novel positive-ion matrix for enhancing in situ detection and imaging of LMW compounds from the rat liver,brain,and germinating Chinese-yew seed by MALDI-MS.Our results showed that the 4-NC possessed remarkable features,including strong ultraviolet absorption,uniform matrix crystal,excellent chemical stability,and fewer matrix-related background peaks.The use of 4-NC led to the successful detection of 232,218,and193 LMW compounds from the three abovementioned tissue sections,respectively.Also,the use of 4-NC improved the imaging quality of LMW compounds in tissue sections through MALDI-MSI and has the potential as a matrix for MALDI tissue imaging of LMW compounds.

关键词： MALDI-MSI 4-Nitrocatechol LMW compounds In situ detection Tissue imaging

Spatial patterns of Picea crassifolia driven by environmental heterogeneity and intraspecifi c interactions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第4期34卷 949-962页

作者： Changxing Zhao Weijun Zhao Ming Jin Jiqiang Zhou Feng Ta Lei Wang Wenbo Mou Longju Lei jinrong liu Junlin Du Xinglin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Scienceand TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province Zhangye 734000People’s Republic of China Gansu Nonferrous Engineering Survey Design and Research InstituteLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems School of Life ScienceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China Hexi University Zhangye 734000People’s Republic of China Gansu Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences Lanzhou 730030People’s Republic of China

Research on the spatial patterns of tree populations is critical for understanding the structure and dynamic processes of forests.However,little is known about how the underlying drivers shape these patterns and species interactions in forest systems.In this study,spatial point pattern analysis investigated the combined eff ects of intraspecifi c interactions and environmental heterogeneity on the spatial structure and internal maintenance mechanisms of Picea crassifolia in the Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve,China.Data were obtained from a 10.2-ha dynamic monitoring plot(DMP)and sixteen 0.04-ha elevation gradient plots(EGPs).Under complete spatial randomness,both mature trees and saplings in the DMP demonstratedlarge-scale aggregation with negative correlations.In EGPs,saplings were clustered in small mesoscales,mature trees were randomly distributed,and the interactions of saplingstrees at all elevations were not correlated.By eliminating the interference of environmental heterogeneity through the inhomogeneous Poisson process,saplings in the DMP and EGPs were clustered in small scales and trees randomly distributed.Intraspecifi c associations were negatively correlated,in the DMP and at low elevations,and no correlations in high elevations of EGPs.In the vertical scale,saplings showed a small-scale aggregation pattern with increase in elevation,and the aggregation degree fi rst decreased and then increased.The interactions of saplings-trees and saplings–saplings showed inhibitions at small scales,with the degree of inhibition gradually decreasing.Spatial patterns and associations of adults–adults did not change signifi-cantly.The results revealed that intraspecifi c interactions and environmental heterogeneity regulated the spatial patterns of P.crassifolia at small and large scales,respectively.Environmental heterogeneity might be the most decisive factor aff ecting the spatial patterns of saplings,while trees were more aff ected by intraspecifi c interactions.Moreover,competition between trees in thi

关键词： Picea crassifolia Spatial point pattern analysis Intraspecifi c interactions Environmental heterogeneity