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Unexpected/contrary behavior of aerosol mass concentration in response to the individual components'concentration reduction in Kitakyushu,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 630-639页

作者： Xi Zhang Takuya Murakami jinhe wang Masahide Aikawa Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1-1HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan Resources and Environment Innovation Research Institute School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

In the suburbs of Kitakyushu,Japan,the inorganic aerosol mass concentration(IAM)was about 32.7μg/m^(3),with the aerosol pH of *** study the thermodynamics of aerosol when its individual components'concentration is reduced,sensitive tests were performed using the ISORROPIAⅡmodel,in which the seven control species—TNaCl,TNH_(4)^(+),TSO_(4)^(2-),TNO_(3)^(-),TMg^(2+),TK^(+),and TCa^(2+)—were taken into *** and inorganic aerosol pH after reducing TNaCl,TNO_(3)^(-),TMg^(2+),TK^(+),and TCa^(2+)responded linearly(0%≤concentration reduction ratio(CRR)≤100%,with the exception of 100%in TNaCl);the nonlinear variations of these two parameters could be observed by controlling TNH_(4)^(+)and TSO_(4)^(2-).Unexpected aerosol behavior occurred at 100%reduction of TNaCl,which was caused by the sudden increase of NO_(3)^(-),NH_(4)^(+),and aerosol liquid water content(ALWC);the increase of IAM was also observed after controlling TSO_(4)^(2-)(60%≤CRR≤100%)and TCa^(2+)(0%≤CRR≤100%),which was mainly related to the variation of ALWC driven by the response of CaSO_(4).Multiple regression analysis showed that ALWC was statistically and strongly related to the variations of NO_(3)^(-),Cl-,SO_(4)^(2-),HSO_(4)^(-),HNO_(3),and NH_(3)(P<0.05),with regression coefficients of 1.68,5.23,1.83,2.81,0.34,and 0.57,*** highest coefficient(5.23)was found for Cl^(-),revealing that sea salts significantly influenced particle ***,this study comprehensively investigated aerosol characteristics and inner responses for the reduction of components,which is of great significance for a better understanding of atmospheric chemistry in Kitakyushu,Japan.

关键词： Sensitive tests Reduction Gas-particle conversion process Aerosol liquid water content Sea salts

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Kinetic and product studies of Cl atoms reactions with a series of branched Ketones

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 271-282页

作者： Yangang Ren jinhe wang Benoit Grosselin Veronique Daele Abdelwahid Mellouki Institut de Combustion Aerothermique Reactivite et Environnement (/CARE) CNRS (UPR 3021) 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orleans Cedex 2 France School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan 250101 China

The rate constants for the C1 atom reaction with three branched ketones have been measured at 298 ± 2 K and 760 Torr using the relative rate method in the absence of NO. The rate constants values obtained （in units of 10^-10 cm^3/（***）） are： k（2-methyl-3-pentanone） = 1.07 ± 0.26, k（3-methyl-2-pentanone） =1.21 ± 0.26, and k（4-methyl-2-pentanone） = 1.35 ± 0.27. Combining the chemical kinetic data obtained by this study with those reported for other ketones, a revised Structure Activity Relationship （SAR） parameter and R group reactivity （kR of R（O）R＇ and CHx （x = 1, 2, 3） group reactivity （kCHx） toward C1 atoms were proposed. In addition, the products from the three reactions in the presence of NO were also identified and quantified by using PTR-ToF-MS and GC-FID, and the yields of the identified products are： acetone （39% ± 8%）＋ ethanal （78% ± 12%）, 2-butanone （22% ± 2%）＋ ethanal （75% ± 10%）＋ propanal （14% ± 1%） and acetone （26% ± 3%）＋ 2-methylpmpanal （24% ± 2%）, for C1 atoms reaction with 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the reaction mechanisms of C1 atoms with these three ketones are proposed.

关键词： Ketones Cl atoms Rate constants Products Mechanism

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Allelopathic growth inhibition of Heterosigma akashiwo by the three Ulva spcieces(Ulva Pertusa,Ulva Linza,Enteromorpha intestinalis) under laboratory conditions

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第3期31卷 138-144页

作者： wang Renjun FENG Lei TANG Xuexi wang jinhe DONG Shuanglin College of Life Science Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China Marine Ecology Laboratory of Marine Life College Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Department of Agricultural Engineering Dongying Vocation CollegeDongying 257091China Dongying City Ocean and Fishery Bureau Dongying 257091China

Allelopathic effects of several concentrations of fresh tissue,dry powder and dry tissue of three bloom-forming green macroalgae Ulva pertusa,Ulva linza and Enteromopha intestinalis on the red tide microalga Heterosigma akashiwo were evaluated in microcosms *** effects of macroalgae culture medium filtrate were investigated on *** using initial or semi-continuous filtrate *** studies on the algicidal effects of one aqueous and four organic solvent extracts from the macroalgae on the microalga were carried out to confirm the existence of allelochemicals in the tissue of these *** dry powder of *** was extracted with methanol,and the methanol extracts were partitioned to petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase by liquid-liquid *** bioassays of the activity of every fraction were carried out on *** resultant microcosms assay showed that the growth of *** was strongly inhibited by using fresh tissues,dry powder or dry tissue of these three macroalgae,while aqueous and methanol extracts of both macroalgae had strong inhibitory effects on the growth of ***,and the EC50 values for methanol extract of ***,*** or *** were 0.016,0.028× 10-12 or 0.033× 10-12,*** the other three organic solvent extracts (acetone,ether and chloroform) had no apparent effect on its growth,this suggests that the allelochemicals from these three maeroalgae had relatively high *** activity of petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase of *** methanol extract was carried out on *** indicating that petroleum ether phase and ethyl acetate phase had stronger algicidal effect on *** inhibition effect of the ethyl acetate phase was not as strong as that of petroleum ether phase,and effective concentration of petroleum ether phase was 17 mg/L for ***,no significant al

关键词： allelopathy green tide macroalgae red tide microalga extracts

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Pollution characteristics of atmospheric dustfall and heavy metals in a typical inland heavy industry city in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 283-291页

作者： jinhe wang Xi Zhang Qing Yang Kai Zhang Yue Zheng Guanhua Zhou School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan 250101 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Shanghai 200433 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012 China School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100083 China

Through field sampling of atmospheric dustfall in regions of Zhuzhou City, China for a period of one year, the deposition fluxes of atmospheric dustfall and five heavy metals contained inside, including Cr, As, Cd, Hg and Pb, were analyzed. Meanwhile the enrichment factor and index methods were used to analyze the pollution characteristics of heavy metals of atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou. The annual deposition flux of atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou was 50.79 g/（m^***）, while the annual deposition fluxes of Cr, As, Cd, Hg and Pb were 9.80, 59.69, 140.09, 0.87 and 1074.91 mg/（m^***）, respectively. The pollution level of atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou was relatively lower compared with most other cities in China, but the deposition fluxes of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou were much higher than that in most cities and regions around the world. Cd is the typical heavy metal element in atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou, and both the enrichment factor and pollution index of Cd were the highest. Cd, Hg, Pb and As in atmospheric dustfall were mainly from human activities. According to the single-factor index, Nemerow index and pollution load index analyses, the atmospheric dustfall in Zhuzhou could easily cause severe heavy metal pollution to urban soil, and the most polluting element was Cd, followed by Pb, As and Hg. Only the pollution level of Cr lay in the safety region and mainly originated from natural sources.

关键词： Atmospheric dustfall Heavy metal Deposition flux Factor analysis Zhuzhou city

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Pollution sources of atmospheric fine particles and secondary aerosol characteristics in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 91-98页

作者： Xi Zhang Kai Zhang Huiping Liu Wenli Lv Masahide Aikawa Bing Liu jinhe wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Co-Innovation Center for Green Building of Shandong ProvinceShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1-1HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan Qingdao Hongrui Electric Power Engineering Consulting Co. LtdQingdao 266100China Resources and Environment Innovation Research Institute School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

To investigate the secondary formation and pollution sources of atmospheric particles in urban Beijing,PM2.5 and its chemical components were collected and determined by URG-9000 D ambient ion monitor(AIM) from March 2016 to January *** water-soluble ions(WSIs), NO3-,SO42- and NH4+(SNA) had the largest proportion(77.8%) with the total concentration of 23.8 μg/***,as fine particle pollution worsened,the NO3-,SO42- and NH4+ concentrations increased basically,which revealed that secondary aerosols were the main cause of particle pollution in ***,the particle neutralization ratio(1.1),the ammonia to sulfate molar ratio(3.4) and the nitrate to sulfate molar ratio(2.2) showed that secondary aerosols are under ammonium-rich conditions with the main chemical forms of NH4 NO3 and(NH4)2 SO4,and vehicle emission could be the main anthropogenic source of secondary aerosols in *** analysis further indicated that secondary aerosols,solid fuel combustion,dust and marine aerosol were the principal pollution sources of PM2.5,accounting for about 46.1%,22.4% and 13.0%,respectively,and Inner Mongolia and Hebei Provinces could be considered as the main potential sources of PM2.5 in urban *** addition,secondary formation process was closely related with gaseous precursor emission amounts(SO2,NO2,NH3 and HONG),atmospheric ozone concentration(O3),meteorological conditions(temperature and relative humidity) and particle *** analysis of the thermodynamic equilibrium model(ISORROPIA Ⅱ)revealed that controlling total nitrate(TN) is the effective measure to mitigate fine particle pollution in Beijing.

关键词： pollution aerosol sources

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Effect of UV-B radiation on the feeding behavior of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第4期26卷 82-92页

作者： FENG Lei LI Xin wang jinhe HAN Honglei TANG Xuexi CHEN Xiguang Department of Agricultural Engineering Dongying Vocational College Dongying 257091 China Marine Life College Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Information Engineering College of Zhengzhou Zhengzhou 450001 China Dongying City Ocean and Fishery Bureau Dongying 257091 China

Effect of UV - B radiation on the feeding behaviour of marine zooplankton is important to assessing the health harm of marine ecosystem due to the gradually enhanced UV - B radiation in air. However, there are a few studies on this topic. The feeding behavior of the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis, under the treatment of UV - B radiation on five species of microalgae, i. e. , Chlorella sp. , Tetraselmis chuii, Isochrysis galbana Park 8701, Chaetoceros muelleri Lermumerman, and Nitzschia clostertum, was studied. The results showed that the filtering and feeding rates of the rotifer decreased significantly with the dose increase of UV - B radiation when fed with five species of microalgae respectively （ P 〈 0.05 ） which indicates UV - B radiation inhibits the feeding activities of the rotifer on microalage. The mixed culture experiments shows the rotifer preferred to feed Chlorella sp. , then C. muelleri, L galbana, N. clostertum and T. chuii in turn if without UV - B radiation. Under the highest dose of UV - B radiation treatment （2.70 kJ/m^2）, the rotifer preferred to feed C. muelleri, then Chlorella sp. , N. clostertum, L galbana and T. chuii in turn. Chlorella sp. , L galbana and C. muelleri became the more favorite foods of the rotifer while T. chuii and N. clostertum became less favorite foods. The change of feeding rate and feeding selectivity of zooplankton driven by the enhanced UV - B radiation will lead to the change in the structure of phytoplankton community.

关键词： UV - B radiation feeding microalgae rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

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Year-round observation of atmospheric inorganic aerosols in urban Beijing:Size distribution,source analysis,and reduction mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 354-364页

作者： Xi Zhang jinhe wang Kai Zhang Xiaona Shang Masahide Aikawa Guanhua Zhou Jie Li Huanhuan Li State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Resources and Environment Innovation Research Institute School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1-1 HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

To investigate particle characteristics and find an effective measure to control severe particle pollution,year-round observation of size-segregated inorganic aerosols was conducted in Beijing fromJanuary to December,*** sampled atmospheric particles all presented bimodal size distribution at four pollution levels(clear,slight pollution,moderate pollution and severe pollution),and peak values appeared at the size range of 0.7-2.1μmand>9.0μm,*** dominant particle compositions,NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and NH_(4)^(+)in four pollution levels all showed significant peaks in fine mode,especially at the size range of 1.1-2.1μ*** inorganic aerosols accounted for about 67.6%(36.3%(secondary sulfates)+31.3%(secondary nitrates))of the total sources of fine particles in urban *** pollution of fine particles was mainly caused by the air masses transported from nearby western and southern areas,which are industrial and densely populated region,*** tests further revealed that the control measures focusing on ammonium emission reduction was the most effective for particle pollution mitigation,and fine particles all showed nonlinear responses after reducing ammonium,nitrate,and sulfate concentrations,with the fitting curves of y=-120.8x-306.1x^(2)+290.2x^(3),y=-43.5x-67.8x^(2),and y=-25.8x-110.4x^(2)+7.6x^(3),respectively(y and x present fine particle mass variation(μg/m3)and concentration reduction ratio(CRR)/100(dimensionless)).Overall,our study presents useful information for understanding the characteristics of atmospheric inorganic aerosols in urban Beijing,as well as offers policy makers with effective measure for mitigating particle pollution.

关键词： Size distribution Secondary inorganic ions Source analysis Secondary formation Sensitivity test

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Nanoimprint Lithography:A Processing Technique for Nanofabrication Advancement

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第2期3卷 135-140页

作者： Weimin Zhou Guoquan Min Jing Zhang Yanbo Liu jinhe wang Yanping Zhang Feng Sun Laboratory of Nanotechnology Shanghai Nanotechnology Promotion Center (SNPC)

Nanoimprint lithography(NIL) is an emerging micro/nano-patterning technique,which is a high-resolution,high-throughput and yet simple fabrication *** to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor(ITRS),NIL has emerged as the next generation lithography candidate for the22 nm and 16 nm technological *** this paper,we present an overview of nanoimprint *** classfication,research focus,critical issues,and the future of nanoimprint lithography are intensively elaborated.A pattern as small as 2.4 nm has been ***-wafer nanoimprint lithography has been completed on a 12-inch ***,12.5 nm pattern resolution through soft molecular scale nanoimprint lithography has been achieved by EV Group,a leading nanoimprint lithography technology supplier.

关键词： Nanoimprint lithography Soft molecular scale Nanofabrication

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The pollution levels, var iation character istics, sources and implications of atmospheric carbonyls in a typical rural area of North China Plain during winter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 256-265页

作者： jinhe wang Shuyu Sun Chongxu Zhang Chaoyang Xue Pengfei Liu Chenglong Zhang Yujing Mu Hai Wu Defa wang Hui Chen Jianmin Chen School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Co-Innovation Center for Green Building of Shandong ProvinceShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Atmospheric carbonyls were measured at a typical rural area of the North China Plain(NCP)from November 13 to December 24,2017 to investigate the pollution characteristics,sources and environmental *** carbonyls were detected,and formaldehyde,acetaldehyde and acetone accounted for about 81% at *** concentration of the total carbonyls in heavily polluted days was twice more than that in clean *** contrast to other carbonyls,m-tolualdehyde exhibited relatively high concentrations in the clean days in comparison with the polluted *** ratios of three principal carbonyls to CO showed similar daily variations at different pollution levels with significant daytime *** linear regression analysis revealed that the contributions of background,primary and secondary sources to three principal carbonyls showed similar variation trends from the clean level to the heavily polluted *** OH formation rate of formaldehyde showed a similar variation trend to its photodegradation rate,reaching the peak value at noon,which is important to maintain relatively high OH levels to initiate the oxidation of various gas-phase pollutants for secondary pollutant formation at the rural *** radical consumption rate and ozone formation potential(OFP) calculations showed that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant oxidative species among measured *** for OH radical consumption,n-butyraldehyde and m-tolualdehyde were important contributors,while for ozone formation potential,n-butyraldehyde and propionaldehyde made significant *** addition,the contribution of carbonyl compounds to secondary organic aerosol(SOA) formation was also important and needs further investigation.

关键词： pollution ozone sources

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Effect of UV-B radiation on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第2期30卷 113-119页

作者： wang jinhe FENG Lei TANG Xuexi College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Dong Ying City Ocean and Fishery Bureau Dongying 257091 China Department of Agricultural Engineering Dongying Vocational College Dongying 257091 China

The effect of UV-B radiation enhancement at experimental doses of 0.00,0.24,0.48,0.72,0.96,and 1.20 kJ/m 2 on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus feeding on the alga Chlorella *** studied under controlled laboratory conditions using clonal culture and life-table *** results show that UV-B radiation treatment significantly shortened the survival time of the rotifer （P 0.05）： The longest survival time （336 h） occurred in the control （0.00 kJ/m 2 ） while the shortest （222 h） occurred when exposed to the highest UV-B radiation treatment （1.20 kJ/m 2 ）.The fecundity of the rotifer *** was enhanced by the lower UV-B radiation treatment （0.24 and 0.48 kJ/m 2 ） but inhibited by the higher treatments （0.96 and 1.20 kJ/m 2 ）.Life expectancy also was obviously affected by UV-B radiation （P 0.05）.The highest life expectancy occurred in the control （0.00 kJ/m 2 ）,and it became shorter with increasing doses of UV-B *** resutls in the present study indicate that the life expectancy of the rotifer *** can be used as an indicator for UV-B radiation enhancement.

关键词： UV-B radiation marine rotifer Brachionus urceus population dynamics

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