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On Robust Cross-view Consistency in Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 495-513页

作者： Haimei zhao jing Zhang Zhuo Chen Bo Yuan Dacheng tao School of Computer Science University of SydneySydney2008Australia Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China School of Information Technology&Electrical Engineering University of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia

Remarkable progress has been made in self-supervised monocular depth estimation (SS-MDE) by exploring cross-view consistency, e.g., photometric consistency and 3D point cloud consistency. However, they are very vulnerable to illumination variance, occlusions, texture-less regions, as well as moving objects, making them not robust enough to deal with various scenes. To address this challenge, we study two kinds of robust cross-view consistency in this paper. Firstly, the spatial offset field between adjacent frames is obtained by reconstructing the reference frame from its neighbors via deformable alignment, which is used to align the temporal depth features via a depth feature alignment (DFA) loss. Secondly, the 3D point clouds of each reference frame and its nearby frames are calculated and transformed into voxel space, where the point density in each voxel is calculated and aligned via a voxel density alignment (VDA) loss. In this way, we exploit the temporal coherence in both depth feature space and 3D voxel space for SS-MDE, shifting the “point-to-point” alignment paradigm to the “region-to-region” one. Compared with the photometric consistency loss as well as the rigid point cloud alignment loss, the proposed DFA and VDA losses are more robust owing to the strong representation power of deep features as well as the high tolerance of voxel density to the aforementioned challenges. Experimental results on several outdoor benchmarks show that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art techniques. Extensive ablation study and analysis validate the effectiveness of the proposed losses, especially in challenging scenes. The code and models are available at https://***/sunnyHelen/RCVC-depth.

关键词： 3D vision depth estimation cross-view consistency self-supervised learning monocular perception.

RebL1 is required for macronuclear structure stability and gametogenesis in Tetrahymena thermophila

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 183-197页

作者： Huijuan Hao Yinjie Lian Chenhui Ren Sitong Yang Min zhao tao Bo jing Xu Wei Wang Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of BiotechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Taiyuan 030006China

Histone modification and nucleosome assembly play important roles in chromatin-related processes.Histone chaperones form different complexes and coordinate histone transportation and assembly.Various histone chaperone complexes have been identified in different organisms.The ciliate protozoa(ciliates)have various chromatin structures and different nuclear morphology.However,histone chaperone components and functions of different subunits remain unclear in ciliates.Tet-rahymema thermophila contains a transcriptionally active macronucleus(MAC)and a transcriptionally inactive micronu-cleus(MIC)which exhibit multiple replication and various chromatin remodeling progresses during vegetative growth and sexual developmental stages.Here,we found histone chaperone RebL1 not only localized evenly in the transcriptionally active MAC but also dynamically changed in the MIC during vegetative growth and sexual developmental stages.REBL1 knockdown inhibited cellular proliferation.The macronuclear morphology became bigger in growing mutants.The abnormal macronuclear structure also occurred in the starvation stage.Furthermore,micronuclear meiosis was disturbed during sexual development,leading to a failure to generate new gametic nuclei.RebL1 potentially interacted with various factors involved in histone-modifying complexes and chromatin remodeling complexes in different developmental stages.REBL1 knockdown affected expression levels of the genes involved in chromatin organization and transcription.Taken together,RebL1 plays a vital role in maintaining macronuclear structure stability and gametogenesis in T.thermophila.

关键词： Gametogenesis Histone chaperone Macronuclear structure RebL1 Tetrahymena thermophilaIntroduction

Towards catalytic reactions of Cu single-atom catalysts:Recent progress and future perspective

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 197-207页

作者： Yitao zhao Lei tao Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Special Functional Textile Materials Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and GarmentChangzhou 213164China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation CenterSchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

One of the urgent and challenging topics in diversified sustainable energy conversion is the development of high-performance,low-cost,and well durable catalysts.Cu single-atom catalysts(SACs)have become promising catalysts for diversified sustainable energy conversion due to their capability to maximize the utilization efficiency,acquire modulated electronic structure and optimized binding strength with intermediates.In this review,we have provided an interview of the recent progress achieved in the field of electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and heterogeneous reaction based on Cu SACs.Started by this review,we have summarized some advanced synthetic strategies for the construction of Cu SACs.Subsequently,the performance-improving strategies are discussed in terms of the coordination environments of the reaction center,reaction mechanism and selectivity,based on free energy diagram and electron structure analysis.Finally,the remaining issues,challenges,and opportunities of Cu SACs are also provided,affording a perspective for future studies.This review not only offers us a deep understanding on the catalytic mechanism of Cu SACs for energy conversion,but also encourages more endeavors in prompting their practical application.

关键词： Cu SACs Energy conversion Catalysis Coordination environment

The infection kinetics and transmission potential of two Guaico Culex viruses in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 228-234页

作者： Ru-Yi Chen Teng zhao jing-jing Guo Feng Zhu Na-Na Zhang Xiao-Feng Li Hai-tao Liu Fei Wang Yong-Qiang Deng Cheng-Feng Qin College of Bioscience and Bioengineering Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAMMSBeijing100071China School of Life Sciences Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China

Guaico Culex virus(GCXV)is a newly identified segmented jingmenvirus from Culex spp.mosquitoes in Central and South America.The genome of GCXV is composed of four or five single-stranded positive RNA segments.However,the infection kinetics and transmission capability of GCXV in mosquitoes remain unknown.In this study,we used reverse genetics to rescue two GCXVs(4S and 5S)that contained four and five RNA segments,respectively,in C6/36 cells.Further in vitro characterization revealed that the two GCXVs exhibited comparable replication kinetics,protein expression and viral titers.Importantly,GCXV RNAs were detected in the bodies,salivary glands,midguts and ovaries of Culex quinquefasciatus at 4–10 days after oral infection.In addition,two GCXVs can colonize Cx.quinquefasciatus eggs,resulting in positive rates of 15%–35%for the second gonotrophic cycle.In conclusion,our results demonstrated that GCXVs with four or five RNA segments can be detected in Cx.quinquefasciatus eggs during the first and second gonotrophic cycles after oral infection.

关键词： Guaico Culex virus(GCXV) jingmenvirus Culex quinquefasciatus Vertical transmission

Editable semiconductor photo-electrodes for sustainable ammonia synthesis

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3107-3112页

作者： Ning Lan Kun Du Erling zhao Wei zhao tao Ling Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of New-EnergySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300384China

Powered by an inexhaustible supply of solar energy,photoelectrochemical(PEC)nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)provides an ideal solution for the synthesis of green ammonia(NH_(3)).Although great efforts have been made in the past decades,there are still significant challenges in increasing the NH_(3) yields of the PEC-NRR devices.In addition to the issues of low activity and selectivity similar to electrochemical NRR,the progress of PEC-NRR is also impeded by the limited increase in NH_(3) yields as the electrode is enlarged.Here,we propose an editable electrode design strategy that parallels unit photo-electrodes to achieve a linear increase in NH_(3) yields with electrode active area.We demonstrate that the editable electrode design strategy minimizes the electrode charge transfer resistance,allowing more photo-generated carriers to reach the electrode surface and promote the catalytic reaction.We believe that this editable electrode design strategy provides an avenue to achieve sustainable PEC NH_(3) production.

关键词： editable electrode photoelectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction parallel electrode ZnSe

Ten-year observation of corneal densitometry and associated factors following small incision lenticule extraction

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 485-490页

作者： Xiao-Song Han Fei Xia Zhuo-Yi Chen Pei-Jun Yao Dong-Mei Yang jing zhao Xing-tao Zhou Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye&ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Key Laboratory of MyopiaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Shanghai 200031China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care(20DZ2255000) Shanghai 200031China

●AIM:To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).●METHODS:Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equivalent of-6.46±1.50 D and mean age 28.23±7.38y were enrolled.Full-scale examinations were conducted on all patients preoperatively and during followup.Visual acuity,manifest refraction,axial length,corneal thickness,corneal higher-order aberrations,and CD were evaluated.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed successfully without complications or adverse events.Ten-year safety index was 1.17±0.20 and efficacy 1.04±0.28.CD value of 0–6 mm zones in central layer was statistically significantly lower 10y postoperatively,compared with preoperative values(0–2 mmΔ=-1.62,2–6 mmΔ=-1.24,P<0.01).There were no correlations between CD values and factors evaluated.●CONCLUSION:SMILE is a safe and efficient procedure for myopia on a long-term basis.CD values get lower 10y postoperatively,whose mechanism is to be further discussed.

关键词： myopia small incision lenticule extraction corneal densitometry

Enhancing single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfluidics with fine-tunable on-chip sample enrichment

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 149-160页

作者： tao Tang Hao zhao Shaofei Shen Like Yang Chwee Teck Lim Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583 SingaporeSingapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of Singapore119077 SingaporeSingapore Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM College of Life ScienceShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxi 030801China Institute for Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599 SingaporeSingapore Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore117411 SingaporeSingapore Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological University636921 SingaporeSingapore

Single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfluidics is commonly hindered by the tradeoff between cell suspension density and on-chip focusing performance.In this study,we introduce a novel droplet microfluidic chip to overcome this challenge.The chip comprises a double spiral focusing unit,a flow resistance-based sample enrichment module with fine-tunable outlets,and a crossflow droplet generation unit.Utilizing a low-density cell/bead suspension(2×10^(6) objects/mL),cells/beads are focused into a near-equidistant linear arrangement within the double spiral microchannel.The excess water phase is diverted while cells/beads remain focused and sequentially encapsulated in individual droplets.Focusing performance was assessed through numerical simulations and experiments at three flow rates(40,60,80μL/min),demonstrating successful focusing at 40 and 80μL/min for beads and cells,respectively.In addition,both simulation and experimental results revealed that the flow resistance at the sample enrichment module is adjustable by punching different outlets,allowing over 50%of the aqueous phase to be removed.YOLOv8n-based droplet detection algorithms realized the counting of cells/beads in droplets,statistically demonstrating single-cell and bead encapsulation rates of 72.2%and 79.2%,respectively.All the results indicate that this on-chip sample enrichment approach can be further developed and employed as a critical component in single-cell encapsulation in water-in-oil droplets.

关键词： beads outlet sample

Karstsinnectes cehengensis(Cypriniformes:Nemacheilidae),a new species of cave fish from Guizhou,China

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第2期49卷 101-115页

作者： Xinrui zhao Changting Lan tao Luo jing Yu Jiajun Zhou Ning Xiao Jiang Zhou School of Karst Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Life Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310020China Zhejiang Forestry Survey Planning and Design Company Limited Hangzhou 310020China Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University Guiyang 550081China

Four species of the genus Karstsinnectes,which live in dark,low-energy groundwater ecosystems,are currently recorded,mainly distributed in the upstream of the Pearl River,the Youjiang River and the Hongshui River.Completing biodiversity surveys is particularly difficult due to the particular cave habitats inhabited by these species.In this work,we describe a new cave fish of the genus Karstsinnectes,namely K.cehengensis Luo,zhao&Zhou,sp.nov.,collected from the Beipanjiang River,the upstream of the Hongshui River.Genetically,the four individuals of the new species form a phylogenetically separate lineage,as the sister clade of K.acridorsalis,with a 9.4–9.5%genetic difference in mitochondrial Cyt b.Morphologically,the new species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characteristics:body naked,without body color;eyes reduced,diameter 1.4–3.8%of head length;anterior and posterior nostrils adjacent,anterior nostril not elongated to a barbel-like tip;lateral line incomplete;caudal fin forked;dorsal-fin rays iii-7,pectoral-fin rays i-11–12,pelvic-fin rays i-7,anal-fin rays iii-5,with 14 branched caudal-fin rays.The discovery of this new species represents the northernmost distribution of species within the genus Karstsinnectes and the first record from Guizhou Province.All currently known species of this genus inhabited in caves,making them ideal organisms for studying historical river connectivity and cave formation process.

关键词： Diversity karst cave morphology phylogeny Karstsinnectes

The Strategic Analysis of Demand Forecast-Sharing in a Hybrid-Format Online Platform Supply Chain

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 281-310页

作者： jing zhao Zijun Yin Guobiao Zhou School of Mathematical Sciences Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

This paper examines the optimal forecast-sharing strategy in a hybrid-format online platform supply chain where a supplier sells a product through agency format and reselling format provided by a platform retailer who possesses demand forecasts from two channels.Forecast asymmetry and co-opetitive relationship arise between the platform retailer and the supplier,which affect their operational decisions and the supply chain’s performance.To improve supply chain efficiency,we compare different forecast-sharing strategies(i.e.,no forecast sharing,sharing a single forecast,and sharing two forecasts),and analyze the effects of co-opetitive parameters on the optimal forecast-sharing strategy.Our analysis shows that forecast sharing is always beneficial to the supplier,and sharing two forecasts is more beneficial than sharing a single forecast.Whereas for the platform retailer and the whole supply chain,forecast sharing is beneficial only under certain conditions,depending on the co-opetitive parameters.The optimal forecast-sharing strategy is the result of a combination of the negative effect of double marginalization in reselling channel and the positive effect of responding pricing to demand uncertainty in agency channel.We illustrate the parameter regions of the platform retailer’s voluntary sharing,contract sharing,and no sharing,and also find that higher channel competition intensity,higher market share of agency channel,and higher commission rate can promote the platform retailer’s voluntary sharing.Our study extends the research scope of demand forecast-sharing and sheds light on the decision-making processes for managing a hybrid-format online platform supply chain.

关键词： Supply chain management hybrid-format online platform demand forecast-sharing co-opetitive relationship channel competition intensity